The shortage of workers across construction trades is a growing concern in the United States. This study collected the perceptions of 429 construction workers in two different trades to explore and contrast their perceptions and experiences in choosing and remaining in their trade. Worker perceptions were collected using open ended and Likert scale questions to explore the influencers on workers. While higher salaries were indicated as perhaps the single best means of attracting and retaining workers to these trades, the results suggest that money is not the only effective means to attract and retain workers, in both high and low skill construction trades. Resources for training as well as family and friends have a strong influence in career choice among construction workers. The results also indicate that while there is a level of consistency between different trades regarding what attracts and retains them, strategies should not simply be geared to construction in general, due to ethnic, skill-level, and unionization differences between trades, efforts need to be catered to the specific trades within the construction industry.

The 2021 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System reflected advances in understanding of the roles of oncohistones in gliomagenesis with the introduction of the H3.3-G34R/V mutant glioma to the already recognized H3-K27M altered glioma, which represent the diagnoses of pediatric-type diffuse hemispheric glioma and diffuse midline glioma, respectively. Despite advances in research regarding these disease entities, the prognosis remains poor. While many studies and clinical trials focus on H3-K27M-altered-glioma patients, those with H3.3-G34R/V mutant gliomas represent a particularly understudied population. Thus, we sought to review the current knowledge regarding the molecular mechanisms underpinning the gliomagenesis of H3.3-G34R/V mutant gliomas and the diagnosis, treatment, long-term outcomes, and possible future therapeutics.