The impact of climate change on river systems is a multifaceted threat to the environment, affecting various aspects of ecosystems. The Upper Benue River Basin (UBRB) in Nigeria is an area of concern, as river flow and water levels are crucial for irrigation and transportation. In this study, we investigate the impact of climate change on the hydrology of the UBRB using data on rainfall, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, river discharge, and water level. Trend, correlation, and stepwise regression analyses were conducted using Excel and SPSS 20 to analyze the data. The results indicate that the UBRB is experiencing climate change, as evidenced by annual decreases in rainfall and relative humidity and increases in maximum and minimum temperatures. Specifically, mean annual rainfall and relative humidity exhibit a negative trend, while the maximum and minimum temperature exhibit a positive trend. Furthermore, we found that rainfall and relative humidity have a significant positive relationship with river discharge and level (p < 0.01), whereas maximum temperature and wind speed have a significant negative relationship with water discharge and level. We also identified wind speed and rainfall as the critical climatic indices influencing river discharge, accounting for 21.7% of the variation in river discharge within the basin (R² = 21.7). Based on these findings, we conclude that increases in rainfall and relative humidity will lead to significant increases in river discharge and level, while increases in wind speed and maximum temperature will decrease river discharge and level. Moreover, wind speed and rainfall are the critical climatic indices influencing river discharge, whereas relative humidity, wind speed, and rainfall are the critical climatic indices influencing water level. Thus, we recommend constructing more reservoirs (dams) to mitigate the negative trend in rainfall and encourage climate change control, such as afforestation among the population of the region. These findings have important implications for understanding the impact of climate change on river systems and developing effective strategies to mitigate its effects.

Objective: This study investigates the impact of women's empowerment on reducing rural poverty in Shongom Local Government Area, Gombe State, Nigeria. Methodology: The research utilized both primary and secondary data, employing systematic sampling to select respondents across ten wards. Data collection methods included questionnaires and focus group discussions. Descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Chi-Square Test were used to analyze the data and test the hypothesis regarding the relationship between women's empowerment and poverty reduction. Results: Findings indicate a significant relationship between women's empowerment and poverty reduction. Empowered women reported higher average annual incomes and greater capacity to support their families financially. The study also revealed that education and skills training have substantial impacts on empowering women, thereby enhancing their economic contributions. Conclusions: Empowering women is crucial for reducing rural poverty, as it improves their economic status and enables them to fulfill vital family roles. Policies should focus on education, skills training, and the abolition of discriminatory cultural practices to achieve sustainable empowerment and poverty alleviation.

The impact of modern technology around the globe on both humans and other physical environments cannot be overstated. Technology has widely affected general ways of life and events. The level of technology has continued spreading to many developing nations, which is not only affecting human lives but has a great impact on employment and business activities as well. This situation is analysed from two perspectives in this paper; concerning the negative and positive effects. The study gives a short overview on how work was done before and after the advent of digital technology, and with the help of collecting problems resulting from modern technology, it suggests possible ways of minimisation the negative effects of the technology, especially in developing nations struggling to adapt to new changes.