This paper takes the two subsystems of inland ports and industries along the Yangtze River as a composite system as a research object, providing insight into the influence of the development efficiency of inland ports along the Yangtze River and the coupling and synergy degree of industry. Firstly, the coupling synergy effect of the inland port industry is qualitatively expounded, and secondly, the entropy weight TOPSIS method is used to construct a coupling coordination model to analyze the measurement of the development efficiency and industrial coupling synergy relationship between inland ports along the Yangtze River. Twelve cities along the Yangtze River were selected as examples, the coupling synergy degree of their ports was evaluated by referring to the comprehensive port development synergy index from 2010 to 2019, and the development levels and evolution processes of the different cities were compared and analyzed. The coupling synergy development of the inland port industry along the Yangtze River can provide a basis for the problems and countermeasures faced by the integrated development of the inland port industry along the Yangtze River.