The most significant caves in Montenegro were distinguished in response to their physical-geographic, biological, archeological and morphometric characteristics (length and depth). Caves distribute in four distinctive regions: coastal karst, karst plateau (relict valley system), fluvial karst (recent hydrologic systems) and the high mountainous karst area. The most outstanding within the last, due to abundances of the major caves with depths from a few hundred meters to 1,162 m, are four mountain regions: Mt. Durmitor, Mt. Lovćen-Orjen, Mt. Maganik and Mt. Bjelič.

The Moracke Planine Mountains, situated in the central part of Montenegro, were the center of intensive Pleistocene glaciation. Specific type of moraines - hummocky ones, which have not been recorded in the southeastern Dinarides up to now, were recently identified and investigated in western part of the Moracke Planine Mts. Moraine material accumulated on limestone basement, where several tens of irregularly distributed hummocks and similar number of bowl-shaped dolines have been carved already. The hummocky moraines formed in the glaciokarst landscape where the well-developed karst morphology has been shaped before glaciation. Pre-glacial karst morphology determined the direction of glacier movement as well as its main morphological characteristics (thickness and width). During the most intensive glaciation phase (?IS 12) the Lukavicko-lukovski Glacier, spread out from the central part of mountain towards west, reaching a length of 16.5 km. Due to uneven glacier thickness, the deglaciation process led to its breaking and separation of the lower and shorter part from the rest of the icy mass. Stagnant state of the icy mass led to specific accumulation of moraine material in a form of numerous hummocks, whose melting produced a bowl-shaped dolinas in-between. The paleogeographic significance of hummocky moraines lies in the possibilities of more detailed studies of the Pleistocene glaciers specifics that arise from their evolution in glacio-karst conditions.

Since the end of the 19th century until today, a significant number of Palaeolithic sites have been recovered on the territory of Serbia, and they are classified into three chronological groups. Extensive archaeological excavations revealed four (4) sites belonging to the Lower Palaeolithic, eighteen (18) to the Middle Palaeolithic and twenty-one (21) Upper Palaeolithic site. Previous analyses of the techno-typological and functional characteristics of knapped stone industries, found at the sites, together with the available absolute dates form a chronological framework on which the archaeological interpretation of human activities and post-depositional processes is based. For a complex understanding of Palaeolithic cultural changes, settlement patterns and population movements, in addition to the abundance of archaeological data, it was also necessary to define the geographical characteristics of the excavated sites. For this purpose, a qualitative and quantitative geomorphological analysis was performed. The qualitative analysis included the position of the sites within larger relief units, while altitudinal zonation of the habitats (absolute and relative altitude) and their exposure were analysed quantitatively. Based on the conducted studies, the landscape relief units in which the researched Palaeolithic sites investigated are located were defined and the "inhabited areas" from different chronologically groups were compared.