Cognitive dysfunction in fibromyalgia has been reported, especially memory. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) has been effective in enhancing this function. We tested the effects of eight sessions of tDCS and cognitive training on immediate and delayed memory, verbal fluency and working memory and its association with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Forty females with fibromyalgia were randomized to receive eight sessions of active or sham tDCS. Anodal stimulation (2 mA) was applied over the DLPFC and online combined with a working memory training (WMT) for 20 minutes. Pre and post-treatment neurocognitive tests were administered. Data analysis on deltas considering years of education and BDNF as covariates, indicated active-tDCS + WMT significantly increased immediate memory indexed by Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test score when compared to sham. This effect was dependent on basal BDNF levels. In addition, the model showed active stimulation increased orthographic and semantic verbal fluency scores (Controlled Oral Word Association Test) and short-term memory (Forward Digit Span). The combination of both techniques seemed to produce effects on specific cognitive functions related to short-term and long-term episodic memory and executive functions, which has clinical relevance for top-down treatment approaches in FM.

Objective: The objective of this article was to investigate the biopsychosocial factors that influence adherence to treatment and the quality of life of individuals who have been successfully following the HIV/AIDS treatment. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study carried out with 120 HIV positive participants in the south of Brazil. Among the variables studied, of note are: perceived stress, social support, symptoms of anxiety and depression and quality of life. Results: The results show that a moderate to high adherence to the treatment paired with a strong sense of social support indicate a higher quality of life. Conclusion: The combination of social support and antiretroviral treatment have an impact on physical conditions, improving immune response and quality of life.

Undergraduate students are often impacted by depression, anxiety, and stress. In this context, machine learning may support mental health assessment. Based on the following research question: “How do machine learning models perform in the detection of depression, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate students?”, we aimed to evaluate the performance of these models. PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases were searched, aiming at studies meeting the following criteria: publication in English; targeting undergraduate university students; empirical studies; having been published in a scientific journal; and predicting anxiety, depression, or stress outcomes via machine learning. The certainty of evidence was analyzed using the GRADE. As of January 2024, 2,304 articles were found, and 48 studies met the inclusion criteria. Different types of data were identified, including behavioral, physiological, internet usage, neurocerebral, blood markers, mixed data, as well as demographic and mobility data. Among the 33 studies that provided accuracy assessment, 30 reported values that exceeded 70%. Accuracy in detecting stress ranged from 63% to 100%, anxiety from 53.69% to 97.9%, and depression from 73.5% to 99.1%. Although most models present adequate performance, it should be noted that 47 of them only performed internal validation, which may overstate the performance data. Moreover, the GRADE checklist suggested that the quality of the evidence was very low. These findings indicate that machine learning algorithms hold promise in Public Health; however, it is crucial to scrutinize their practical applicability. Further studies should invest mainly in external validation of the machine learning models.

Este estudo teve o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade de vida e bem-estar espiritual em pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids. A amostra foi constituída de 200 pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids (111 mulheres e 89 homens), de 19 a 67 anos, 143 sintomáticos e 57 assintomáticos. Do total, 62,5% faziam uso de terapia anti-retroviral. Os resultados apontam para a correlação significativa entre os domínios da qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-HIV bref) e bem-estar espiritual (SWBS). O domínio da qualidade de vida, espiritualidade, religiosidade e crenças pessoais e a subescala bem-estar religioso apresentaram os escores mais altos. Obtiveram-se correlações altamente significativas entre os domínios da qualidade de vida física, relações sociais e espiritualidade, religiosidade e crenças pessoais, e os do bem-estar religioso, bem-estar existencial e bem-estar espiritual no grupo sintomático/Aids. Discute-se a importância das variáveis religiosidade e espiritualidade no processo de resiliência e de proteção à saúde. A importância da inserção dos fatores de proteção à saúde necessita ser destacada nas pesquisas, nas intervenções do psicólogo e no planejamento de políticas públicas de saúde. Este estudio tuvo el objetivo de evaluar la cualidad de vida y bienestar espiritual de personas viviendo con VIH/SIDA. La muestra fue de 200 pacientes viviendo con VIH/SIDA (111 mujeres y 89 hombres), de 19 a 67 años, 143 sintomáticos y 57 asintomáticos, del total, 62,5% hacían uso de terapia antirretroviral. Los resultados apuntan hacia la correlación significativa entre los dominios de la cualidad de vida (WHOQOL-HIV bref) y bienestar espiritual (SWBS). El dominio de la cualidad de vida, espiritualidad, religiosidad y creencias personales como la subescala bienestar religioso presentaron los escores más altos. Se obtuvieron correlaciones altamente significativas entre los dominios de cualidad de vida físico, relaciones sociales y espiritualidad, religiosidad y creencias personales con el bienestar religioso, existencial y espiritual del grupo sintomático/SIDA. Se discute la importancia de las variables religiosidad y espiritualidad en el proceso de resiliencia y de protección a la salud. La importancia de la inserción de los factores de protección a la salud necesita ser destacada en las investigaciones, en las intervenciones del psicólogo y en el planeamiento de políticas públicas de salud. Current study evaluates the quality of life and spiritual well-being in HIV/Aids people. Two hundred HIV individuals were taken as samples (111 women and 89 men), aged between 19 to 67 years old, 143 symptomatic/Aids and 57 asymptomatic, 62.5% had taken anti-retroviral therapy. Results point to a significant correlation between the quality of life (WHOQOL-HIV bref) and spiritual well being (SWB). The spiritual, religiosity and personal beliefs and the subscale religious well being had the highest scores. Significant correlations were obtained in symptomatic/Aids group between quality of life concerning physical, social relationship and spiritual, religiosity and personal beliefs with the religious well-being, the existential well being and the spiritual well-being. The importance of the variables religiosity and spirituality within the resilience and health protection process was also discussed. Discussing health protection in research, in psychologist's interventions and in health public policies should be enhanced

Essa pesquisa teve o objetivo de avaliar a qualidade de vida e bem-estar espiritual em universitários de Psicologia e investigar se existe correlação entre esses aspectos. O estudo teve delineamento transversal. A amostra foi aleatória de 136 universitários de Psicologia da PUCRS. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: questionário de qualidade de vida WHOQOL-bref e escala de Bem-Estar Espiritual (SWBS). Foi realizada análise estatística descritiva inferencial. Verificou-se que existe correlação positiva entre os domínios físico, psicológico, social e ambiental com o bem-estar existencial nesses universitários. Destacou-se que o domínio psicológico e bem-estar existencial obtiveram a correlação mais alta (r= 0,63 p=0,00). Salienta-se a importância da inserção do tema da espiritualidade como discussão no campo científico. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo evaluar la calidad de vida y bienestar espiritual en universitarios de Psicología, y analizar si existe correlación entre dichos aspectos. El delineamiento del estudio ha sido transversal y la muestra aleatoria, de 136 universitarios de Psicología de la PUCRS. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: cuestionario de calidad de vida WHOQOL-bref y escala de Bienestar Espiritual (SWBS). Se realizó un análisis estadístico descriptivo inferencial verificándose que existe correlación positiva entre los dominios físico, psicológico, social y ambiental con el bienestar existencial en esos universitarios. El dominio psicológico y bienestar existencial obtuvieron la correlación más alta (r= 0,63 p=0,00). Cabe destacar la importancia de la inserción del tema de la espiritualidad como discusión en el campo científico. This research aimed at evaluating quality of life and spiritual well-being in Psychology students, and to investigate correlation among these aspects. The study had a transversal design. The students, allocated, responded instruments of Quality of Life WHOQOL-bref and Scale of spiritual well-being (SWBS) (n=136). Statistic descriptive and inferencial analysis showed positive correlation between physical, psychologic, social, ambiental areas and existencial well-being. The psychological area and existencial well-being obtained highest correlation (r=0,63 p=0,00). It is emphasized the importance of insertion of spirituality themes as discussion in scientific field

O presente artigo visa a discutir a interface entre Psicologia da saúde e Psicologia positiva, destacando a relevância dos aspectos positivos do desenvolvimento humano como foco de pesquisas e intervenções. Salienta-se a necessidade de avanços nos estudos relacionados aos fatores protetores e de manutenção do desenvolvimento humano saudável. Na discussão em foco neste artigo, a Psicologia da saúde e a Psicologia positiva têm importante papel na compreensão dos aspectos envolvidos no enfrentamento da doença bem como na manutenção da saúde da pessoa, e apontam a relevância do investimento científico na investigação dos fatores de proteção da saúde.