The length of basalt fibers affects the performance of asphalt mixtures. To explore the influence of different lengths of basalt fibers on the performance of asphalt mixtures, this study selected basalt fibers with lengths of 6 mm, 9 mm, and 12 mm to design gradations that were incorporated into asphalt mixtures to prepare specimens. High-temperature rutting tests, immersion Marshall tests, freeze-thaw splitting tests, and low-temperature splitting tests were conducted, resulting in 11 test mix designs and 12 test indicators. Then, a multi-objective grey target decision method was used to optimize the optimal combination ratio of basalt fiber lengths. The results indicate that compared to asphalt mixtures with single-length basalt fibers, incorporating well-combined basalt fibers significantly enhances the high-temperature, low-temperature, and water stability performance of asphalt mixtures. According to the grey target decision method, this study determined that a basalt fiber combination ratio of 3:4:3 for lengths of 6 mm, 9 mm, and 12 mm provides the best overall performance of asphalt mixtures. Additionally, when designing asphalt mixtures with graded basalt fibers, the inclusion of 9 mm fibers should be the primary control point. These research findings provide important guidance for the enhanced application of basalt fibers in road engineering.

There are long periods of winter construction in China’s eastern and western Alpine regions. The decreased construction temperature adversely affects the workability, mechanical properties, and durability of cement-based materials and alkali-activated materials. Under low-temperature curing conditions, the hydration reaction of these materials slows down, resulting in limited strength development and reduced durability. In response to this problem, researchers have summarized three measures to improve performance: the use of anti-freezing components, nanoparticles, and pre-curing. The effects of anti-freezing components on the mechanical properties and micro-mechanism changes of Portland cement, sulphoaluminate cement, magnesium phosphate cement-based materials, and alkali-activated cementitious materials are organized. Additionally, the improvement of macro-micro properties in cement-based materials through mineral admixtures, nanoparticles, and hydrated calcium silicate seeds is summarized. The influence of pre-curing on the mechanical properties of cement-based materials is analyzed, focusing on the relationship between pre-curing time and the critical strength of frost resistance. Finally, existing research challenges are summarized, and future research directions are proposed, providing valuable references for the further development of materials and engineering applications.