The aim of our study was to examine the relationship between age at menarche (AM) and hypertension and to evaluate whether different dietary patterns have an effect on associations between AM and hypertension in a large-scale Han Chinese population in southwest China. A cross-sectional study was performed that included 44,900 participants from 17 districts in southwest China from September 2018 to January 2019. The study comprised 23,805 individuals in the final analysis. Logistic regression and multivariable linear regression were applied to estimate the dietary pattern-specific associations between AM and hypertension or systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP). Restricted cubic spline regression was utilized to calculate the shape of the relationship between AM and the odds ratio of hypertension. After adjusting for multiple variables, women who had a history of AM > 14 years were associated with an increased risk of hypertension (OR 1.12, 95%CI 1.04–1.19) and elevated levels of SBP (β 0.90, 95%CI 0.41–1.38) compared with those with AM ≤ 14 years among the total population, and this association was still statistically significant when we further adjusted for body mass index (BMI). In participants with AM > 14 years, the odds ratio values of hypertension increased with increasing menarche age. After stratification by age at recruitment, the positive association between menarche age and hypertension only remained in the middle-aged group, and this association was not found in the young and old groups. After stratification by the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) score among the total population, the positive association between AM and hypertension was presented only in the low DASH score group; however, this association was not found in the high DASH score group. Women who have a history of AM > 14 years should pay close attention to blood pressure levels and incorporate the DASH diet more in order to achieve the early prevention of hypertension, especially middle-aged women.

Background: Seasonal influenza is significantly associated with high morbidity and mortality. Vaccination of healthcare workers (HCWs), who represent a high-risk group, is a crucial preventive measure to reduce the spread of outbreaks and the severity of disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of influenza vaccine acceptance and uptake, as well as the determinants influencing these factors among HCWs in Chongqing, China. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among community HCWs aged ≥ 22 years from July 15, 2021 to September 30, 2021. An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and key factors of HCWs regarding vaccination acceptance and recommendation to patients. Parametric and nonparametric statistical analyses were performed with the use of the Statistical Program for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.0. Result: The coverage rate for the seasonal influenza vaccination in Chongqing HCWs was 46.2% in the 2020–2021 seasons. HCWs who were females (OR: 2.10 95% CI: 1.54–2.85), had influenza experience (OR:1.98 95% 1.27–3.11), without influenza vaccination hesitancy (IVH) (OR:2.10 95% 1.58–2.79), and/or in a vaccination-promoted community (OR:6.50 95% 3.99–10.60) would be more likely to be vaccinated. HCWs who were vaccinated in 2020–2021 (OR: 8.48 95% 6.03–11.93), without IVH (OR: 4.15 95% 2.91–5.90), and/or in a vaccination-promoted community (OR: 2.08 95%1.37–3.16) would be more willing to be vaccinated. HCWs who were with knowledge scores ≥ 4 (OR: 2.58 95% 1.30–5.13), without IVH (OR: 2.33 95% 1.05–5.13), were in a vaccination-promoted community (OR: 2.65 95% 1.51–4.65), and/or with vaccination willingness (OR: 4.32 95% 2.16–8.64) would be more likely to recommend vaccination to patients. Conclusion: The influenza vaccination rate among Chongqing HCWs increased in the 2020–2021 season but remained relatively low. It is critical to improve knowledge of influenza and its vaccine among HCWs, implement activities to moderate their IVH and expand the free vaccination policy, and interventional measures aiming to promote influenza vaccination.

Epidemiological evidence on the association between Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and lung cancer risk is limited. Meanwhile, whether inflammation can modify the association of GGT-lung cancer remains unknown. We assessed the relationship of GGT-lung cancer and modification effects of inflammation biomarkers in 412,634 participants from UK Biobank using Cox models and interactive analysis. This study founds participants in the top quartile of GGT level had an increased risk of lung cancer by 45.1% (HR, 1.451; 95% CI, 1.299–1.621; p < 0.001) compared to those in the bottom quartile. Positive associations were also observed between inflammation biomarkers (lymphocyte, neutrophil, platelet, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index, white blood cell [WBC], C-reactive protein [CRP]) and lung cancer risk. Meanwhile, we observed the WBC and CRP served varying modification effects on the GGT-lung cancer associations (p_interaction <0.01). As WBC level increased, the HR of GGT for lung cancer tended to increase and then decrease. However, with an increase in CRP, the HR for GGT-lung cancer significantly declined. Circulating GGT is positively associated with lung cancer. Inflammation biomarkers have mixed modification effects on the association between GGT and lung cancer. Attention should be paid to the prediction of lung cancer by WBC and CRP combined with GGT.

Objective To examine the relationship between self-reported snoring and hyperuricaemia in a large-scale population in Chongqing, China. Setting Face-to-face electronic questionnaire survey, physical examination and biological sample testing were conducted in 13 districts of Chongqing. Chongqing is a municipality in southwest China. Participants In this study, 23 308 Han ethnicity permanent residents aged 30–79 years were recruited. Individuals missing data were excluded, 22 389 subjects were included in final analysis. Primary and secondary outcome measures Serum uric acid (UA) was measured using an oxidase method. Hyperuricaemia was defined as serum UA >420 µmol/L in men and >360 µmol/L in women. Information about self-reported snoring was obtained by questionnaire survey. All participants were divided into ‘no snoring’ ‘snoring occasionally’ and ‘snoring frequently’. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the relationship between self-reported snoring and hyperuricaemia. Results The prevalence of hyperuricaemia was 14.43%, and snorers were more likely to have hyperuricaemia than non-snorer in different age and gender groups. For the total population, those who snore occasionally or frequently were more likely to be hyperuricaemia (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.31; OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.19 to 1.47) compared with no snoring people. Stratification by age, gender and body mass index (BMI), we found that the positive association between snoring frequently and hyperuricaemia was insisted in different age, gender and high BMI groups, and the strength of association varied with different age, gender and BMI category. Conclusion Snoring frequency was positively associated with higher risk of hyperuricaemia. Snoring frequently may be a signal for hyperuricaemia, especially for women, those over 59 years of age, or those who are overweight or obese.

This study aimed to explore the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of lung cancer by combining the a priori Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) with a posteriori dietary patterns identified through factor analysis using a prospective cohort study. A total of 189,561 participants from the UK Biobank were included. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire. Spearman’s correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between the DII and dietary pattern scores. Cox proportional hazards regression models were employed to quantify the relationships between the DII, dietary pattern scores, and lung cancer risk, adjusting for various confounding factors. During a median follow-up of 9.45 years, 1041 participants developed lung cancer. A moderate negative correlation was observed between the DII and the fruits and vegetables dietary pattern score, with a Spearman’s rho of − 0.59 (P < 0.01). In the fully adjusted models, a higher DII was associated with a higher risk of lung cancer (HR _{T3 vs. T1}: 1.17; 95%CI: 1.00,1.36; P for trend = 0.035). The fruits and vegetables dietary pattern was associated with a lower risk of lung cancer (HR _{T3 vs. T1}: 0.78; 95%CI: 0.67, 0.91; P for trend = 0.002). Notably, the cereals and processed foods dietary pattern showed no significant association with lung cancer risk (HR _{T3 vs. T1}: 0.97; 95%CI: 0.83, 1.12; P for trend = 0.658). Meanwhile, the highest tertile of the meat dietary pattern score was associated with a 18% higher risk of lung cancer than the lowest (HR _{T3 vs. T1}: 1.18; 95%CI: 1.02, 1.37; P for trend = 0.046). A higher dietary inflammatory index is associated with a higher risk of lung cancer. Adherence to the fruits and vegetables dietary pattern may be linked to a lower inflammatory potential of the diet and thus potentially correspond to a lower risk of lung cancer.

Introduction: Concerns about post-cessation weight gain might influence the attempts to quit smoking. The knowledge about post-cessation weight gain, the post-cessation weight concerns, and their relationship to smoking quit intention have not been thoroughly studied in the Chinese population....