This page has only limited features, please log in for full access.
The historic pandemic faced by the international community today boldly demonstrates the complexity and interconnectedness of the resource challenges we must better understand and address in the future. Further complexity is observed when accounting for the impact of compounded shocks related to natural disasters and forced migration around the world. Effectively addressing these challenges requires the development of research that cuts across disciplines and innovates at their interfaces, in order to develop multifaceted solutions that respond to the social, economic, technological, and policy dimensions of these challenges. Water, energy, and food systems are tightly interconnected. They are faced with pressures of varying natures and levels of urgency which need to be better understood, especially as nations work toward achieving the UN 2030 Agenda’s Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. This paper will review existing models and knowledge gaps related to water-energy-food (WEF) nexus models, as well as models for quantifying the impact of migration, pandemics, and natural disasters on this resource nexus. Specifically, this paper will: (1) explore the WEF nexus literature and identify gaps in current assessment tools and models; (2) explore the literature on tools and models for predicting the shocks of migration, natural disasters, and pandemics; (3) identify interconnections between water, energy, and food systems and the identified shocks; (4) develop a common framework that provides a road map for integrating those shocks in WEF nexus analysis; (5) provide recommendations for future research and policies moving forward.
Bassel Daher; Silva Hamie; Konstantinos Pappas; Mohammad Nahidul Karim; Tessa Thomas. Toward Resilient Water-Energy-Food Systems under Shocks: Understanding the Impact of Migration, Pandemics, and Natural Disasters. Sustainability 2021, 13, 9402 .
AMA StyleBassel Daher, Silva Hamie, Konstantinos Pappas, Mohammad Nahidul Karim, Tessa Thomas. Toward Resilient Water-Energy-Food Systems under Shocks: Understanding the Impact of Migration, Pandemics, and Natural Disasters. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (16):9402.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBassel Daher; Silva Hamie; Konstantinos Pappas; Mohammad Nahidul Karim; Tessa Thomas. 2021. "Toward Resilient Water-Energy-Food Systems under Shocks: Understanding the Impact of Migration, Pandemics, and Natural Disasters." Sustainability 13, no. 16: 9402.
Bassel Daher; David Zelinka. Water-Energy-Food Interconnections: Methods, Tools, and Cross-Sectoral Decision Making. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals 2021, 1 -12.
AMA StyleBassel Daher, David Zelinka. Water-Energy-Food Interconnections: Methods, Tools, and Cross-Sectoral Decision Making. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. 2021; ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBassel Daher; David Zelinka. 2021. "Water-Energy-Food Interconnections: Methods, Tools, and Cross-Sectoral Decision Making." Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals , no. : 1-12.
In pursuit of continuous economic development, Bangladesh has undertaken long-term plans to boost its productivity in the agriculture, energy, and industrial sectors and to align with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Unless these strong interconnections and cross sectoral impacts are recognized, achievement of the future policy goals and national priorities of the concerned ministries regarding food self-sufficiency, cleaner energy sources, and water availability will be compromised. This study focuses on evaluating the impacts of cross-sectoral policy decisions on the interconnected resource systems at a national scale in Bangladesh. A quantitative analysis is performed to identify resource requirements, synergies, and trade-offs related to a set of future strategies. The analysis concludes by showing that land is the most limiting resource for future expansion and that fresh water will become a critical resource if alternative sources of water are not explored, and, that energy generation, if coal and other fossil fuels are favored over alternative energy sources, will significantly add to the total carbon emissions. Given the limitations of land available for agricultural expansion, of renewable water resources, and the challenges in meeting increasing water, energy, and food demands, the strong interdependencies among the interconnected resource systems must be accounted for. The SDG and national priority indicators are found to improve under scenarios for which resources are conserved via alternative sources.
Mohammad Nahidul Karim; Bassel Daher. Evaluating the Potential of a Water-Energy-Food Nexus Approach toward the Sustainable Development of Bangladesh. Water 2021, 13, 366 .
AMA StyleMohammad Nahidul Karim, Bassel Daher. Evaluating the Potential of a Water-Energy-Food Nexus Approach toward the Sustainable Development of Bangladesh. Water. 2021; 13 (3):366.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMohammad Nahidul Karim; Bassel Daher. 2021. "Evaluating the Potential of a Water-Energy-Food Nexus Approach toward the Sustainable Development of Bangladesh." Water 13, no. 3: 366.
In the past decade, research on interconnected resource challenges has primarily focused on quantifying physical resource interconnections, and there is a growing focus on the social, economic, and policy dimensions of these interconnections. While the nature of the complexity of interconnected resource challenges resulted in emphasizing the need for inter- and trans-disciplinary research and in increased collaboration between research groups, little work has examined the convergence of perspectives between the research groups and their respective stakeholders. This paper focuses on the San Antonio Region of Texas: a resource hotspot characterized by rapid urbanization, increased energy production in the Eagle Ford Shale Play, and growing agricultural activity. The paper reports on a survey sent to 370 researchers and regional stakeholders from governmental, non-governmental/non-profit, and business organizations in the Region’s water, energy, or food sectors. The study goals were to 1) evaluate levels of convergence in perspectives regarding the water, energy, and food challenges in the Region; 2) quantify existing levels of communication of both researchers and regional stakeholders with identified WEF organizations in the region; and 3)identify barriers to and opportunities for improving communication between the WEF organizations and the researchers involved. The authors found aspects of convergence between surveyed regional stakeholders and researchers. Aspects of convergence exist between both groups regarding the potential of different Texas Development Water Board strategies to address future water challenges. Modest levels of communication were reported between surveyed researchers and regional stakeholders with other identified WEF organizations. Both groups converge on the potential roles of “increased communication” and “sharing information between agencies” as a means to improve cooperation to address interconnected resource challenges. To make this possible, institutional mechanisms and resource allocations for such activities must be revisited.
Bassel Daher; Bryce Hannibal; Rabi H. Mohtar; Kent Portney. Toward understanding the convergence of researcher and stakeholder perspectives related to water-energy-food (WEF) challenges: The case of San Antonio, Texas. Environmental Science & Policy 2019, 104, 20 -35.
AMA StyleBassel Daher, Bryce Hannibal, Rabi H. Mohtar, Kent Portney. Toward understanding the convergence of researcher and stakeholder perspectives related to water-energy-food (WEF) challenges: The case of San Antonio, Texas. Environmental Science & Policy. 2019; 104 ():20-35.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBassel Daher; Bryce Hannibal; Rabi H. Mohtar; Kent Portney. 2019. "Toward understanding the convergence of researcher and stakeholder perspectives related to water-energy-food (WEF) challenges: The case of San Antonio, Texas." Environmental Science & Policy 104, no. : 20-35.
Social changes such as growing population, urbanization, globalization, and economic growth, compounded with uncertainties due to climate change are expected to result in substantial shifts in the demand for food, energy, and water. Food, energy and water resource systems are tightly interconnected. Addressing challenges facing any of these resource systems requires a holistic understanding and quantification of the existing interdependencies and trade-offs. This study is aimed at analyzing FEW nexus modeling tools with a specific focus on addressing issues of water management through a nexus lens. In particular, an exploratory approach is taken to assess available FEW nexus modeling tools to determine their accessibility, knowledge gaps, and potential for including aspects that provide better insight into the nexus such as water quality, futuristic scenarios due to climate change, and varying scales within the nexus. A case study in an agricultural watershed in northeastern Indiana is presented which builds on the WEF Nexus Tool 2.0 framework and assessment criteria. For this case study, spatial and temporal analysis based on SWAT was implemented. This provided a water quality component to the framework enabling a more representative analysis of the FEW nexus.
Val Z. Schull; Bassel Daher; Margaret W. Gitau; Sushant Mehan; Dennis C. Flanagan. Analyzing FEW nexus modeling tools for water resources decision-making and management applications. Food and Bioproducts Processing 2019, 119, 108 -124.
AMA StyleVal Z. Schull, Bassel Daher, Margaret W. Gitau, Sushant Mehan, Dennis C. Flanagan. Analyzing FEW nexus modeling tools for water resources decision-making and management applications. Food and Bioproducts Processing. 2019; 119 ():108-124.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVal Z. Schull; Bassel Daher; Margaret W. Gitau; Sushant Mehan; Dennis C. Flanagan. 2019. "Analyzing FEW nexus modeling tools for water resources decision-making and management applications." Food and Bioproducts Processing 119, no. : 108-124.
The San Antonio Region is home to a rapidly growing population with developing energy and agricultural sectors competing for water, land, and financial resources. Despite the tight interconnectedness between water, energy, and food challenges, little is known about the levels of communication and coordination among the various officials responsible for making the decisions that affect the management and planning of the three resource systems. It has been postulated that efficient communication is a prerequisite to developing resource allocation strategies that avoid potential unintended negative consequences that could result from inefficient allocation of natural resources and competing demands. Factors that may impact communication are identified and their potential roles are considered in improving existing levels of communication between San Antonio's water officials and those at other energy, food, and water institutions in the San Antonio Region. A questionnaire designed to gather information on stakeholder concerns, frequency of communication, and participation in engagement forums was sent to public water officials in the Region. Using social network analysis and bivariate Ordinary Least Square regression analysis, the authors conclude that while modest levels of communication exist among water institutions, a very low level of communication exists between water institutions and those responsible for food and energy. It was further concluded that the frequency of communication among officials at different water institutions is higher among those that participated in stakeholder engagement activities. However, there is insufficient evidence to suggest that participation in stakeholder engagement activities improves communication frequency between water stakeholders and those in the food and energy sectors. There is also insufficient evidence to conclude that people at water institutions in San Antonio would have a higher frequency of communication with other water, energy, and food stakeholder in correlation with a higher level of concern about future water availability in the Region.
Bassel Daher; Bryce Hannibal; Kent E. Portney; Rabi H. Mohtar. Toward creating an environment of cooperation between water, energy, and food stakeholders in San Antonio. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 651, 2913 -2926.
AMA StyleBassel Daher, Bryce Hannibal, Kent E. Portney, Rabi H. Mohtar. Toward creating an environment of cooperation between water, energy, and food stakeholders in San Antonio. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 651 ():2913-2926.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBassel Daher; Bryce Hannibal; Kent E. Portney; Rabi H. Mohtar. 2018. "Toward creating an environment of cooperation between water, energy, and food stakeholders in San Antonio." Science of The Total Environment 651, no. : 2913-2926.
Approaching water, energy, and food, as interconnected system of systems, as an alternative to traditional silo-based resources planning and management approaches continues to fall short of expectations of its research-backed benefits. The lack of nexus applications in policy and decision making can be related to numerous factors, with the main barrier being the complex nature of “nexus” systems combined with the disarray of tools attempting to model its interconnections. The paper aims to provide a method for comparing the perceived complexity of nexus tools identified by international organizations as well as primary literature sources. Eight separate criteria are introduced and discussed as measures of a tool “complexity index” and used to score the relative simplicity, or complexity, of a given tool. The result of this process is used to identify trends within existing nexus-assessment tools while guiding potential users towards appropriate tool(s) best-suited for their case study needs and objectives. The main objectives of this paper are to: 1) categorize nexus assessment tools according to a criteria-set which allows for suitable tool selection; 2) identify a method for rapid evaluation of the trade-offs for choosing different tools (simple-complex spectrum). The results of the comparative analysis of the selected nexus assessment tools concur with literature citing a growing gap between nexus research and applications in actual policy and decision-making settings. Furthermore, results suggest that tools receiving higher complexity scores, while being able to capture details to specific resource interactions, are unable to cover a larger number of interactions and system components simultaneously, as compared to lower complexity score tools. Lastly, the outcome of the analysis point towards the need for integrating more preliminary assessment capabilities, i.e. diagnostics, guidelines, and capacity building, into existing tools that improve the communication and translation of model outputs into policy and decision-making.
Jennifer Dargin; Bassel Daher; Rabi H. Mohtar. Complexity versus simplicity in water energy food nexus (WEF) assessment tools. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 650, 1566 -1575.
AMA StyleJennifer Dargin, Bassel Daher, Rabi H. Mohtar. Complexity versus simplicity in water energy food nexus (WEF) assessment tools. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 650 ():1566-1575.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJennifer Dargin; Bassel Daher; Rabi H. Mohtar. 2018. "Complexity versus simplicity in water energy food nexus (WEF) assessment tools." Science of The Total Environment 650, no. : 1566-1575.
Moving resource management and allocation away from sectoral silos to a paradigm founded in integration and leveraging cross-sectoral and trans-disciplinary synergies will result in expanded opportunities for economic development and improved social well-being (Mohtar, 2017; Mohtar and Daher, 2017). Interventions to address complex resource challenges must identify opportunities while cognizant of holistic, system level trade-offs (Daher and Mohtar, 2015; Daher et al., 2018a, b, c). These interventions must be contextualized locally: Texas has spatially varied water scarcity, energy resource abundance, and rapid population growth; in the northeastern United States water quality, drainage, and extreme weather events pose far greater challenges. While the overall system-of-systems quantification of water, energy, food and other interconnected systems remains similar across hotspots, the solutions to the challenges posed within each hotspot are bound by local knowledge, physical resource constraints, and governance challenges. This paper introduces the experience of the Texas A&M University Water-Energy-Food Nexus Initiative (WEFNI) in creating a University wide, three-year investigatory experience in which an interdisciplinary group addressed the resource challenges facing the San Antonio region. This Science of the Total Environment (STOTEN) Special Issue documents, in 9 distinct, yet complementary, research articles, the multiple dimensions of this resource hotspot. This paper reflects on the process of creating interdisciplinary teams and presents an overview of the questions and research conducted under thematic foci: data and modeling, trade-off analysis, water for food, water for energy, and governance. Lessons learned from the interdisciplinary experience are presented; potentially transferrable to addressing other resource hotspots within the US, and globally.
Rabi H. Mohtar; Bassel Daher. Lessons learned: Creating an interdisciplinary team and using a nexus approach to address a resource hotspot. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 650, 105 -110.
AMA StyleRabi H. Mohtar, Bassel Daher. Lessons learned: Creating an interdisciplinary team and using a nexus approach to address a resource hotspot. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 650 ():105-110.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRabi H. Mohtar; Bassel Daher. 2018. "Lessons learned: Creating an interdisciplinary team and using a nexus approach to address a resource hotspot." Science of The Total Environment 650, no. : 105-110.
The 2017 Texas Water Development Board's State Water Plan predicts a 41% gap between water demand and existing supply by 2070. This reflects an overall projection, but the challenge will affect various regions of the state differently. Texas has 16 regional water planning zones characterized by distinct populations, water demands, and existing water supplies. Each is expected to face variations of pressures, such as increased agricultural and energy development (particularly hydraulic fracturing) and urban growth that do not necessarily follow the region's water plan. Great variability in resource distribution and competing resource demands across Texas will result in the emergence of distinct hotspots, each with unique characteristics that require multiple, localized, interventions to bridge the statewide water gap. This study explores three such hotspots: 1) water-food competition in Lubbock and the potential of producing 3 billion gallons of treated municipal waste water and encouraging dryland agriculture; 2) implementing Low Impact Developments (LIDs) for agriculture in the City of San Antonio, potentially adding 47 billion gallons of water supply, but carrying a potentially high financial cost; and 3) water-energy interrelations in the Eagle Ford Shale in light of well counts, climate dynamics, and population growth. The growing water gap is a state wide problem that requires holistic assessments that capture the impact on the tightly interconnected water, energy, and food systems. Better understanding the trade-offs associated with each ‘solution’ and enabling informed dialogue between stakeholders, offers a basis for formulating localized policy recommendations specific to each hotspot.
Bassel Daher; Sang-Hyun Lee; Vishakha Kaushik; John Blake; Mohammad H. Askariyeh; Hamid Shafiezadeh; Sonia Zamaripa; Rabi H. Mohtar. Towards bridging the water gap in Texas: A water-energy-food nexus approach. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 647, 449 -463.
AMA StyleBassel Daher, Sang-Hyun Lee, Vishakha Kaushik, John Blake, Mohammad H. Askariyeh, Hamid Shafiezadeh, Sonia Zamaripa, Rabi H. Mohtar. Towards bridging the water gap in Texas: A water-energy-food nexus approach. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 647 ():449-463.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBassel Daher; Sang-Hyun Lee; Vishakha Kaushik; John Blake; Mohammad H. Askariyeh; Hamid Shafiezadeh; Sonia Zamaripa; Rabi H. Mohtar. 2018. "Towards bridging the water gap in Texas: A water-energy-food nexus approach." Science of The Total Environment 647, no. : 449-463.
This research investigates the relation between water, energy, and transportation systems, using the growing hydraulic fracturing activity in the Eagle Ford shale play region of southwest Texas in which the local water systems and road infrastructure were not designed for the frequent transport of water into the production site and of produced gas and oil from the site as are often required for hydraulic fracturing. The research: 1) quantifies the interconnections between water, energy, and transportation systems specific to the Eagle Ford shale region; 2) identifies and quantifies the economic, social, and environmental indicators to evaluate scenarios of oil and gas production; and 3) develops a framework for analysis of the economic, societal, and long term sustainability of the sectors and 4) an assessment tool (WET Tool) that estimates several economic indicators: oil and natural gas production, direct and indirect tax revenues, and average wages for each scenario facilitates the holistic assessment of oil and gas production scenarios and their associated trade-offs between them. Additionally, the Tool evaluates these social and environmental indices, (water demand, emissions, water tanker traffic, accidents, road deterioration, and expected average employment times). Scale of production is derived from the price of oil and gas; government revenues from production fluctuations in relation to rise and fall of the oil and gas market prices. While the economic benefits are straightforward, the social costs of shale development (water consumption, carbon emissions, and transportation/infrastructure factors), are difficult to quantify. The tool quantifies and assesses potential scenario outcomes, providing an aid to decision makers in the public and private sectors that allows increased understanding of the implications of each scenario for each sector by summarizing projected outcomes to allow evaluation of the scenarios and comparison of choices and facilitate the essential dialogue between these sectors.
Rabi H. Mohtar; Hamid Shafiezadeh; John Blake; Bassel Daher. Economic, social, and environmental evaluation of energy development in the Eagle Ford shale play. Science of The Total Environment 2018, 646, 1601 -1614.
AMA StyleRabi H. Mohtar, Hamid Shafiezadeh, John Blake, Bassel Daher. Economic, social, and environmental evaluation of energy development in the Eagle Ford shale play. Science of The Total Environment. 2018; 646 ():1601-1614.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRabi H. Mohtar; Hamid Shafiezadeh; John Blake; Bassel Daher. 2018. "Economic, social, and environmental evaluation of energy development in the Eagle Ford shale play." Science of The Total Environment 646, no. : 1601-1614.
Raya Marina Stephan; Rabi H. Mohtar; Bassel Daher; Antonio Embid Irujo; Astrid Hillers; J. Carl Ganter; Louise Karlberg; Liber Martin; Saeed Nairizi; Diego J. Rodríguez; Will Sarni. Water–energy–food nexus: a platform for implementing the Sustainable Development Goals. Water International 2018, 43, 472 -479.
AMA StyleRaya Marina Stephan, Rabi H. Mohtar, Bassel Daher, Antonio Embid Irujo, Astrid Hillers, J. Carl Ganter, Louise Karlberg, Liber Martin, Saeed Nairizi, Diego J. Rodríguez, Will Sarni. Water–energy–food nexus: a platform for implementing the Sustainable Development Goals. Water International. 2018; 43 (3):472-479.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRaya Marina Stephan; Rabi H. Mohtar; Bassel Daher; Antonio Embid Irujo; Astrid Hillers; J. Carl Ganter; Louise Karlberg; Liber Martin; Saeed Nairizi; Diego J. Rodríguez; Will Sarni. 2018. "Water–energy–food nexus: a platform for implementing the Sustainable Development Goals." Water International 43, no. 3: 472-479.
The challenge of meeting increasing water, energy, and food needs is linked not only to growing demands globally, but also to the growing interdependency between these interconnected resource systems. Pressures on these systems will emerge to become hotspots with different characteristics, and will require a fresh look at the challenges existing both within each of the resource systems and at their respective interfaces. Proposing solutions to address different resource hotspots must be multi-faceted and need to acknowledge the multiple dimensions of the biophysical water, energy, and food systems, and the players connected with them. This commentary first explores the multiple dimensions of water, energy, and food systems as these relate to government, business, and society. It then identifies contemporary critical questions at the interface of these stressed resource systems. A 3-Filter framework is then introduced for vetting the feasibility of proposed resource allocation scenarios and to account for the bio-physical resource interactions and trade-offs, the stakeholder interactions and trade-offs, and to address governance and financing schemes for carrying forward the implementation of those scenarios.
Bassel Daher; Rabi H. Mohtar; Efstratios N. Pistikopoulos; Kent E. Portney; Ronald Kaiser; Walid Saad. Developing Socio-Techno-Economic-Political (STEP) Solutions for Addressing Resource Nexus Hotspots. Sustainability 2018, 10, 512 .
AMA StyleBassel Daher, Rabi H. Mohtar, Efstratios N. Pistikopoulos, Kent E. Portney, Ronald Kaiser, Walid Saad. Developing Socio-Techno-Economic-Political (STEP) Solutions for Addressing Resource Nexus Hotspots. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (2):512.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBassel Daher; Rabi H. Mohtar; Efstratios N. Pistikopoulos; Kent E. Portney; Ronald Kaiser; Walid Saad. 2018. "Developing Socio-Techno-Economic-Political (STEP) Solutions for Addressing Resource Nexus Hotspots." Sustainability 10, no. 2: 512.
The goal of the case study is to provide an outline of the “governance” group’s approach to conducting research on nexus issues in this case study. A significant part of the Texas A&M Water-Energy-Food Nexus initiative focuses on issues of governance and public policy. The governance and public policy element of this initiative represents one potentially unique contribution to the applied scholarship on nexus issues writ large. Both as a significant research project in its own right, and as a proof-of-concept effort, the initiative has decided to engage in a significant collaborative research project centered on a San Antonio Region Case Study.
Kent E. Portney; Arnie Vedlitz; Garett Sansom; Philip Berke; Bassel Daher. Governance of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus: the Conceptual and Methodological Foundations for the San Antonio Region Case Study. Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports 2017, 4, 160 -167.
AMA StyleKent E. Portney, Arnie Vedlitz, Garett Sansom, Philip Berke, Bassel Daher. Governance of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus: the Conceptual and Methodological Foundations for the San Antonio Region Case Study. Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports. 2017; 4 (3):160-167.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKent E. Portney; Arnie Vedlitz; Garett Sansom; Philip Berke; Bassel Daher. 2017. "Governance of the Water-Energy-Food Nexus: the Conceptual and Methodological Foundations for the San Antonio Region Case Study." Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports 4, no. 3: 160-167.
Existing assessment and decision support tools have limited application to real-world food-energy-water (FEW) Nexus challenges. Integrated assessment approaches are often discipline-specific or highly theoretical, lacking grounding in real-world FEW issues. FEW systems require application of integrated techniques that address multiple attributes of trade-off analyses, dynamic and disparate datasets, and difficult decision contexts. Research must enable: appropriate tool sets matched with FEW Nexus hotspots; customizing existing tools to fit local specifics; compatibility between collected data and integrative nexus assessment tool needs; evaluation of these assessments through incorporation of stakeholder input and guidance forward for solution implementation. The core challenge is identification and design of a set of strategies that are robust under various future conditions (scenarios). Successful strategies must address natural, technological, and human system settings. Approaches that clarify the range of beneficial and potentially adverse trade-offs will support the identification of decisions and intervention options.
Bassel Daher; Walid Saad; Suzanne A. Pierce; Stephan Hülsmann; Rabi H. Mohtar. Trade-offs and Decision Support Tools for FEW Nexus-Oriented Management. Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports 2017, 4, 153 -159.
AMA StyleBassel Daher, Walid Saad, Suzanne A. Pierce, Stephan Hülsmann, Rabi H. Mohtar. Trade-offs and Decision Support Tools for FEW Nexus-Oriented Management. Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports. 2017; 4 (3):153-159.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBassel Daher; Walid Saad; Suzanne A. Pierce; Stephan Hülsmann; Rabi H. Mohtar. 2017. "Trade-offs and Decision Support Tools for FEW Nexus-Oriented Management." Current Sustainable/Renewable Energy Reports 4, no. 3: 153-159.
Rabi H. Mohtar; Bassel Daher. Water-Energy-Food Nexus Framework for facilitating multi-stakeholder dialogue. Water International 2016, 41, 655 -661.
AMA StyleRabi H. Mohtar, Bassel Daher. Water-Energy-Food Nexus Framework for facilitating multi-stakeholder dialogue. Water International. 2016; 41 (5):655-661.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRabi H. Mohtar; Bassel Daher. 2016. "Water-Energy-Food Nexus Framework for facilitating multi-stakeholder dialogue." Water International 41, no. 5: 655-661.
Bassel Daher; Rabi H. Mohtar. Water–energy–food (WEF) Nexus Tool 2.0: guiding integrative resource planning and decision-making. Water International 2015, 40, 748 -771.
AMA StyleBassel Daher, Rabi H. Mohtar. Water–energy–food (WEF) Nexus Tool 2.0: guiding integrative resource planning and decision-making. Water International. 2015; 40 (5-6):748-771.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBassel Daher; Rabi H. Mohtar. 2015. "Water–energy–food (WEF) Nexus Tool 2.0: guiding integrative resource planning and decision-making." Water International 40, no. 5-6: 748-771.