The immune and antioxidant genetic factors that could converse with mastitis susceptibility in dromedary camels were looked at in this research. Of 120 female dromedary camels (60 healthy, and 60 with mastitis) were utilised. Each camel’s jugular vein was pierced to obtain five millilitres of blood. The blood was placed within tubes containing sodium fluoride or EDTA anticoagulants to obtain whole blood and extract DNA and RNA. The immunological (OTUD3, TLR2, TLR4, STAB2, MBL2, TRAPPC9, and C4A) and antioxidant (CAT, SOD3, PRDX6, OXSR1, NDUFS6, SERP2, and ST1P1) genes’ nucleotide sequence polymorphisms between healthy and mastitis affected she-camels were discovered using PCR-DNA sequencing. Fisher’s exact test revealed that camel groups with and without mastitis had noticeably different odds of all major nucleotide alterations propagating (p < 0.01). Mastitic camels were significantly more likely to express the OTUD3, TLR2, TLR4, STAB2, MBL2, TRAPPC9, C4A, OXSR1, SERP2, and ST1P1 genes (p < 0.05). However, CAT, SOD3, PRDX6, and NDUFS6 genes elicited a different pattern. The results may be used to develop management strategies and support the significance of nucleotide differences and gene expression patterns in these markers as indicators of the incidence of mastitis.

The immunological genes that may interact with inflammatory postpartum diseases in Italian buffaloes were examined in this study. A total number of 120 female Italian buffaloes (60 normal and 60 with inflammatory reproductive diseases) were employed. Each buffalo’s jugular vein was pierced to get five milliliters of blood. To obtain whole blood and extract DNA and RNA, the blood was placed within tubes containing sodium fluoride or EDTA anticoagulants. The immunological (IKBKG, LGALS, IL1B, CCL2, RANTES, MASP2, HMGB1, and S-LZ) genes’ nucleotide sequence differences between healthy buffaloes and buffaloes affected by inflammatory reproductive diseases were found by employing PCR-DNA sequencing. According to Fisher’s exact test (p ˂ 0.01), there were noticeably different probabilities of all major nucleotide changes spreading among buffalo groups with and without reproductive problems. Buffaloes were significantly more likely to express the examined genes when they had inflammatory reproductive diseases. The outcomes might support the significance of these markers’ nucleotide variations and gene expression patterns as indicators of the prevalence of inflammatory reproductive disorders and provide a workable buffalo management policy.