The general practice of sheep farmers in gastrointestinal helminth control is based on the use of commercial drugs, making chemoresistance very common. Considering this, our study focused on the biological control of gastrointestinal parasitism using high-tannin plant hay. Three groups of 30 animals each were formed. The control group was additionally fed meadow hay, while the other two groups received chicory (group 2) and bird’s foot trefoil hay (group 3). The number of gastrointestinal strongyle eggs, shed through faeces (EPG), was surveyed for 28 days for all animals. The amounts of total tannins for meadow, chicory, and Lotus corniculatus hay supplements were 13.92 mg/g, 78.59 mg/g, and 94.43 mg/g, while their condensed tannin contents were 2.58 mg/g, 29.84 mg/g, and 15.94 mg/g, respectively. Compared to experimental day 0, there was an increase in EPG of 80.83% in the control group, a decrease of 24.72% in group 2, and a 20% decrease in group 3, by day 28. The p-value was <0.05 between group 1 and the other groups, showing significant differences between the control and experimental groups. The decrease in EPG rates in the experimental groups compared to the control group demonstrates an antiparasitic effect of Lotus corniculatus and chicory.

Following their immunisation and infection with a VSHI-CN-6 viral strain, a group of 15 rabbits were examined in a study of Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease (RHD). Serum samples were collected from the external ear vein at 0, 15, 30 and 60 days post-immunisation. The recorded platelet numbers were closer to the lower physiological limit, indicating a mild thrombocytopenia, with values ranging from 26.6 to 30.43×104/mm3. The phagocytic index revealed significant differences (P<0.001) between the mean values obtained before vaccination (day 0) and the 3 post-vaccination measurements, confirming the increase in phagocytic capacity after immunisation. Additionally, the serum lysozyme average value equalled 9.14 mg/mL post-vaccination. The analysis of variance revealed significant statistical differences (P<0.05) between the average values obtained before vaccination (0) and the post-vaccination values, measured on day 14 and 30, respectively. The morphology of the samples collected from the main organs involved in immune protection, spleen and gastric and portal lymph nodes highlighted changes corresponding to the post-vaccination immunological response. The white pulp of the spleen appeared as a diffuse lymphoid tissue, presenting with primary and secondary lymphoid follicles. The ratio of white/red pulp was in favour of the white pulp and multiple lymphoid follicles were present, indicating their reactivation. In the medullary area of gastric and portal lymph nodes, narrow lymphoid cords, circumscribed by relatively large lymphatic sinuses, and well defined lymphocytolysis were observed. Moreover, the exudate and lymphoid follicles during activation were noted in the cortical area. Furthermore, the inflammatory processes were identified, morphologically manifested by the thickening of connective tissue in the lymph node capsule, dilacerations of the connective fibres and the presence of light acidophilic serous exudate with rare inflammatory cells (serous lymphoreticulitis).

Background: several authors have documented variations in local temperature in both horses and dogs presenting acute intervertebral disc extrusion (IVDE) along the entire spinal column. However, none have demonstrated distinct temperature differences between healthy animals and those with IVDE. A retrospective study was conducted to assess the efficacy of thermography at evaluating local temperature and thermal patterns in healthy dogs as well in those with IVDE across the T11–L3 area. Methods: the study included 20 healthy dogs and 32 dogs with IVDE. For both groups of dogs, the thoracolumbar region was trimmed and, subsequently, scanned using the Flir E50 thermography device. The Flir Tool software was used to analyze three designated areas (Bx1, Bx2, Bx3) within the thoracolumbar region by comparing the average temperature of the minimum, maximum, and mean temperature recordings between the two groups. Results: the thermal pattern and the local temperature of the thoracolumbar area present differences between healthy dogs and those with IVDE. Conclusions: we recommend thermographic scanning of the thoracolumbar area to find differences in local temperature between healthy dogs and those with intervertebral disc extrusion. Further investigations are required to differentiate between disc extrusion that exhibits lateralization to the right or left.

10 cases of histopathologically suggestive lesions for parvovirus in the canine species were examined by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex. For this, a mouse monoclonal antibody was used. Following the immunohistochemical examination, positive results were obtained in 80% (8 dogs) of processed samples. The most frequent positive immunohistochemical reaction was observed in macrophages, lymphocytes, necrotic cells of the intestinal crypt, evidence of parvoviral antigen is reliable for determining the etiology of the disease if parvovirus is suspected on the basis of the lesions. In order to perform the diagnostic immunohistochemical procedure, the strepto-avidin-biotin-peroxidase method was used, using the monoclonal antibody. It is of murine origin. Negative cases of parvovirus by immunohistochemical examination show the existence of other causes that produce the same lesions; coronaviruses, rotaviruses or coronaviruses associated with clostridium perfringens which may cause intestinal necrosis of the crypt. All dog breeds can do this disease, but in the Poodle breed the disease has been more common. Sex is not a criterion of receptivity, but in proportion of over 60% were affected females. Regarding the seasonal evolution, the disease is more common in the winter period compared to the other seasons.

Adrian Stancu, Alina Ghise, Marius Pentea, Dana Emilia Velimirovici, Sorin Pasca, Liliana Carpinisan, Romeo Teodor Cristina - Hematoxylin - eosin- Staining in a Dog Polyarteritys Nodosa

Kidney insufficiency represents one of the most common and life-threatening disorders affecting companion animals, particularly dogs and cats. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, the clinical manifestations, and therapeutic approaches associated with renal insufficiency in canine and feline patients. The research was conducted in a veterinary clinic from southern Romania, over a four-year period, and included a total of 30 patients diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD), comprising 16 dogs and 14 cats. Diagnosis was established based on clinical examination and laboratory investigations, particularly serum creatinine and urea levels. The highest prevalence of CKD was observed in animals aged 11–20 years, confirming the strong correlation between age and renal pathology. Females were more frequently affected in both species, accounting for 75% of canine and 71% of feline cases. Most patients exhibited elevated biochemical parameters, with creatinine values exceeding 5 mg/dl predominantly in females, while nearly all animals presented urea levels above normal reference ranges. Statistical analysis of the collected data revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05) regarding the evaluated clinical manifestations (polydipsia, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation) or serum creatinine and urea values in relation to sex or age group. Anorexia showed borderline statistical significance (p = 0.045), suggesting its potential importance as an early clinical indicator. Diarrhea and constipation were also recorded but showed no statistically significant association with renal insufficiency (p > 0.05). Therapeutic management commonly included antibiotics, antiemetics, gastric protectants, analgesics, vitamin supplementation, fluid therapy, renal support products, and diuretics when necessary. Given the higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease observed in females, closer clinical monitoring and regular screening are recommended for this group. Early detection strategies should be encouraged, particularly in animals presenting anorexia, a clinical sign that showed borderline statistical significance and may serve as an important indicator in the early diagnosis of renal insufficiency.