Aim: In this study, the effects of the addiction level of smartphone use in university students on the range of motion and proprioception of the dominant hand, wrist range of motion (ROM), and thumb ROM were investigated. Material and Methods: Wrist and thumb ROMs were measured with a manual goniometer with a sensitivity of 1 degree, and hand grip strength was measured with a hand grip dynamometer in a total of 100 volunteer university students with a mean age of 18-25. Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Form (SAS-SF) and Patient Rated Wrist and Hand Evaluation (PRWHE) questionnaire were applied to the students. Statistical analyzes were made using the SPSS 25 program. Results: The students’ usage time of smartphones and addiction levels do not affect the hand grip strength; the increase in smartphone addiction statistically correlates with the right thumb flexion (0.016) and abduction ROMs (0.015), statistically correlated with increased pain level in daily life and statistically correlated with the decrease of the wrist radial deviation ROM (0.009). As the duration of smartphone use increases, the error rate in right thumb abduction proprioception statistically increases (0.027). In addition, we determined the statistically correlations in both thumb flexion and abduction movements. Conclusion: We determined that the excessive usage of smartphones affects the ROM of thumb flexion and abduction, the ROM of wrist radial deviation, and the proprioception of thumb abduction, and it does not affect the hand grip strength. The findings of our research will be a source for future studies.

Background/Objectives: Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a non-progressive clinical condition characterized by secondary issues, including speech impairments. Our study aims to evaluate the volumes of brain areas related to speech in patients diagnosed with CP between the ages of 0–17. Methods: this study includes the images of 84 children: 42 in the control group who applied to the hospital between the specified dates and were reported as healthy by MRI from the patient records, and 42 patients with CP. Results: in the CP group, white and gray matter, cerebrum, cerebellum, thalamus, lobus frontalis, lobus temporalis, lobus parietalis, lobus insularis, gyrus cinguli, and nuclei basales volumes were observed to decrease statistically significantly compared to the control group (p ˂ 0.001). Conclusions: we found a significant decrease in the volumes of speech-related brain areas in CP patients, indicating that CP can significantly impact the brain’s speech-related regions.

Objective: Lead has been reported to cause oxidative stress in liver tissues and cause histopathological changes. Studies have shown that pomegranate juice has antioxidant properties that prevent oxidative stress. In this study, the harmful effects of lead acetate on rat liver tissue and the efficacy of pomegranate juice against these effects were investigated. Methods: 28 male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: control, lead acetate (50 mL/kg), pomegranate juice (1 mL/kg), and lead acetate + pomegranate juice (50 mL/kg+1 mL/kg). Lead acetate and pomegranate juice were administered orally. Results: When compared with the control group, it was seen that the lead acetate had an increase in the malondialdehyde level and a decrease in reduced Glutathione, Glutathione S-transferase, and Carboxylesterases. Group lead acetate + pomegranate juice had a reduction in malondialdehyde level and an increase in Glutathione, Glutathione S-transferase, and Carboxylesterases compared with the group lead acetate. The lead level of group lead acetate + pomegranate juice decreased compared to the group lead acetate. Cellular degeneration and irregular hepatic cords were observed in group lead acetate's liver tissue, and the negative changes were lost in group lead acetate + pomegranate juice. Conclusion: It was observed that pomegranate juice had a protective effect against liver toxicity caused by lead acetate.

Aim: Radiological evaluation is frequently used in the evaluation of healthy individuals or patients. When performing radiological evaluations, certain anatomical reference regions and values must be known in order to discover anomalies or variations. In this study, it was aimed to bring new anatomical reference values, which have not been studied before, to the literature and clinical evaluation. Material and Method: This is a retrospective study that examines the patient archives in the Department of Radiology of Adıyaman University Training and Research Hospital. 57 women, 55 men, a total of 112 cases (age range 0-50 years) were included in the study. By using radiological measurements with Computed Tomography (CT); Manubrio-Sternal Angle (MSA), Manubrio-Vertebral Distance (MVD), Xipho-Vertebral Distance (XVD), Manubrio-Xiphoid Distance (MXD) were measured. Results: When the measurements were evaluated statistically, there was a significant gender difference in Louis angle (SA) and MVD values of the individuals participating in the study; There was a significant age-related difference in MXD and XVD values. Conclusion: With this study, some morphometric measurements of the thorax cavity are presented. It will contribute to the literature in determining the normal reference values of the thorax and adjacent structures. Knowing the normal anatomical structure in the clinic will contribute to the physician in the differentiation of pathologies, diagnosis.

Objective: The use of technological devices for more than a certain number of hours in daily life causes some anatomical changes in the human body. The aim of this study was to determine the changes that may occur in the range of motion in the wrist depending on the duration of computer use and to perform examinations on the wrist. Material and Method: In the study conducted on university students, a questionnaire was used to obtain demographic information, a tape measure, a manual muscle test, and a universal goniometer with a sensitivity of 1 degree, and measurements were made with 198 volunteer participants. The data and analysis of the study were performed and evaluated with SPSS (Statistical Program in Social Sciences) 25 program. Results: In this study conducted on university students, an increase in radial and ulnar deviation degrees due to computer use was found (p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between the groups (those who used computers for less than 3 hours and more than 3 hours) according to the E-sports (E: Electronic) status of the participants (p0.05). Conclusion: We believe that knowing the radial and ulnar goniometric angles of the wrist will guide clinicians in wrist fractures and wrist analysis.