Background/Objectives: Non-specific low back pain represents a high number of primary care consultations, generating a great social and economic cost. There is a higher prevalence in women, and it may be associated with multiple factors. One of the most innovative tools in rehabilitation is virtual reality-based therapy. Virtual reality positively affects the motivation of participants and generates greater adherence to treatment, so this factor could lead to long-term functional improvement. The objective of this review is to update the effectiveness of virtual reality programs on pain, disability, kinesiophobia, and changes in the thoracoabdominal musculature in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Methodology: PubMed, PEDro, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were used in this systematic review. The research question was formulated using PICOS. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was used. Inclusion criteria were randomized clinical trials, participants were men and/or women over 18 years of age who were diagnosed with chronic non-specific low back pain, and articles that included virtual reality as a treatment. Articles with a level of evidence lower than 5/10 on the PEDro scale were excluded. Results: A total of 14 studies were included with sample sizes between 34 and 188 participants. Studies showed significant improvements in pain reduction, kinesiophobia, and disability (inflammation and motor control). Some studies showed long-term benefits, with effects maintained up to 18 months post-intervention, especially in the reduction in pain and its interference with daily activities. Conclusions: The findings of this systematic review support the efficacy of virtual reality as an effective and safe therapeutic option for the treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain.

Background: Infant colic is a multifactorial syndrome for which various therapeutic strategies have been proposed. In this study, we evaluate the effectiveness of osteopathic manual therapy in treating symptoms related to infant colic. Method: A prospective, randomised, blinded clinical trial was conducted of patients diagnosed with infant colic. The treatment group were given osteopathic manual therapy, and their parents received two sessions of counselling. The control group received no such therapy, but their parents attended the same counselling sessions. The non-parametric Mann–Whitney U test was applied to determine whether there were significant differences between the groups for the numerical variables considered. For the qualitative variables, Fisher’s exact test was used. The threshold assumed for statistical significance was 0.05. Results: A total of 42 babies were assigned to each group. Those in the experimental group presented less severe infant colic with a trend towards statistical significance after the first session (p = 0.09). In sucking, excretion, eructation and gas there were no significant differences between the groups. Crying was a statistically significant dimension both after the first intervention (p = 0.03) and two weeks after (p = 0.04). Regurgitation values were significantly lower in the experimental group during the three weeks of follow-up (p = 0.05). Values for sleep were lower in the experimental group, but the differences were not statistically significant. In both groups, colic severity decreased over time, with no side effects. Conclusions: Treatment with osteopathic manual therapy alleviates the symptoms of infant colic and could be recommended for this purpose from the onset of the condition.

This quasi-experimental study assessed the impact of a postpartum educational programme on health care utilization and maternal stress in mothers of infants with colic. A total of 84 mothers took part in 2 individual sessions, 15 days apart. Maternal stress was measured at baseline and again at 3 months using Perceived Stress Questionnaire; colic severity was evaluated with Infant Colic Questionnaire Severity. Analyses included the Wilcoxon test, repeated-measures analysis and Spearman correlation. Maternal stress levels were not significantly related to colic severity, feeding type, childbirth type or the number of paediatric or emergency visits. However, we observed a statistically significant reduction in health care visits for excessive crying during the intervention period ( P < .01). Although the programme did not reduce maternal stress directly, mothers rated it highly satisfactory, and it effectively lowered unnecessary health care use. Early postpartum education and support programmes may enhance care quality and optimize health care resource utilization in primary care. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT 03326297

BACKGROUND Online reviews provide unsolicited accounts of health care experiences and may complement conventional patient-experience surveys. However, analyses based on overall sentiment can obscure the specific service domains discussed, while aspect-level approaches require distinction between detecting an entity and attributing sentiment to it. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to characterize service entities and lexical discourse patterns in online reviews of a regional public health care system, compare primary and hospital care, identify where negatively rated feedback was concentrated across facility types, and evaluate the lexical detection instrument. METHODS We conducted a retrospective observational analysis of 47,589 Google Maps reviews from 812 publicly funded health care facilities in Andalusia, Spain. Six service entities and seven complaint- or praise-related lexical markers were detected using a prespecified rule-based lexicon. Sentiment was assigned from review-level star ratings. Negative review burden was defined as the proportion of all reviews that both mentioned an entity and received a negative rating. Lexical-marker differences were estimated using facility-clustered logistic regression within sentiment strata. The final lexicon was validated against manual annotation of 400 reviews. RESULTS System/Management was the most frequently detected entity (42.6%) and had the highest negative review burden overall (37.3%, 95% CI 35.1%-39.5%) and across all nine facility types. Among negatively rated reviews, access-barrier formulations were more frequent in primary than hospital care (12.5% vs 2.2%; OR 6.47, 95% CI 4.57-9.15), whereas waiting-and-delay formulations were less frequent (5.6% vs 12.0%; OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.37-0.51). Among positively rated reviews, professionalism showed no statistically detectable difference (OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.86-1.13), while gratitude (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.38-0.54) and humanistic-care formulations (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.25-0.45) were less frequent in primary care. System/Management burden was highest in outpatient consultation centers (52.5%), health centers (46.0%), and local health posts (36.2%), forming a descriptive pattern of higher burden in ambulatory consultation settings. Five of six entities achieved precision between 0.91 and 1.00; Facilities showed insufficient validation performance and was excluded from substantive interpretation. Lexical markers generally showed high precision but limited recall. CONCLUSIONS Online reviews revealed distinct patterns in organizational, access, waiting, and positive-care discourse across settings. Organizational processes showed the greatest concentration of negatively rated feedback, particularly in ambulatory consultation settings. These findings describe reviewer discourse rather than population-representative patient experience or entity-specific sentiment. A transparent, empirically evaluated lexical approach can provide a reproducible means of identifying domains of negatively rated feedback warranting closer organizational investigation.

El mindfulness es una herramienta para mejorar los niveles de Conciencia Plena, puede ser una técnica útil para mejorar la salud de los profesionales de Atención Primaria. Diseño: Estudio cuasiexperimental en Centro de atención primaria de una zona rural en Almería. Muestra de un total de 34 trabajadores de atención primaria de los cuales 20 participaron en un taller de Mindfulness de 4 horas de duración, separadas en dos sesiones espaciadas en 15 días. Mediciones Principales: Satisfacción con el taller, conocimientos sobre Mindfulness, Nivel conciencia plena mediante FFMQ (Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire) Resultados: se encontraron diferencias significativas en los conocimientos teóricos adquiridos tras el taller, los niveles de satisfacción fueron muy elevados. Conclusiones: Actividades de Mindfulness incluso de corta duración tienen un efecto positivo en el profesional de Atención Primaria siendo importante introducirlas dentro del tiempo de formación.