New methodologies, rules, modalities, and procedures for the mechanism established under Article 6(4) of the Paris Agreement have led to the need to change the national conditions for the implementation of climate projects, including climate projects in forests. However, the issue of evaluating the effectiveness of such projects and their attractiveness to investors remains controversial, as their place and role in the modern economy remain uncertain. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the investment attractiveness and silvicultural feasibility of implementing reforestation climate projects in the central forest steppe of Russia. Thanks to mathematical models (including the developed coefficient of carbon intensity of investment costs) and the calculations carried out, it will be possible to develop a differentiated approach to assessing the investment attractiveness of climate projects’ implementation in forests. Reforestation projects including the planting of fast-growing tree species were considered. Maximum carbon sequestration for these projects is expected to occur over a period of 10–30 years. It was found that the coefficient of carbon intensity of investment costs, discounted by the duration of such projects, may become the basis for decision-making on investments in afforestation and reforestation in the central forest steppe.

The article describes the features of creation of forest infrastructure in the afforestation and the need for the creation and development of innovative forest infrastructure objects - forest breeding and seed pro-duction centers is proved. Creating FBSPC with the participation of the state through the mechanism of public-private partnership leads to the absence of depreciation charges, and as a consequence of decrease in the total production costs.

As a result of a study of trends in the technological development of forestry, including a list of promising technologies that ensure an increase in the competitiveness of the industry, the priority integrated areas of scientific and technological development of forestry of the Russian Federation are presented. Based on the conducted expert analysis, a forecast assessment of the prospects for certain technological and scientific areas in the context of the presented enlarged groups of priorities for the development of forestry in the Russian Federation is presented. It has been proved that the most popular forestry practices are studies aimed at creating technology for protecting forests from fires, protecting forests from invasion, as well as forest engineering, robotics and digital technologies. Furthermore, based on the analysis of bibliographic and abstract databases, the main technologies were identified that ensure the development of promising areas of scientific and technological development of forestry in the context of each priority. As a result, it has been found that there is a growing interest of researchers in the research area «Evaluation of productivity, growth, deposit capacity of forest ecosystems». One of the conclusions is that substantiated proposals were made regarding the prospects for the scientific and technological development of forestry in the Russian Federation regarding the practice-oriented areas necessary for forestry production, and science-oriented areas that determine future scientific breakthroughs in the field of new technologies and equipment.

Forest climate projects have very strict criteria for successful verification, recognition, and these criteria are additionality, permanence and leakage control. The presence of these criteria creates serious problems for the effective implementation of forest climate projects on the lands of the forest fund, that is, where the forest exists and where it grows on its own. The article provides a quantitative assessment of the potential of project activities (forest climate projects) aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing carbon sequestration in forests according to the forms of maintaining the state forest registry. To form the most general picture of areas suitable for the implementation of forest-climatic projects, we grouped forest and non-forest lands that are most suitable for project activities and allow implementing the principles of climate projects by types of project activities. As a result of the study, it was proved that climate projects designed for afforestation, organization of intact forest areas and reforestation have significant potential. It has been established that the diversity of conditions, land categories, and the protection of forests in the Russian Federation create prerequisites for the implementation of various climate projects and adaptation measures in the country's forest fund. The implementation of these additional targeted climate-oriented activities will ensure, in the long term, the low-carbon development of forestry in regional systems, which makes it possible to evaluate the prospects for implementation positively and creates conditions for the growth of their investment attractiveness.

The article discusses new methods for producing woody forest plants used in traditional in vitro micro-cloning technology. Each method is considered from the point of view of economic and biological effectiveness. Organizational models for each method have been developed and constructed with the help of a specialized software product. The stages of obtaining woody forest plants have been described. Standard and technological sheets have been constructed and economic indicators of growing forest trees have been determined under optimal production conditions for each method of in vitro micro-cloning technology. The production costs for the in vitro cultivation of woody forest seedlings are determined using the considered methods. And their economic and ecological-biological efficiency is proved. It has been established that the high cost of the applied methods of biotechnology in obtaining woody forest plants does not allow competing with plants obtained by traditional microcloning technologies in vitro. A way out of the situation is possible only due to the transition from laboratory to production conditions. It reduces the complexity of work through the use of specialized equipment and automation of microclone growing processes.

The development of Earth remote sensing methods, neural network technologies, creation of machine learning models, etc. will allow developing new algorithms, indicators and criteria that will significantly increase the efficiency of forest monitoring and help reduce financial costs. The basis for the work was the verification of ultra-high- and high-resolution satellite imagery data based on in-situ survey materials conducted on permanent test plots in the Voronezh region. The generated elements of training samples using a neural network classifier allow for automated, highly accu-rate determination of forest stand taxation indicators based on remote sensing data. When verifying the amount of aboveground phytomass calculated based on remote sensing data and in-situ survey materials, significant similarity of the presented results was revealed. In 67% of cases, the average phytomass values determined by different methods did not differ significantly from each other (at a significance level of p<0.05). Reliable differences were found in decid-uous stands with high horizontal canopy density, the presence of a second tier and abundant understory vegetation. As a result of the work, a theoretical basis was laid for further research in conducting remote monitoring in the field of for-est conservation, protection and reproduction. The material of the work is useful in building multidisciplinary practical work in the areas of restoration of biological diversity of phytocenoses, as well as ensuring the integrity and ecological stability of forests, under modern trends in carbon cycles and climate changes.