Mountain mudslides have emerged as one of the main geological dangers in the Yanshan region of China as a result of excessive rains. In light of this, a multi-step debris flow hazard assessment method combining optimal weights and a topological object metamodel is proposed based on game theory ideas. First of all, based on the geological environment research in Yanshan area, this paper determines the mudslide danger evaluation indexes according to the field investigation and remote sensing image data, then combines them with the theory of topological object element evaluation, utilizes the idea of game theory, and carries out the optimal combination of the weight coefficients derived from hierarchical analysis and the CRITIC method to obtain the final comprehensive weights of the indexes, and forms the combination-assigning topological object element of the mudslide danger topological model. The results suggest that improved weight coefficients can increase topological evaluation precision, which is more in line with objective reality than the traditional method and has some application utility.

Objective: The quality and quantity of published research papers are important in both scientific and technology fields. Although there are several bibliometric studies based on citation analysis, very few have focused on research related to Traditional Chinese Medicine in China. Methods: The bibliometric method used in this study included the following focuses: publication outputs for each year, paper type, language of publication, distribution of internationally collaborative countries, sources of funding, authorization number, distribution of institutes regarding collaborative publications, research fields, distribution of outputs in journals, citation data, and h-index. Results: A total of 3809 papers published from 1995 to 2012 were extracted from the science citation index (SCI). The cumulative number of papers from all six universities is constantly increasing. The United States attained the dominant position regarding complementary and alternative medicine research. The Chinese Academy of Sciences was the greatest participator in collaborative efforts. Research field analysis showed that the research mainly focused on pharmacology pharmacy, chemistry, integrative complementary medicine, plant sciences, and biochemistry molecular biology. The Shanghai University of Chinese Medicine had the most citations. Conclusion: In recent years, in terms of SCI papers, the six Traditional Chinese Medicine universities studied here have made great advances in scientific research.

The remote sensing classification of urban functional zones provides scientific support for urban planning, land resource optimization, and ecological environment protection. However, urban functional zone classification encounters significant challenges in accuracy and efficiency due to complicated image structures, ambiguous critical features, and high computational complexity. To tackle these challenges, this work proposes a novel XT-SECA algorithm employing a strengthened efficient channel attention mechanism (SECA) to integrate the feature-extraction XGBoost branch and the feature-enhancement Transformer feedforward branch. The SECA optimizes the feature-fusion process through dynamic pooling and adaptive convolution kernel strategies, reducing feature confusion between various functional zones. XT-SECA is characterized by sufficient learning of complex image structures, effective representation of significant features, and efficient computational performance. The Futian, Luohu, and Nanshan districts in Shenzhen City are selected to conduct urban functional zone classification by XT-SECA, and they feature administrative management, technological innovation, and commercial finance functions, respectively. XT-SECA can effectively distinguish diverse functional zones such as residential zones and public management and service zones, which are easily confused by current mainstream algorithms. Compared with the commonly adopted algorithms for urban functional zone classification, including Random Forest (RF), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network, and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP), XT-SECA demonstrates significant advantages in terms of overall accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and Kappa coefficient, with an accuracy enhancement of 3.78%, 42.86%, and 44.17%, respectively. The Kappa coefficient is increased by 4.53%, 51.28%, and 52.73%, respectively.

This paper summarizes the typical landslide characteristics and main triggering factors by statistically analyzing the detailed investigation data of 51 landslides in Hebei Province, among which rainfall-induced cover-type landslides are the most typical form of landslides. In order to study the destabilizing and destructive mechanism of high steep cover type slope under the action of rainfall infiltration, taking a cover type slope as an example, based on the theory of unsaturated seepage and shear strength, the changing rules of seepage field, displacement field, plasticity zone, and sliding cracking surface of the cover type slope under the condition of intermittent rainfall were analyzed by using the slip surface stress method, and the safety coefficient of the slope under the action of rainfall was calculated. The results show that: after the rainfall starts, because the shallow soil layer of the slope is mainly coarse gravel soil and gravel soil, with relatively strong permeability, the rainwater on the slope surface infiltrates into the interior of the slope body and softens the soil body along the soil-rock interface, and the soil body of the slope body produces displacement at the leading and trailing edges, and shallow sliding is formed in the slope; with the continuation of the rainfall, the slope produces a through plastic zone, and the soil body of the leading edge pulls the central pile body to produce traction slip, and the trailing edge of the soil body produces traction slip, and the trailing edge of the soil body produces traction slip. As the rainfall continues, the slope produces through plastic zone, the leading edge soil body pulls the central pile body to produce traction slip, the trailing edge soil body pushes the central pile body to produce nudging slip, and the deformation gradually develops from the surface to the depth, from the leading edge to the trailing edge.