Purpose:It is estimated that type 2 diabetes mellitus affects 530 million people worldwide and 10.5 per cent of these patients have diabetic retinopathy. This study aims to investigate the predictive value of cardiometabolic control, GGT and malnutrition-related inflammation markers for predicting Diabetic retinopathy prevalence and prognosis. Materials and Methods:Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients who were consecutively admitted to Internal and Ophthalmology outpatient clinics were included in this study. Clinical, haematological and biochemical data were recorded. Cut-off values of GGT, PNI, NRI and HALP scores were determined by receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the association of all variables with Diabetic retinopathy. As a result, we evaluated which of these tests were predictive and prognostic for the development of diabetic retinopathy. Results:This study included 166 patients. Fasting blood glucose(p

Prognostic Value of ALBI Score and Lymphocyte-Associated Inflammation Markers in Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Single Centre Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study - Namık Kemal Medical Journal

Introduction: It is unclear which patients with testicular cancer (TC) experience a higher incidence of bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity. Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the prognostic significance of lymphocyte-associated inflammation markers that may predict bleomycin-related pulmonary toxicity in TC. Results: Clinical and laboratory data were recorded for 118 patients diagnosed with TC who received bleomycin, with a median age at diagnosis of 32.19 ± 9.62. Symptomatic pulmonary toxicity was present in 19.49% (n = 23) of patients. Of these, 66.67% had a DLCO decrease of more than 10%. When comparing patients with and without pulmonary toxicity, there were no differences in terms of age at diagnosis, performance status, histopathological subgroup, tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, diagnostic symptom, stage, number of adjuvant treatment cycles, and tumor marker levels. Patients with pulmonary toxicity were more likely to be active smokers than those without pulmonary toxicity, and NLR > 1.64, PLR > 93.92, CLR > 0.49, SII > 444.25, and SIRI > 0.66 were found to be statistically significant. Lymphocyte-related inflammation markers (NLR, PLR, LMR, CLR, SII, and SIRI) were found to be prognostic for pulmonary toxicity. There was 5.2 times more pulmonary toxicity in smokers than in non-smokers. The prognostic inflammation markers that enable us to predict pulmonary toxicity are TC. Conclusions: The employment of lymphocyte-related inflammation biomarkers at the commencement of treatment offers a means of predicting bleomycin-related pulmonary toxicity in TC.

Background: First-line treatments for metastatic pancreatic cancer are chemotherapy regimens consisting of 5-fluorouracil or gemcitabine; however, there are no biomarkers to help determine which patients might benefit from which treatment regimens. We aimed to show that microRNAs let-7c and 7d can be used as independent predictive biomarkers for metastatic pancreatic cancer. Methods: A total of 55 patients who had first-line chemotherapy with FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine+capecitabine were included. Patients were divided into groups based on let-7c and let-7d levels and chemotherapy treatment as let-7c-7d high FOLFIRINOX, let7c-7d high gemcitabine+capecitabine, let-7c-7d low FOLFIRINOX, and let-7c-7d low gemcitabine+capecitabine. Blood samples were taken from patients before chemotherapy for microRNA let-7c and 7d analysis. MicroRNA isolation was performed using a miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Kit and identified using spectrophotometric measurements. After isolation, microRNA was converted to cDNA using a microRNA cDNA Synthesis Kit with poly (A) polymerase tailing. The expression of microRNA was examined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: The overall survival of patients who received FOLFIRINOX treatment with a high let-7c-7d level was statistically significantly longer than those who received gemcitabine+capecitabine with a high let-7c-7d level. In addition, patients with low let-7c expression receiving FOLFIRINOX progressed significantly 2.104 times earlier than patients with high let-7c expression receiving FOLFIRINOX. Conclusion: The serum MicroRNA let-7c level was found to be an independent predictive biomarker in the FOLFIRINOX treatment group. Cite this article as: Demiray AG, Demiray A, Yaren A, et al. Evaluation of serum microRNA let-7c and let-7d as predictive biomarkers for metastatic pancreatic cancer. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2022;33(8):696-703.

The Effect of Continuing Chemotherapy after Chemoradiotherapy during the Time to Surgery on Tumor Response and Survival for Local Advanced Rectal Cancer: Aim. The current standard treatment of locally advanced rectal carcinoma is total mesorectal excision and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy after neoadjuvant concurrent chemoradiotherapy (NCRT). Many studies have shown that pathological complete response (pCR) is an important prognostic factor for patients receiving NCRT. Many studies have therefore been conducted to increase pCR rates by changing the perioperative treatment strategies. Prolonging the chemotherapy time may be a reasonable way to increase the effectiveness of NCRT, pCR, and survival rates. We investigated whether neoadjuvant consolidation chemotherapy had an effect on tumor response and survival. Methods. The data of 163 patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal carcinoma were evaluated. The data of 107 patients (Group 1) who were radiologically T3–T4 and/or N+ and received chemotherapy after NCRT until their operations were compared with the data of 56 patients (Group 2) who were operated after NCRT. Results. Group 1 patients had tumor and node downstaging. Their pCR was found significantly higher than in Group 2 ( ). In Group 1 patients with T3, pCR was significantly higher than for those with T4. The elapsed time between NCRT and surgery was significantly longer in patients with pCR (respectively, and ). Conclusion. Neoadjuvant consolidation chemotherapy after NCRT is a safe approach that can lead to higher pathological complete response rates. The time until surgery with neoadjuvant consolidation chemotherapy may provide the chance to follow the patient without surgery in addition to increasing pCR.

Objective: Obesity increases the risk of endometrial cancer (EC). In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic effect of sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity and sarcopenic visceral obesity, calculated with the help of cross-sectional imaging methods of muscle and visceral adipose tissue from body composition parameters, in EC. Methods: Patients diagnosed with EC were identified between January 2014 and June 2024. The combination of radiological markers and patient outcomes can predict prognosis. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) and visceral fat index (VFI) were calculated from computed tomography (CT) and/or abdominal magnetic resonance (MR) scans taken at the time of diagnosis at the Lumbal 3 (L3) vertebra level. The findings of these analyses demonstrate the strongest correlation with the ratio of muscle and visceral fat tissue throughout the body. The loss of muscle and fat is an unfavourable indicator in patients with EC. The present study analysed the prognostic values of sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, sarcopenic visceral obesity, and the visceral fat index in EC. The total skeletal muscle area was calculated in square centimetres. Body surface area (m²) was calculated using the Mosteller formula: ((height (cm) × weight (kg))/3600)^1/2. To normalize body composition components, the skeletal muscle index was calculated as cm²/m². Results: The study comprised a total of 236 EC patients. The prevalence of sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and sarcopenic visceral obesity were found to be 48.31%, 33.47%, and 22.88%, respectively. The presence of sarcopenia, high VFI levels, sarcopenic obesity, and sarcopenic visceral obesity did not demonstrate statistical significance in the survival analysis. However, stage increase (p = 0.001), primary tumour localization in the lower uterine segment (p = 0.001), serous carcinoma (p = 0.001), increased grade in endometrioid carcinoma (p = 0.023), and lymphovascular invasion (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with increased mortality risk. The presence of sarcopenia was found to be significant in patients with obesity (p = 0.008) and those aged ≥ 65 years (p = 0.001). Conclusions: In EC survival, established prognostic factors such as serous histopathology, LVI positivity, and the extent of surgical staging are prioritised. The presence of these well-established markers means the potential effect of BMI-based observations, such as the ‘obesity paradox’, and even body composition measurements, such as sarcopenic obesity, are now statistically insignificant. Our findings suggest that aggressive tumour biology (serous type, LVI) and surgery, rather than metabolic variables such as sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity and sarcopenic visceral obesity, are the direct reason for the survival difference. This is due to the tumour’s aggressive nature and clinical characteristics (e.g., age at diagnosis, operability, stage, primary tumour localization in the lower uterine segment, serous carcinoma, grade, and LVI positivity) rather than metabolic variables.