This study aims to examine the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the aerial parts of Chenopodium album extracts (CAE) prepared with different solvents, and how C. album ethanol extract protects them against gentamicin‐induced nephrotoxicity. Extracts of C. album aerial parts were obtained from ethanol, water, methanol, chloroform, and hexane solvents. Thirty‐two male Wistar albino rats were used and gentamycin‐induced nephrotoxicity was utilized as a model. The water extract of C. album exhibited no antimicrobial effect, whereas the methanol one created the highest zone diameter on Bacillus cereus (26 mm). The methanol extract displayed the highest activity in DPPH and ABTS. The ethanol extract yielded the highest reducing power in the CUPRAC. The water extract had the highest reducing power in the FRAP. Concerning gentamicin‐induced renal damage, creatinine and urea levels in the blood were statistically higher in the gentamicin‐C. album group compared to the other groups (p < .05). Urea and creatinine levels of the gentamicin‐C. album group dropped significantly, indicating that the C. album was effective against renal damage. The sections from kidney tissues in the gentamicin + C. album group mostly exhibited mild glomerular congestion. Hyaline cast, cytoplasmic vacuolization, necrosis, and apoptosis were not observed. Thanks to C. album treatment, the gentamicin + C. album suffered less histopathological damage than the gentamicin group did. The results of the present study suggest that CAE can be used as a supportive treatment in people undergoing treatment for nephrotoxicity.

Rumex patientia L. is from Polygonaceae family and there are 25 species of it in Turkey. Rumex patientia L. has antifebrile, laxative, diuretic, and pain killer properties. In this study, the extraction of the Rumex patientia L. leaf were done and determination the fat content and fatty acid composition by using GC device and to determinate in vitro antimicrobial activity of their different extracts were aimed. On the purpose of detection of antimicrobial activity; Rumex patientia L. leaf was extracted with ethanol, methanol, acetone, petroleum ether and water. Rumex patientia L. leaves was tested their different extracts using Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Pasteurella multocida, Yersinia enterocolitica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and Candida albicans yeast by agar-well diffusion technique. As a result of the study, 26 fatty acid components were detected on Rumex patientia L. leaf. In addition, among obtained extracts the highest antimicrobial activity was formed by methyl alcohol extract on K. pneumoniae bacteria (32mm).

Hyoscyamus reticulatus Solanacea ailesindendir ve ülkemizde altı türü bulunmaktadır. Hyoscyamus türleri özellikle halk arasında yaygın olarak kullanılan skopolamin ve hiyosiyamin gibi tropan alkaloitleri kaynağıdır. H. reticulatus tohumundan soxhlet yöntemi ile elde edilen etil alkol ekstresinin bazı Gram (-) ve Gram (+) bakteri ve mayalara karşı antimikrobiyal aktivitesinin tespit edilmesi ve H. reticulatus tohumunun plazma ve beyin numunelerinde TP53 ve Bcl-2 seviyeleri ölçülerek apoptotik etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada 40 adet Wistar albino cinsi dişi sıçan her grupta 10 adet olacak şekilde 4 gruba ayrıldı; Kontrol (K), 125, 250, 500 mg/kg H. reticulatus ekstrakt grupları. H. reticulatus tohumu ekstraktının Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pasteurella multicoda, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteridis, Staphylococcus aureus, Yersinia enterocolitica bakterileri ve Candida albicans mayasına karşı antimikrobiyal etkinliğinin bulunmadığı tespit edilmiştir. HR250 ve HR500 gruplarının plazma örneklerinde TP53 seviyelerinin K grubuna göre önemli düzeyde arttığı tespit edildi (sırasıyla p<0,01, p<0,001). Ekstrakt uygulanan tüm gruplarla K grubu karşılaştırıldığında; ekstrakt uygulanan gruplarda plazma Bcl-2 seviyelerinin önemli düzeyde azaldığı belirlendi (p<0,001). Sonuç olarak; H. reticulatus tohum ektraktının antimikrobiyal etkisi olmadığı ve in vivo olarak farklı dozlarda uygulanan ekstraktın beyin dokusunda olmasa da diğer organ ve/veya organlarda apoptozisi uyarabileceğini düşünmekteyiz.