China’s carbon neutrality strategy has expedited a transition towards greener and lower-carbon integrated energy systems. Faced with the problem that the central position of thermal power cannot be transformed quickly, utilizing traditional thermal power units in a low-carbon and efficient manner is the premise to guarantee green energy development. This study focuses on the integrated energy production system (IEPS) and a stochastic optimization model for capacity configuration that integrates carbon capture storage and power-to-gas while considering source-load uncertainty. Firstly, carbon capture storage and power-to-gas technologies are introduced, and the architecture and models of the IEPS are established. The carbon and hydrogen storage equipment configuration enhances the system’s flexibility. Also, source-load uncertainty is considered, and a deterministic transformation is applied using the simultaneous backward reduction algorithm combined with K-means clustering. The paper simulates the optimal capacity configuration of the IEPS in a park energy system in Suzhou, China. Furthermore, the research performs a sensitivity analysis on coal, natural gas, and carbon tax prices. Case studies verified that IEPS can realize the recycling of electricity, gas, hydrogen, and carbon, with remarkable characteristics of low-carbon, flexibility, and economical. Stochastic optimized capacity allocation results considering source-load uncertainty are more realistic. Sensitivity intervals for energy prices can reference pricing mechanisms in energy markets. This study can provide ideas for the transition of China’s energy structure and offer directions to the low-carbon sustainable development of the energy system.

Under the background of energy internet and the targets of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, new energy development paths need to be explored. A coordinated optimal operation method of electricity and gas integrated distribution system (EGIDS) considering electricity-gas demand response is proposed. A gradually linearized method is used to deal with the power flow equation constraints of the distribution system, and the second-order cone relaxation method and piecewise linearization method are used to constrain the natural gas power flow equation. So that the nonlinear optimal problem of the EGIDS is transformed into a mixed integer linear programming model. Then the combined electricity-gas demand response model was established and introduced into the EGIDS. A case study is implemented on a modified 51-bus distribution network with a 20-node natural gas network to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed EGIDS model. The case study shows that the method of EGIDS considering combined electricity-gas demand response (CDR) can better improve the economics of the distribution system operation and the accommodation of renewable energy.