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Anaerobic Digestion (AD) is a well-established process that is becoming increasingly popular, especially as a technology for organic waste treatment; the process produces biogas, which can be upgraded to biomethane, which can be used in the transport sector or injected into the natural gas grid. Considering the sensitivity of Anaerobic Digestion to several process parameters, mathematical modeling and numerical simulations can be useful to improve both design and control of the process. Therefore, several different modeling approaches were presented in the literature, aiming at providing suitable tools for the design and simulation of these systems. The purpose of this study is to analyze the recent advancements in the biomethane production from different points of view. Special attention is paid to the integration of this technology with additional renewable energy sources, such as solar, geothermal and wind, aimed at achieving a fully renewable biomethane production. In this case, auxiliary heat may be provided by solar thermal or geothermal energy, while wind or photovoltaic plants can provide auxiliary electricity. Recent advancements in plants design, biomethane production and mathematical modeling are shown in the paper, and the main challenges that these fields must face with are discussed. Considering the increasing interest of industries, public policy makers and researchers in this field, the efficiency and profitability such hybrid renewable solutions for biomethane production are expected to significantly improve in the next future, provided that suitable subsidies and funding policies are implemented to support their development.
Francesco Calise; Francesco Cappiello; Luca Cimmino; Massimo D’Accadia; Maria Vicidomini. A Review of the State of the Art of Biomethane Production: Recent Advancements and Integration of Renewable Energies. Energies 2021, 14, 4895 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Francesco Cappiello, Luca Cimmino, Massimo D’Accadia, Maria Vicidomini. A Review of the State of the Art of Biomethane Production: Recent Advancements and Integration of Renewable Energies. Energies. 2021; 14 (16):4895.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Francesco Cappiello; Luca Cimmino; Massimo D’Accadia; Maria Vicidomini. 2021. "A Review of the State of the Art of Biomethane Production: Recent Advancements and Integration of Renewable Energies." Energies 14, no. 16: 4895.
This work presents a dynamic analysis of an anaerobic digestion plant, in which concentrating photovoltaic/thermal collectors are used to match a part of both heating and power demand of the process. The system is supplied by the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. The system also includes a thermal storage tank and an auxiliary heating system. An up-grade section is also included, to produce biomethane, suitable for injection into the natural gas pipeline network. For such hybrid solar-biomass system, a comprehensive simulation model was developed in MATLAB®, calculating the time-dependent production of biomethane as a function of the operating temperature within the digester. The model, based on differential equations and thermal balances, accounts for both thermal and biological phenomena occurring within the process, taking into consideration the geometrical and structural characteristics of the system. The consistent Anaerobic Digestion Model 1 is used to model the biological process, evaluating the biogas production as a function of a series of operating variables: the digester operating temperature, mass flowrate and temperature of the hot water entering the digester, ambient temperature, mass flowrate and composition of the organic waste in input. The model also calculates the electric consumption of the upgrading process, used to convert the biogas into biomethane. Such model was integrated into the simulation platform of the overall plant, developed in TRNSYS, evaluating the energy, environmental and economic performance of the entire system. A case study is presented, showing the dynamic performance of the system under evaluation: for such case, a primary energy saving of 24% was found, with respect to a conventional digester; around 20% of the overall thermal energy demand is met by solar energy; finally, a promising payback time of about 3 years was estimated.
Francesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D’Accadia; Maria Vicidomini. Concentrating photovoltaic/thermal collectors coupled with an anaerobic digestion process: Dynamic simulation and energy and economic analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021, 311, 127363 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Francesco Liberato Cappiello, Massimo Dentice D’Accadia, Maria Vicidomini. Concentrating photovoltaic/thermal collectors coupled with an anaerobic digestion process: Dynamic simulation and energy and economic analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021; 311 ():127363.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D’Accadia; Maria Vicidomini. 2021. "Concentrating photovoltaic/thermal collectors coupled with an anaerobic digestion process: Dynamic simulation and energy and economic analysis." Journal of Cleaner Production 311, no. : 127363.
This work presents a novel renewable trigeneration plant powered by solar, geothermal and biomass energy, producing simultaneously electricity, heat and cool. The developed system includes a 193 m2 photovoltaic field, a 159 kWh lithium-ion battery, a 30 kWe organic Rankine cycle, a 350 kWth biomass auxiliary heater, a geothermal well at 96 °C and a 80 kW single stage H2O/LiBr absorption chiller. The Organic Rankine Cycle is mainly supplied by the geothermal well, producing electricity. An additional amount of electricity is produced by the photovoltaic panels. A detailed dynamic simulation model was developed in TRNSYS environment in order to calculate both energy and economic performance of the plant. The model includes algorithms validated versus literature and experimental data. The model of the renewable trigeneration plant is used for a suitable case study, a residential building in the Campi Flegrei (Naples, South Italy) area, a well-known location for its geothermal sources and good solar availability. The proposed plant exhibits promising energy performance achieving a primary energy saving of 139%, mainly due to the obtained excess energy. From the economic point of view, the proposed plant gets a limited profitability, showing a payback period of about 19 years, mainly due to the high capital cost of the employed technologies. A thermo-economic optimization is also implemented, considering photovoltaic field and battery capacities as independent variables. The results of the optimization suggest increasing the area of the photovoltaic field and to limit the capacity of electric energy storage system, due to the high specific capital cost of the lithium-ion battery. Finally, a multi-objective optimization is also carried out, aiming at calculating the set of the optimal design variables of the proposed trigeneration plant.
Francesco Calise; Francesco L. Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D'Accadia; Maria Vicidomini. Thermo-economic optimization of a novel hybrid renewable trigeneration plant. Renewable Energy 2021, 175, 532 -549.
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Francesco L. Cappiello, Massimo Dentice D'Accadia, Maria Vicidomini. Thermo-economic optimization of a novel hybrid renewable trigeneration plant. Renewable Energy. 2021; 175 ():532-549.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Francesco L. Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D'Accadia; Maria Vicidomini. 2021. "Thermo-economic optimization of a novel hybrid renewable trigeneration plant." Renewable Energy 175, no. : 532-549.
The transition from conventional centralized energy production to a distributed one may represent one of the solutions to reduce greenhouses emissions. The present work aims at proposing a novel approach for energy and environmental issues, related to the high density of vehicular traffic for shopping centers by introducing photovoltaic panels and electric vehicles into the energy system. In order to achieve such goal a specific case study was developed for the main shopping centers located in the Campania Region, South of Italy. Two well-known simulation platforms, EnergyPLAN and TRNSYS, were purposely integrated. TRNSYS is used to develop a dynamic model of a shopping and the outputs were used as EnergyPLAN inputs to evaluate the role that this sustainable layout can play within the different sectors. Environmental, energy and economic analyses are performed for three different scenarios including the baseline one at 2019, 2030 and 2050. The proposed system can cover about 45.7 % of the shopping centre electric demand. At a regional scale, in the 2050 scenario the yearly reduction of CO2 and energy consumption are 42.0 kt and 160.0 GW h, respectively. The economic results show a SPB (Simple Pay Back) of 2 years and a PI (Profit Index) of 5.4.
Francesco Calise; Salvatore Fabozzi; Laura Vanoli; Maria Vicidomini. A sustainable mobility strategy based on electric vehicles and photovoltaic panels for shopping centers. Sustainable Cities and Society 2021, 70, 102891 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Salvatore Fabozzi, Laura Vanoli, Maria Vicidomini. A sustainable mobility strategy based on electric vehicles and photovoltaic panels for shopping centers. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2021; 70 ():102891.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Salvatore Fabozzi; Laura Vanoli; Maria Vicidomini. 2021. "A sustainable mobility strategy based on electric vehicles and photovoltaic panels for shopping centers." Sustainable Cities and Society 70, no. : 102891.
The greenhouse industry is an energy-intensive sector with a heavy reliance on fossil fuels, contributing to substantial greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Addressing this issue, the employment of energy-saving strategies along with the replacement of conventional energy sources with renewable energies are among the most feasible solutions. Over the last few years, solar energy has demonstrated great potential for integration with agricultural greenhouses. The present study reviews the progress of solar greenhouses by investigating their integration with solar energy technologies including photovoltaic (PV), photovoltaic-thermal (PVT), and solar thermal collectors. From the literature, PV modules mounted on roofs or walls of greenhouses cause shading which can adversely affect the growing trend of cultivated crops inside. This issue can be addressed by using bifacial PV modules or employing sun trackers to create dynamic shades. PVT modules are more efficient in producing both heat and electricity, and less shading occurs when concentrating modules are employed. In terms of using solar thermal collectors, higher performance values have been reported for greenhouses installed in moderate climate conditions. Further, in this review, the employment of thermal energy storage (TES) units as crucial components for secure energy supply in solar greenhouses is studied. The usage of TES systems can increase the thermal performance of solar greenhouses by 29%. Additionally, the most common mathematical models utilized to describe the thermal behavior of solar greenhouses are presented and discussed. From the literature, machine learning algorithms have shown a better capability to describe the complex environment of greenhouses, but their main drawback is less reliability. Notwithstanding the progress which has been made, further improvements in technology and more reductions in costs are required to make the solar greenhouse technology a solution to achieve sustainable development.
Shiva Gorjian; Francesco Calise; Karunesh Kant; Shamim Ahamed; Benedetta Copertaro; Gholamhassan Najafi; Xingxing Zhang; Mohammadreza Aghaei; Redmond R. Shamshiri. A review on opportunities for implementation of solar energy technologies in agricultural greenhouses. Journal of Cleaner Production 2021, 285, 124807 .
AMA StyleShiva Gorjian, Francesco Calise, Karunesh Kant, Shamim Ahamed, Benedetta Copertaro, Gholamhassan Najafi, Xingxing Zhang, Mohammadreza Aghaei, Redmond R. Shamshiri. A review on opportunities for implementation of solar energy technologies in agricultural greenhouses. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2021; 285 ():124807.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShiva Gorjian; Francesco Calise; Karunesh Kant; Shamim Ahamed; Benedetta Copertaro; Gholamhassan Najafi; Xingxing Zhang; Mohammadreza Aghaei; Redmond R. Shamshiri. 2021. "A review on opportunities for implementation of solar energy technologies in agricultural greenhouses." Journal of Cleaner Production 285, no. : 124807.
In this research, a technoeconomic comparison of energy efficiency options for energy districts located in different climatic areas (Naples, Italy and Fayoum, Egypt) is presented. A dynamic simulation model based on TRNSYS is developed to evaluate the different energy efficiency options, which includes different buildings of conceived districts. The TRNSYS model is integrated with the plug-in Google SketchUp TRNSYS3d to estimate the thermal load of the buildings and the temporal variation. The model considers the unsteady state energy balance and includes all the features of the building’s envelope. For the considered climatic zones and for the different energy efficiency measures, primary energy savings, pay back periods and reduced CO2 emissions are evaluated. The proposed energy efficiency options include a district heating system for hot water supply, air-to-air conventional heat pumps for both cooling and space heating of the buildings and the integration of photovoltaic and solar thermal systems. The energy actions are compared to baseline scenarios, where the hot water and space heating demand is satisfied by conventional natural gas boilers, the cooling demand is met by conventional air-to-air vapor compression heat pumps and the electric energy demand is satisfied by the power grid. The simulation results provide valuable guidance for selecting the optimal designs and system configurations, as well as suggest guidelines to policymakers to define decarbonization targets in different scenarios. The scenario of Fayoum offers a savings of 67% in primary energy, but the associated payback period extends to 23 years due to the lower cost of energy in comparison to Naples.
Francesco Calise; Francesco L. Cappiello; Maria Vicidomini; Jian Song; Antonio M. Pantaleo; Suzan Abdelhady; Ahmed Shaban; Christos N. Markides. Energy and Economic Assessment of Energy Efficiency Options for Energy Districts: Case Studies in Italy and Egypt. Energies 2021, 14, 1012 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Francesco L. Cappiello, Maria Vicidomini, Jian Song, Antonio M. Pantaleo, Suzan Abdelhady, Ahmed Shaban, Christos N. Markides. Energy and Economic Assessment of Energy Efficiency Options for Energy Districts: Case Studies in Italy and Egypt. Energies. 2021; 14 (4):1012.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Francesco L. Cappiello; Maria Vicidomini; Jian Song; Antonio M. Pantaleo; Suzan Abdelhady; Ahmed Shaban; Christos N. Markides. 2021. "Energy and Economic Assessment of Energy Efficiency Options for Energy Districts: Case Studies in Italy and Egypt." Energies 14, no. 4: 1012.
The global COVID-19 pandemic has had strong impacts on national and international freight, construction and tourism industry, supply chains, and has resulted in a rapid decline in the demand for traditional energy sources. In fact, research has outlined that urban areas depend on global supply chains for their day-to-day basic functions, including energy supplies, food and safe access to potable water. The disruption of global supply chains can leave many urban areas in a very vulnerable position, in which their citizens may struggle to obtain their basic supplies, as the COVID-19 crisis has recently shown. Therefore, solutions aiming to enhance local food, water and energy production systems, even in urban environments, have to be pursued. The COVID-19 crisis has also highlighted in the scientific community the problem of people’s exposure to outdoor and indoor pollution, confirmed as a key element for the increase both in the transmission and severity of the contagion, on top of involving health risks on their own. In this context, most nations are going to adopt new preferential policies to stimulate the development of relevant sustainable energy industries, based on the electrification of the systems supplied by renewable energy sources as confirmed by the International Energy Agency (IEA). Thus, while there is ongoing research focusing on a COVID 19 vaccine, there is also a need for researchers to work cooperatively on novel strategies for world economic recovery incorporating renewable energy policy, technology and management. In this framework, the Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES) conference provides a good platform for researchers and other experts to exchange their academic thoughts, promoting the development and improvements on the renewable energy technologies as well as their role in systems and in the transition towards sustainable energy systems. The 14th SDEWES Conference was held in Dubrovnik, Croatia. It brought together around 570 researchers from 55 countries in the field of sustainable development. The present Special Issue of Energies, specifically dedicated to the 14th SDEWES Conference, focuses on four main fields: energy policy for sustainable development, biomass energy application, building energy saving, and power plant and electric systems.
Wenxiao Chu; Francesco Calise; Neven Duić; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Maria Vicidomini; Qiuwang Wang. Recent Advances in Technology, Strategy and Application of Sustainable Energy Systems. Energies 2020, 13, 5229 .
AMA StyleWenxiao Chu, Francesco Calise, Neven Duić, Poul Alberg Østergaard, Maria Vicidomini, Qiuwang Wang. Recent Advances in Technology, Strategy and Application of Sustainable Energy Systems. Energies. 2020; 13 (19):5229.
Chicago/Turabian StyleWenxiao Chu; Francesco Calise; Neven Duić; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Maria Vicidomini; Qiuwang Wang. 2020. "Recent Advances in Technology, Strategy and Application of Sustainable Energy Systems." Energies 13, no. 19: 5229.
Francesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D'Accadia; Maria Vicidomini. Energy efficiency in small districts: Dynamic simulation and technoeconomic analysis. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 220, 1 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Francesco Liberato Cappiello, Massimo Dentice D'Accadia, Maria Vicidomini. Energy efficiency in small districts: Dynamic simulation and technoeconomic analysis. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 220 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D'Accadia; Maria Vicidomini. 2020. "Energy efficiency in small districts: Dynamic simulation and technoeconomic analysis." Energy Conversion and Management 220, no. : 1.
Solar energy as a plentiful and environment-friendly source of energy has an acceptable potential in nearly most of the regions around the world. Thermal technologies are commonly used to provide heat requirements of different domestic, agricultural, residential, and industrial applications from the sun. This paper reviews thermal performance enhancement techniques of the most widely-used low-temperature solar collectors (LTSCs) including flat-plate collectors (FPCs), evacuated tube collectors (ETCs), and compound parabolic concentrators (CPCs) by introducing challenges and discussing future research potentials. In this regard, energy analysis of each collector type along with the latest advancements to boost the heat collection capability of the LTSCs reported in the previous studies is presented. The discussed methods in this study broadly cover structural modifications, absorber coatings, integration with reflectors, using alternative working fluids including nanofluids, and employing thermal energy storage (TES) systems. This comprehensive review is reflecting the level of technical maturity of each type of LTSCs and is expected to serve scientists, engineers, and developers with the latest achievements in this technology.
Shiva Gorjian; Hossein Ebadi; Francesco Calise; Ashish Shukla; Carlo Ingrao. A review on recent advancements in performance enhancement techniques for low-temperature solar collectors. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 222, 113246 .
AMA StyleShiva Gorjian, Hossein Ebadi, Francesco Calise, Ashish Shukla, Carlo Ingrao. A review on recent advancements in performance enhancement techniques for low-temperature solar collectors. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 222 ():113246.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShiva Gorjian; Hossein Ebadi; Francesco Calise; Ashish Shukla; Carlo Ingrao. 2020. "A review on recent advancements in performance enhancement techniques for low-temperature solar collectors." Energy Conversion and Management 222, no. : 113246.
The aim of the present paper is to develop a reliable and accurate model of the wastewater biochemical treatment process and to explore the behaviour through a general dynamic simulation environment, namely the INtegrated Simulation Environment Language (INSEL), for the analysis of the energy demand of the whole wastewater treatment plant. In particular, the presented model pays special attention to the chemical kinetics involved in the activated sludge process for the reduction of nitrogen and carbon compounds. According to the best practices, the plant configuration considered in this work includes the denitrification-nitrification process, performed by completely mixed reactors. In particular, the process analysed in this paper is based on the Ludzak-Ettinger process. The biological process is simulated according to the well-known method widely used in the literature, namely the Activated Sludge Model No 1 (ASM1). The model includes a set of equations for the calculation of aerobic growth of heterotrophs, anoxic growth of heterotrophs, aerobic growth of autotrophs, decay of autotrophs, ammonification of soluble nitrogen, hydrolysis of entrapped organics, and hydrolysis of entrapped organic nitrogen. All these equations, along with energy and mass balances, are solved by the explicit Euler method. The developed model is validated using literature data, showing a great accuracy (deviation below 1%). As for the temperature, results show that, between 15 and 25 °C, in the initial part of the process, transport effects dominate the consumption ones. When the temperature is higher than 30 °C, nitrate consumption is so fast that biomass growth is limited by this effect. Conversely, in case of low temperatures (5–10 °C), biomass growth is not limited by nitrate availability. Finally, results also showed that temperature significantly affects the denitrification process, whereas the effect on the oxygen is lower.
Francesco Calise; Ursula Eicker; Juergen Schumacher; Maria Vicidomini. Wastewater Treatment Plant: Modelling and Validation of an Activated Sludge Process. Energies 2020, 13, 3925 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Ursula Eicker, Juergen Schumacher, Maria Vicidomini. Wastewater Treatment Plant: Modelling and Validation of an Activated Sludge Process. Energies. 2020; 13 (15):3925.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Ursula Eicker; Juergen Schumacher; Maria Vicidomini. 2020. "Wastewater Treatment Plant: Modelling and Validation of an Activated Sludge Process." Energies 13, no. 15: 3925.
Hospitals are very attractive for Combined Heat and Power (CHP) applications, due to their high and continuous demand for electric and thermal energy. However, both design and control strategies of CHP systems are usually based on an empiric and very simplified approach, and this may lead to non-optimal solutions. The paper presents a novel approach based on the dynamic simulation of a trigeneration system to be installed in a hospital located in Puglia (South Italy), with around 600 beds, aiming to investigate the energy and economic performance of the system, for a given control strategy (electric-load tracking). The system includes a natural gas fired reciprocating engine (with a rated power of 2.0 MW), a single-stage LiBr-H2O absorption chiller (with a cooling capacity of around 770 kW), auxiliary gas-fired boilers and steam generators, electric chillers, cooling towers, heat exchangers, storage tanks and several additional components (pipes, valves, etc.). Suitable control strategies, including proportional–integral–derivative (PID) and ON/OFF controllers, were implemented to optimize the trigeneration performance. The model includes a detailed simulation of the main components of the system and a specific routine for evaluating the heating and cooling demand of the building, based on a 3-D model of the building envelope. All component models were validated against experimental data provided by the manufacturers. Energy and economic models were also included in the simulation tool, to calculate the thermoeconomic performance of the system. The results show an excellent economic performance of the trigeneration system, with a payback period equal to 1.5 years and a profitability index (ratio of the Net Present Value to the capital cost) equal to 3.88, also due to the significant contribution of the subsidies provided by the current Italian regulation for CHP systems (energy savings certificates).
Francesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D'accadia; Luigi Libertini; Maria Vicidomini. Dynamic Simulation and Thermoeconomic Analysis of a Trigeneration System in a Hospital Application. Energies 2020, 13, 3558 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Francesco Liberato Cappiello, Massimo Dentice D'accadia, Luigi Libertini, Maria Vicidomini. Dynamic Simulation and Thermoeconomic Analysis of a Trigeneration System in a Hospital Application. Energies. 2020; 13 (14):3558.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D'accadia; Luigi Libertini; Maria Vicidomini. 2020. "Dynamic Simulation and Thermoeconomic Analysis of a Trigeneration System in a Hospital Application." Energies 13, no. 14: 3558.
This paper focuses on the energy-water nexus, aiming at developing novel systems producing simultaneously energy and water. This work investigates two solar polygeneration plants for the production of thermal and cooling energy, electricity, and desalinated water for two small Mediterranean islands. In this case, seawater and solar energy are largely available, whereas freshwater is scarce and extremely expensive. The work also aims to compare different technologies included in the polygeneration systems. In particular, the first plant is based on concentrating photovoltaic/thermal solar collectors, producing electric and thermal energy. The thermal energy is used to produce space heating, domestic hot water and space cooling by means a single-stage Lithium Bromide/Water absorption chiller. An electric auxiliary chiller is also included. A multi-effect distillation unit is included for freshwater production supplied by the concentrating photovoltaic/thermal collectors solar energy and an auxiliary biomass-fired heater. In the second plant, a photovoltaic field is coupled with electric driven technologies, such as heat pumps for space heating, cooling and domestic hot water production and a reverse osmosis unit. The solar electrical energy excess is delivered to the grid. The third polygeneration plant includes the same components as the first layout but it is equipped with a reverse osmosis unit. Two main case studies, Favignana and Salina islands (South Italy) are selected. The heating, cooling and electric hourly loads of some buildings located in both investigated weather zones are calculated in detail. In particular, space heating and cooling loads are calculated by means of the Type 56 of TRNSYS (version 17), coupled to the Google SketchUp TRNSYS3d plug-in. The buildings geometry, envelope, windows, lighting, machineries heat gains schedule, as well as the buildings users’ occupation and activity are simulated by means of the Type 56. TRNSYS is also used to accurately model all of the plant components. The work also includes comprehensive energy, environmental and economic analyses to maximize the plants profitability, evaluated by considering both operating and capital costs. Sensitivity analyses aiming at establishing the optimal values of the most important design parameters are also performed. The developed plants achieve important savings in terms of carbon dioxide emissions due to the use of renewable energy sources and the high efficiency of the included technologies. The best economic indexes are obtained for the layout using electricity-driven technologies, resulting in very profitable operation with a payback period of about 6.2 years.
Francesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Maria Vicidomini; Fontina Petrakopoulou-Robinson. Water-energy nexus: A thermoeconomic analysis of polygeneration systems for small Mediterranean islands. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 220, 113043 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Francesco Liberato Cappiello, Maria Vicidomini, Fontina Petrakopoulou-Robinson. Water-energy nexus: A thermoeconomic analysis of polygeneration systems for small Mediterranean islands. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 220 ():113043.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Maria Vicidomini; Fontina Petrakopoulou-Robinson. 2020. "Water-energy nexus: A thermoeconomic analysis of polygeneration systems for small Mediterranean islands." Energy Conversion and Management 220, no. : 113043.
The aim of this work is the development of a simulation model for the anaerobic digestion process of source-sorted organic fractions of municipal solid wastes. In particular, a detailed model simulating both biological and thermal behaviors of the process was developed. The biological model is based on the Anaerobic Digestion Model 1 (ADM1), which allows one to evaluate the dynamic trends of the concentrations of the main components and the biogas production as a function of the digester operating temperature. The work also includes a detailed thermal model which is developed considering the geometrical and structural features of the digester. The thermal behavior of the digester was also modeled, considering a purposely designed heat exchanger immersed inside the digester. Therefore, the thermal behavior of the process was evaluated by the well-known heat exchange equations and thermal energy balances. The combination of these two models is used to analyze the different possible operating conditions of the system. The model is also able to consider that the reactor operating temperature and the biogas production dynamically depend on a plurality of parameters: inlet hot water temperature and flowrate of the heating system, outdoor temperature, flowrate of organic fraction. The numerical resolution of the obtained differential equations and thermal balances of the model was carried out in the MATLAB® environment. The result shows that the calculated biogas production is 0.132 Nm3 per kg of OFMSW. In addition, the model also shows that the inlet hot water temperature must be increased by about 1.5 °C, to increase by 1.0 °C the digester temperature.
Francesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D’Accadia; Alessandra Infante; Maria Vicidomini. Modeling of the Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Wastes: Integration of Heat Transfer and Biochemical Aspects. Energies 2020, 13, 2702 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Francesco Liberato Cappiello, Massimo Dentice D’Accadia, Alessandra Infante, Maria Vicidomini. Modeling of the Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Wastes: Integration of Heat Transfer and Biochemical Aspects. Energies. 2020; 13 (11):2702.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D’Accadia; Alessandra Infante; Maria Vicidomini. 2020. "Modeling of the Anaerobic Digestion of Organic Wastes: Integration of Heat Transfer and Biochemical Aspects." Energies 13, no. 11: 2702.
The presence of desalination systems in polygeneration facilities is usually limited by important difficulties in operating under non-stationary regimes typical of renewable energy sources. Reverse osmosis, namely the most common desalination technology, is characterised by slow dynamics that rarely adapts to the power fluctuations of renewables. Therefore, the possibility of using electrodialysis coupled with a hybrid photovoltaic/wind energy source was investigated in this work. In particular, the combination of photovoltaic and wind energy is very attractive in order to achieve a more stable energy production, while electrodialysis is claimed to be a more flexible process compared to reverse osmosis. For this reason, the aim of this work was to analyse the technical advantages of using electrodialysis in the aforementioned scenarios, Suitable transitory simulation models are implemented for modelling electrodialysis units, photovoltaic panels and wind turbines. Dynamic scenarios were analysed, looking at two different time scales. Quasi steady-state simulations were used to study the yearly operation of 4 electrodialysis units operating in parallel, demonstrating process flexibility over a wide range of produced flowrates (from 920 to 230 m3/d) and power inputs (5–45 kW) when producing drinking water at a constant NaCl outlet concentration of 0.25 g/l. Dynamic simulations were adopted to study the daily time scale, where the desalination unit control system, purposely designed and tuned, was able to maintain a relatively stable target value in presence of disturbances in power availability, i.e. with a fluctuation of the outlet concentration lower than ± 10%, in between 0,23 and 0,27 g/l . Simulation results show how the electrodialysis process is particularly suitable for the integration within polygeneration systems as energy-buffer.
Antonino Campione; Andrea Cipollina; Francesco Calise; Alessandro Tamburini; Mosè Galluzzo; Giorgio Micale. Coupling electrodialysis desalination with photovoltaic and wind energy systems for energy storage: Dynamic simulations and control strategy. Energy Conversion and Management 2020, 216, 112940 .
AMA StyleAntonino Campione, Andrea Cipollina, Francesco Calise, Alessandro Tamburini, Mosè Galluzzo, Giorgio Micale. Coupling electrodialysis desalination with photovoltaic and wind energy systems for energy storage: Dynamic simulations and control strategy. Energy Conversion and Management. 2020; 216 ():112940.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAntonino Campione; Andrea Cipollina; Francesco Calise; Alessandro Tamburini; Mosè Galluzzo; Giorgio Micale. 2020. "Coupling electrodialysis desalination with photovoltaic and wind energy systems for energy storage: Dynamic simulations and control strategy." Energy Conversion and Management 216, no. : 112940.
This work presents a thermoeconomic comparison between two different solar energy technologies, namely the evacuated flat-plate solar collectors and the photovoltaic panels, integrated as auxiliary systems into two renewable polygeneration plants. Both plants produce electricity, heat and cool, and are based on a 6 kWe organic Rankine cycle (ORC), a 17-kW single-stage H2O/LiBr absorption chiller, a geothermal well at 96 °C, a 200 kWt biomass auxiliary heater, a 45.55 kWh lithium-ion battery and a 25 m2 solar field. In both configurations, electric and thermal storage systems are included to mitigate the fluctuations due to the variability of solar radiation. ORC is mainly supplied by the thermal energy produced by the geothermal well. Additional heat is also provided by solar thermal collectors and by a biomass boiler. In an alternative layout, solar thermal collectors are replaced by photovoltaic panels, producing additional electricity with respect to the one produced by the ORC. To reduce ORC condensation temperature and increase the electric efficiency, a ground-cooled condenser is also adopted. All the components included in both plants were accurately simulated in a TRNSYS environment using dynamic models validated versus literature and experimental data. The ORC is modeled by zero-dimensional energy and mass balances written in Engineering Equation Solver and implemented in TRNSYS. The models of both renewable polygeneration plants are applied to a suitable case study, a commercial area near Campi Flegrei (Naples, South Italy), a location well-known for its geothermal sources and good solar availability. The economic results suggest that for this kind of plant, photovoltaic panels show lower pay back periods than evacuated flat-plate solar collectors, 13 years vs 15 years. The adoption of the electric energy storage system leads to an increase of energy-self-sufficiency equal to 42% and 47% for evacuated flat-plate solar collectors and the photovoltaic panels, respectively.
Francesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D’Accadia; Maria Vicidomini. Thermo-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Solar-Geothermal Polygeneration Plants in Different Configurations. Energies 2020, 13, 2391 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Francesco Liberato Cappiello, Massimo Dentice D’Accadia, Maria Vicidomini. Thermo-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Solar-Geothermal Polygeneration Plants in Different Configurations. Energies. 2020; 13 (9):2391.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D’Accadia; Maria Vicidomini. 2020. "Thermo-Economic Analysis of Hybrid Solar-Geothermal Polygeneration Plants in Different Configurations." Energies 13, no. 9: 2391.
Francesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D’Accadia; Maria Vicidomini. Dynamic simulation, energy and economic comparison between BIPV and BIPVT collectors coupled with micro-wind turbines. Energy 2020, 191, 1 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Francesco Liberato Cappiello, Massimo Dentice D’Accadia, Maria Vicidomini. Dynamic simulation, energy and economic comparison between BIPV and BIPVT collectors coupled with micro-wind turbines. Energy. 2020; 191 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Massimo Dentice D’Accadia; Maria Vicidomini. 2020. "Dynamic simulation, energy and economic comparison between BIPV and BIPVT collectors coupled with micro-wind turbines." Energy 191, no. : 1.
Two solar polygeneration systems were investigated for electricity, cooling and fresh water production. In the first scenario (LFPS), the linear Fresnel (LF) solar field was used as thermal source of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), absorption chiller (ACH) and multi-effect desalination (MED) unit. In the second scenario (PVPS), photovoltaic (PV) panels were considered as the electricity source to supply the electricity load that is required for lighting, electrical devices, compression chiller (CCH) and reverse osmosis (RO) units. A techno-economic comparison was made between two scenarios based on the land use factor (F), capacity utilization factor (CUF), payback period, levelized cost of electricity (LCE), levelized cost of cooling energy (LCC) and levelized cost of water (LCW). The calculations were conducted for four different locations in order to determine the effect of solar radiation level on the LCE, LCC and LCW of systems in both scenarios. The results showed that the LCE and LCW of PVPS is lower than that of LFPS and the LCC of LFPS is lower than that of PVPS. Also, the payback period of LFPS and PVPS systems are obtained as 13.97 years and 13.54 years, respectively, if no incentive is considered for the electricity sale.
Ighball Baniasad Askari; Francesco Calise; Maria Vicidomini. Design and Comparative Techno-Economic Analysis of Two Solar Polygeneration Systems Applied for Electricity, Cooling and Fresh Water Production. Energies 2019, 12, 4401 .
AMA StyleIghball Baniasad Askari, Francesco Calise, Maria Vicidomini. Design and Comparative Techno-Economic Analysis of Two Solar Polygeneration Systems Applied for Electricity, Cooling and Fresh Water Production. Energies. 2019; 12 (22):4401.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIghball Baniasad Askari; Francesco Calise; Maria Vicidomini. 2019. "Design and Comparative Techno-Economic Analysis of Two Solar Polygeneration Systems Applied for Electricity, Cooling and Fresh Water Production." Energies 12, no. 22: 4401.
Francesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Raffaele Vanoli; Maria Vicidomini. Economic assessment of renewable energy systems integrating photovoltaic panels, seawater desalination and water storage. Applied Energy 2019, 253, 1 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Francesco Liberato Cappiello, Raffaele Vanoli, Maria Vicidomini. Economic assessment of renewable energy systems integrating photovoltaic panels, seawater desalination and water storage. Applied Energy. 2019; 253 ():1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Francesco Liberato Cappiello; Raffaele Vanoli; Maria Vicidomini. 2019. "Economic assessment of renewable energy systems integrating photovoltaic panels, seawater desalination and water storage." Applied Energy 253, no. : 1.
Several countries have recently realized that the present development paradigm is not sustainable from an environmental and energy point of view. The growing awareness of the population regarding environmental issues is pushing governments worldwide more and more to promote policies aiming at limiting harmful effects of human development. In particular, the rapid increase of the global temperature, especially in the polar regions, and the management of human wastes, mainly plastic in seas, are some of the main points to be addressed by these novel policies. Several actions must be implemented in order to limit such issues. Unfortunately, the recent COP 24 Conference was not successful, but hopefully an agreement will be established in 2020 at the COP 26 Conference. The effort performed by policymakers must be mandatorily supported by the scientific community. In this framework, this paper aims at showing that countries worldwide are trying to negotiate an agreement to increase energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In addition, in this paper all the researchers reported can provide quantitative measures of the actions to be implemented in order to address a sustainable and efficient use of energy. Here, innovations in terms of novel efficient and environmentally friendly technologies mainly based on renewable energy sources have been also investigated. The study also highlights different sectors that have been involved for this aim, such as energy conversion systems, urban areas, mobility, sustainability, water management, social aspects, etc. In this framework, specific conferences are periodically organized in order to provide a forum for discussion regarding these topics. In this area the Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems (SDEWES) conference is the most ordinary conference. The 13th Sustainable Development of Energy, Water and Environment Systems Conference was held in Palermo, Italy in 2018. The current Special Issue of Energies, precisely dedicated to the 13th SDEWES Conference, is based on three main topics: energy policy and energy efficiency in urban areas, energy efficiency in industry and biomass and other miscellaneous energy systems.
Francesco Calise; Maria Vicidomini; Mário Costa; Qiuwang Wang; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Neven Duić. Toward an Efficient and Sustainable Use of Energy in Industries and Cities. Energies 2019, 12, 3150 .
AMA StyleFrancesco Calise, Maria Vicidomini, Mário Costa, Qiuwang Wang, Poul Alberg Østergaard, Neven Duić. Toward an Efficient and Sustainable Use of Energy in Industries and Cities. Energies. 2019; 12 (16):3150.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFrancesco Calise; Maria Vicidomini; Mário Costa; Qiuwang Wang; Poul Alberg Østergaard; Neven Duić. 2019. "Toward an Efficient and Sustainable Use of Energy in Industries and Cities." Energies 12, no. 16: 3150.
Annamaria Buonomano; Francesco Calise; Adolfo Palombo; Maria Vicidomini. Transient analysis, exergy and thermo-economic modelling of façade integrated photovoltaic/thermal solar collectors. Renewable Energy 2019, 137, 109 -126.
AMA StyleAnnamaria Buonomano, Francesco Calise, Adolfo Palombo, Maria Vicidomini. Transient analysis, exergy and thermo-economic modelling of façade integrated photovoltaic/thermal solar collectors. Renewable Energy. 2019; 137 ():109-126.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAnnamaria Buonomano; Francesco Calise; Adolfo Palombo; Maria Vicidomini. 2019. "Transient analysis, exergy and thermo-economic modelling of façade integrated photovoltaic/thermal solar collectors." Renewable Energy 137, no. : 109-126.