Wine materials quality characteristics evolve at fruit ripening stage. Grapes must be harvested at their maximum ripeness stage in order to obtain wine with a deep red colour, full body, soft tannins and fruit aroma. One way to evaluate the degree of fruit ripeness is the Glories method, the principle of which is based on determination of the total and extractable anthocyanin potential of grapes. In 2018 reseachs were conducted to study the eff ect of grapevine foliar fertilizing with organo-mineral fertilizers (“Siamino Pro 500” preparation) on productivity and enological characteristics of the vines, as well as the qualitative characteristics of respective wine materials. The studies demonstrated a positive eff ect of the experimental foliar dressing scheme on the grape yield – the increase made 18,1 % as compared to the means over the past 3 years. The experimental treatment scheme proved to stimulate earlier technical maturity of grapes, characterized by a high anthocyanin percentage extracted from peel, reduced by 20 % must enrichment with seed tannin, as compared to control. The oxidative enzymes activity of monophenol monooxygenase and peroxidase in the test sample was by 14 and 37 % lower than in the control. Base wines obtained from grapes treated by the organo-mineral fertilizer demonstrated intense colour, balanced aroma and taste.

ISHS III International Symposium on Horticultural Crop Wild Relatives The dynamics of the phenolic complex of grapes during ripening: comparison of Crimean autochthonous and classical cultivars

The modern level of knowledge development in the field of fundamental sciences makes it possible to reliably investigate the processes of evolution. The purpose of our research was to determine the need to establish the existing evolutionary transformations in resistance to abiotic and biotic stress factors of the biosphere in a grape plant, which may be natural for all horticulture crops, and on the other hand, based on the postulate of natural and experimental evolution, to prove the processes of natural evolution as a result of experimental breeding. The results obtained in the study of particular issues of genetics of grapes, based on the existence of general biological regularities, can be prolonged for interpretation, with reference to other horticulture crops. We studied the genetics of grapes, in particular crossability, the inheritance of signs and characteristics, the establishment of regularities in the display of selection value, and heterosis, allowing us to formulate the principles of modeling a new variety. Investigating the process of creating grape varieties that are resistant to biotic factor, it was suggested to consider it from the point of view of the coevolution of the plant and pathogen.