High-manganese austenitic steel represents an innovative variety of low-temperature steel used in the construction of liquefied natural gas (LNG) storage tanks. This steel boasts remarkable characteristics such as exceptional plasticity, superior toughness at cryogenic temperatures, and robust fatigue resistance, all while providing significant cost benefits. By utilizing high-manganese steel, the material manufacturing costs can be considerably lowered, simultaneously ensuring the long-term stability and safety of LNG storage tanks. The alloying design is pivotal in attaining superior performance in high-manganese steel. Choosing the right chemical components to control the stacked fault energy (SFE) of high-manganese steel and fine-tuning its structure can further improve the balance between strength and plasticity. Summarizing the advancements in alloying design for high-manganese steel is of great importance, as it offers a foundational dataset for correlating the chemical composition with the performance. Therefore, this paper outlines the deformation mechanisms and the principles of low-temperature brittleness in high-manganese austenitic steel, and from this foundation, it explicates the precise functions of alloying elements within it. This aims to provide a reference for future alloying designs and the industrial deployment of high-manganese steel in LNG storage tanks.

In this study, we focused on the corrosion behavior of X65 pipeline steel and X65Cu pipeline steel in sterile and P. aeruginosa-containing media. The resistance of Cu-bearing X65 pipeline steel against (microbiologically influenced corrosion) MIC caused by P. aeruginosa was investigated. Results demonstrate that the corrosion rate of X65Cu pipeline steel was lower than that of X65 pipeline steel whether it was in a sterile or bacteria-containing media. It is noticeable that, in the presence of P. aeruginosa, X65Cu pipeline steel can prevent the formation of biofilm to a certain degree and reduce the corrosion rate of X65Cu pipeline steel to less than half as that of X65 pipeline steel. In addition, and the maximum pitting depth and average pitting depth of X65Cu pipeline steel were also much lower than that of X65 pipeline steel. The addition of Cu effectively reduced the corrosion of P. aeruginosa to X65 grade pipeline steel and improved the resistance to MIC pitting corrosion.