Risley-prism-based image sensors can expand the imaging field of view through beam control. The larger the top angle of the prism, the higher the magnification of the field of view, but at the same time, it aggravates the problem of imaging aberrations, which also puts higher requirements on the aberration correction method for the Risley-prism-based image sensor. To improve the speed, accuracy, and stability of the aberration correction process, an automatic calibration method for the Risley-prism-based image sensor is proposed based on a two-axis turntable. The image datasets of the calibration plate with different prism rotation angles and object distances are acquired using a two-axis turntable. Then, the images of the calibration plate are pre-processed using the bicubic interpolation algorithm. The calibration parameters are finally calculated, and parameter optimization is performed. The experimental results verify the feasibility of this automated calibration method. The reprojection error of the calibration is within 0.26 pixels when the distance of the imaging sensor is 3.6 m from the object, and the fine aberration correction results are observed.