This article aims to analyze Brazil’s global competitiveness in the exportation of forest products from 2008 to 2018. Data on importation and exportation were obtained from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations - FAO, while Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Contribution to Trade Balance (CTB), and Terms of Trade (TOT) were the indicators used to measure international trade. The main results show that Brazil has a positive trade balance for forest products, mainly for wood pulp exports. Brazil’s RCA for forest products was classified as moderate to strong. As for the forest product groups, it was strong for wood pulp, weak to moderate for wood panels, weak for paper and paperboard, weak to nonexpressive for timber, and non-expressive for industrial roundwood and wood fuel. Based on Brazil’s CTB, all the forest product groups have a comparative advantage, except wood fuel. Brazil’s TOT was strong for wood panels, timber, industrial roundwood, wood pulp, in order from most to least expressive. In conclusion, Brazilian exports have comparative advantages and are competitive in the international market.

Sugarcane products come from agro-industrial biomass that is increasingly used in the Brazilian energy matrix, which is important for the sustainability and diversification of renewable energy sources. This article examines the concentration and structure of the supply of sugarcane bioelectricity in Brazil from 1975 to 2023. It uses information on the quantity and cumulative licensed potential of sugarcane-based thermoelectric plants in operation, available from the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL) through its Generation Information System (SIGA). To measure regional concentration, the study considered geographical areas (large regions, states, intermediate regions and municipalities) using the following concentration indicators: the Concentration Ratio, Herfindahl–Hirschman Index, Theil Entropy, Comprehensive Concentration Index, and Hall–Tideman Index. The main results show a high concentration of sugarcane bioelectricity at regional and state levels, with a predominance in the Southeast-Central-West axis. During the period analyzed, the State of São Paulo remained the leader in terms of energy generated by sugarcane thermoelectric plants operating in Brazil. In the intermediate regions, the concentration was moderate, while at the municipal level, the concentration was low, indicating a highly competitive market. It can be concluded that the areas with the highest concentration are strategic for directing investments and guiding public policies for the sugarcane bioelectricity sector, which are priority locations for new opportunities. The identification of the most promising regions contributes to a more efficient development of the sector. Given that, a more equitable distribution of bioelectricity production across the country could enhance Brazil’s energy security, reduce regional vulnerabilities, and promote more resilient energy systems.

Introducción: Los recursos forestales nativos, principalmente en el bioma caatinga brasileño, son importantes para la subsistencia de la población rural como para la industria local de cerámica roja y yeso.Objetivo: Analizar la disparidad municipal en el valor bruto de producción de productos madereros nativos en Paraíba, Brasil.Materiales y métodos: Se utilizaron datos sobre el valor bruto de producción (VBP) de productos forestales (leña, carbón y madera en rollo) de los municipios de Paraíba, Brasil, de 1994 a 2017. Esta información está disponible en Instituto de Geografía y Estadística Brasileñas (IBGE). Se utilizaron indicadores de ubicación (coeficientes de ubicación y redistribución) y de especialización (coeficientes de especialización y de reestructuración).Resultados y discusión: La leña era el principal producto maderero en los municipios de Paraíba y existía un efecto de sustitución entre leña y carbón vegetal; este mostró la mejor redistribución estatal y la madera en rollo la menor producción municipal. La mayor especialización se dio en el municipio de Baía da Traição, representado por la producción exclusiva de carbón vegetal. Los municipios de Tacima, Salgado de São Félix e Itapororoca presentaron mayor reestructuración, debido al cambio de la producción de carbón vegetal a la de leña.Conclusiones: La leña es el producto más importante en el estado de Paraíba, Brasil. Este trabajo se convierte en una fuente importante de información para el uso del recurso maderero.

Objetivo: O estudo foi avaliado à sustentabilidade na engenharia e obrigações as principais revistas e publicações que abordaram esse tema na indústria moderna e consideraram a perspectiva da indústria 4.0. Lacuna : A sustentabilidade é um tema de grande relevância nos dias atuais, e a indústria busca constantemente novas abordagens para alinhar suas práticas às demandas ambientais e sociais. Material e métodos: Utilizou o banco de dados Scopus e foram realizadas duas pesquisas abrangendo o tema da sustentabilidade (termos relacionados) e indústria 4.0 (termos relacionados). Na primeira pesquisa, foram utilizados termos de pesquisa relacionados à sustentabilidade (e seus sinônimos). Na segunda pesquisa, foram utilizados termos de pesquisa relacionados à indústria 4.0 (e seus sinônimos) para não perder conteúdos relevantes. Resultados e discussão: A fase da Indústria 4.0 baseada em tecnologias como os 'Sistemas Ciber-Físicos' e a 'Internet das Coisas'. Em 2018, o número de artigos aumentou significativamente. Em 2019, a quantidade de artigos dobrou em relação ao ano anterior, com um total de 37 artigos. Os resultados ressaltam a importância da indústria 4.0 em um contexto global e o impacto potencial das pesquisas nesse tema. Implicações da pesquisa: As principais revistas identificadas incluem "Sustainability", "Economics Management and Financial Markets" e "Journal of Self-Governance and Management Economics". O campo da Indústria 4.0 e sustentabilidade é dinâmico e está se tornando cada vez mais central no contexto da pesquisa científica. ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA DE

With increasing discussions about energy security and sustainable electricity generation, the supply of biomass resources, such as sugarcane energy, has become increasingly important for regional development. In this study, the impact of spatial dependence and distribution of the supply of sugar-energy bioelectricity in Brazil was examined using a spatial econometric model. Data from ANEEL’s Generation Information System were utilized to represent the Brazilian territory. Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis (ESDA) was employed as a method, with both bivariate and univariate correlations evaluated. In the scenario analysis, the results indicated a 133% increase in the number of sugarcane bagasse-based power plants in Brazil over the past twenty years (from 189 to 442 power plants), along with a 229% increase in GW potential (from 4.11 to 13.55 GW) over the same period. The results demonstrated that the Brazilian sector is expanding rapidly. Regarding spatial dependence, the results indicated that in Brazil, there is no clear correlation between electricity consumption and sugarcane supply, but the univariate analysis revealed that power availability is spatially connected, with the presence of high-supply clusters in the country. The spatial agglomerations showed an I_{Moran_Global} of 0.543 for intermediate regions and 0.453 for immediate regions. Spatial agglomeration may have a positive effect on improving regional performance by reducing the challenges involved in site selection, licensing, and grid connection. Thus, this work contributes by analyzing the spatial distribution of supply, which can be useful for energy planning. Furthermore, spatial differences and disparities complicate the management and formulation of public policies aimed at regional energy development, requiring spatial methods that identify areas with similar characteristics, such as the one applied in this study.