Handover schemes play a vital role on fog computing service (FCS) provided through vehicular network. It not only determines the quality of services (QoS), but also the security and safety of vehicular network system against adversaries. As a part of handover process, authentication between vehicles and a new fog node (FN) significantly contributes to protecting private information and infrastructure of vehicular network at once. In this paper, we propose a lightweight and secure mutual authentication scheme for handover process considering limited access FCS in the vehicular network environment and also service reservation scenario at login and service request phase. In the proposed scheme, mutual authentication process is assisted by a cloud server (CS) during login and service request phase in which CS distributes credentials for on-the-road authentication between vehicles and FN installed on road side unit (RSU). We demonstrate that our proposed scheme is lightweight due to employing one-way hash function and exclusive-or operation extensively. In addition, our scheme is efficient in terms of computational cost as well as computation cost. We show that our scheme achieves 1.1 to 56.67 times faster computation and also reduces the total message size by 30% to 58.21% in comparison with the previous authentication schemes in the most relevant environment. The informal and formal security analyses show that this authentication scheme can protect the secrecy of transactions of all interacting entities against various known attacks. In addition, validation using SPAN software based on AVISPA also confirms that the proposed authentication scheme can satisfy mutual authentication goal and at the same time also protect against replay and man-inthe-middle attack.

Passing through a rural area with a limited network infrastructure may disrupt fog computing support for vehicles. As a result, some applications on vehicles may turn off and bother the performance of the vehicular systems. In order to escape from this kind of situation, vehicular fog computing is discussed in recent times as an alternative of fog computing support while passing through a blank spot of network infrastructure. However, it is not feasible to establish a trusted vehicular fog computing service among vehicles without mutual trust. To deal with this situation, this paper proposes a method called Bidding-Price-based Transaction (BPT) for vehicular fog computing service in rural areas. This method is composed of bidding-price-based mutual trust establishment between client vehicle and server vehicle and also payoff assignment based on transaction evaluation. By applying this method, trusted fog computing service transactions between two vehicles can be achieved without the direct assistance of any trusted third party as a validating entity. The simulation results and feasibility analysis then validate the performance of the BPT scheme in rural areas. Based on feasibility analysis, we claim that the BPT scheme can be realized by adjusting vehicle speed and transmission range with respect to the size of offloaded data.

In the time of passing through rural area, vehicles sometimes need to deal with blank spots of wireless network (4G/5G/WiFi/others). As a result, vehicles are unable to access fog computing service based on road side unit (RSU) infrastructure. To deal with this situation, vehicles utilize other vehicles' huge computational resource during their travel. However, it is not easy to put trust on other unknown vehicles since it can lead to a serious consequence for both user and server of vehicular fog computing service. In this paper, we attempt to fill gaps on establishing a trusted vehicular fog computing environment by mean of bidding price-based transaction (BPT) method. Through this method, vehicles do not need to encounter any trusted third party to have fog computing transaction with other vehicles. Moreover, every malicious activity may cause actors to lose bidding and trust, and then victim will gain redeem point as the compensation for receiving loss in transaction. In the end, this novel method is effective in limiting the number of potential attacks by mean of bidding price and payoff.

Microservices deployment remains insecure because it relies on the knowledge of microservices’ users against security aspects in some particular fog computing networks. As a consequence, the users need to carefully assess the vulnerability of the micorservices’ deployment. In addition, the users have to ensure that transactions between microservices and fog computing server should be verified and protected against any potential attacks. This paper proposes secure microservices deployment for environment of fog computing services by establishing trusted and authenticated communication channel prior to engaging any transactions among all entities. The proposed method is lightweight due to employing one-way hash function and XOR operation. Eventually, performance evaluation shows that the method is secure against replay attack, offline guessing attack, impersonation attack, and ephemeral secret leakage attack. Moreover, the proposed scheme is more lightweight in terms of communication and computational cost with respect to the J-PAKE algorithm.

This paper proposes message scheduling on dedicated time slot of ISA100.11a to satisfy real time property. In this paper, a superframe is designed to accommodate periodic real time (PRT) message, aperiodic real time (alarm) message, and non real time (NRT) message. To do so, a superframe is divided into dedicated time slot (DTS) which is used to send PRT message and shared time slot (STS) which is used to send alarm and NRT message. Then, the schedulability of all PRT-messages in the network is analyzed and clustered into low traffic or high traffic scheduling. The results show that this proposed method is feasible to map PRT message into superframe and multi-superframe. As the consequence, PRT message can be delivered within the deadline. Finally, real time and reliable wireless networked control system can be achieved by applying this proposed method.

Makalah ini mengkaji respon mahasiswa Fakultas Teknik Elektro Universitas Telkom terkait kegiatan merdeka belajar kampus merdeka (MBKM) yang dilaksanakan selama tahun 2021. Kajian dilaksanakan berdasarkan hasil survei kuantitatif yang diselenggarakan oleh SPADA DIKTI sebagai rangkaian program MBKM nasional. Meskipun responden survei secara keseluruhan mencakup mahasiswa, dosen, dan tenaga kependidikan, makalah ini membatasi responden hanya mahasiswa. Dalam survei, secara khusus pertanyaan kuesioner memiliki tiga topik bahasan, yakni pra-pelaksanaan, pelaksanaan, serta evaluasi MBKM. Hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa secara umum, mahasiswa merespon secara positif (tertarik) dengan kegiatan MBKM. Sebanyak 87,75% mahasiswa menganggap bahwa kegiatan MBKM dapat memperluas wawasan dan kompetensi tambahan mahasiswa; serta sebanyak 76,3% mahasiswa merasa bahwa pengetahuan yang diperoleh dianggap relevan dengan kebutuhan di masa mendatang. Di sisi lain, terdapat beberapa hal untuk diperbaiki, antara lain, kelengkapan panduan kegiatan baik terkait akademik maupun operasional perlu disediakan secara lengkap dan mudah diperoleh. Selain itu, perguruan tinggi perlu berpartisipasi lebih aktif dalam melakukan sosialisasi, khususnya melalui kanal informasi resmi, media sosial, dan kanal komunitas.