Background: 3D models are nowadays part of daily clinical practice. Photogrammetry is a brand-new method for transforming small objects into 3D models while keeping their original shape and size. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy, in terms of precision and trueness, of a digital dental model acquired with photogrammetry compared with those obtained using extraoral scanners and intraoral scanners, starting from the same plaster model. Methods: A plaster model was converted into a digital model using photogrammetry, an extraoral scanner and an intraoral scanner. Different references were measured twice at a distance of 30 min for each model, on the digital models using the software Blender and on the plaster model using a calibre. The Interclass Correlation Coefficient was calculated for each pair of measurements. A volumetric analysis was performed by superimposing the digital models. The coefficient of variation was calculated. A two-way ANOVA test was conducted. Results: For each reference, the coefficient of variation was less than 3%, and the two ANOVA tests resulted in a non-significant value in both cases (p > 0.05). The volumetric analysis demonstrated good agreement between the models derived from the different acquisition methods. Conclusions: Photogrammetry seems to be a good method for acquiring digital models starting from a plaster model, all the methods tested seem to be good for obtaining an accurate three-dimensional digital model. Other studies are needed to evaluate clinical efficacy.

The aim of this study was to verify treatment accuracy using virtual surgical planning (VSP) with a mandible-first sequence and strict surgical protocol to determine what surgical and methodological factors might influence outcomes. VSP transfer accuracy was evaluated retrospectively through a modified method involving voxel-based superimposition in patients who had undergone bimaxillary surgery with a mandible-first sequence to correct dentoskeletal deformities. Data analysis showed that the movements planned and those executed were substantially equivalent (p < 0.01), with the exception of mandibular and maxillary sagittal movements that were 0.72 ± 0.90 mm and 1.41 ± 1.04 mm smaller, respectively, than planned. This study showed that a mandible-first sequence is accurate for transferring virtual surgical planning intraoperatively. There are several factors involved in the proper transfer of virtual planning beyond the software, such as surgical technique and sequencing. Inaccurate sagittal movements and maxillary repositioning seem to depend mainly on surgical factors.

Bimaxillary orthognathic surgery is widely used for the correction of dentoskeletal deformities. Surgery sequencing (maxilla or mandible first) remains debated, and guidelines and consensus are lacking. This scoping review summarizes the state of the art and compares the advantages and disadvantages of both approaches. The review was conducted following PRISMA-ScR guidelines. Three electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science) were searched using the PICO protocol and key words in orthognathic surgical sequencing. Four reviewers screened the records independently, and disagreement was resolved by consensus. A total of 23 records met the inclusion criteria. The advantages and disadvantages of the two approaches were compared and assessed for accuracy of reporting. Within the limitations of the present study, available evidence for the intrinsic advantages and the accuracy of the mandible-first sequence supports the choice of this approach in most cases. Nevertheless, each clinical case needs to be evaluated individually, as no dogmatic recommendations can be given for sequencing in bimaxillary orthognathic surgery.

The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate long-term patient satisfaction after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery planned according to the Face-Airway-Bite (FAB) philosophy. A sample of 65 patients out of 80 consecutively treated between 2015 and 2017 met the inclusion criteria for the study. All patients suffered from different type of malocclusions and were treated with bimaxillary orthognathic surgery at the Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Verona. Each patient completed a 15-item ad hoc questionnaire investigating the reasons for undergoing treatment and evaluating presurgical and long-term postsurgical satisfaction with facial appearance, breathing, and chewing. Epworth sleepiness scale was administered before and after treatment. In the study group, 48% of patients underwent surgery to correct malocclusion, 22% to enhance facial appearance, 18% to resolve temporomandibular joint pain, and 12% for other reasons. Patients presenting for solely OSAS were excluded from the study to prevent skewing of the data. The mean score for long-term satisfaction was 9.06 ± 1.03/10. The mean facial appearance score was 5.26/10 before and 8.85/10 after surgery, respectively. The mean chewing score was 5.30/10 before and 8.81/10 after surgery. Although none of patients reported breathing problems before surgery, 65% of them referred postoperative breathing improvement. The mean follow-up period for questionnaire administration was 32months. Patients undergoing bimaxillary orthognathic surgery planned according to the FAB principles reported high satisfaction with treatment outcomes. Patients' outcome approval was primarily related to improvement in function and aesthetics; however, airway and pain complaints were additionally improved.

INPLASY202390022 Sequencing in orthognathic bimaxillary surgery: which jaw should be operated first? A scoping review Keywords: Orthognathic surgery; Bimaxillary surgery; Surgical sequence in ortho…