Urban green space accessibility is an essential consideration in determining environmental liveability and the well-being of individuals, and the spatial inequity of urban green space supply and demand has become a research focus. However, few studies have conducted a multidimensional and comprehensive assessment of the influences on accessibility from the different perspectives of supply and demand. To address this, our study centred on the mountainous Chongqing region and established a comprehensive research framework examining the spatial pattern of accessibility of urban green spaces and its correlation with physical geographical elements and socioeconomic factors. We reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of urban green space accessibility by using Gaussian-based two-step floating catchment area and network analysis methods and further observe the spatial clustering features utilising hotspot analysis. The ordinary least squares (OLS) model and the spatial lag model were used to evaluate the physical geographical and socioeconomic disparities. Our findings reveal explicit blind spots in urban green space accessibility, primarily within the 30 min travel threshold in the city’s marginal area. A discernible supply–demand imbalance existed in the urban core, constituted by implicit blind spots. Furthermore, we identified that the relationship between urban green space accessibility and elevation under different methods is not always consistently significant over space because spatial heterogeneity may exist. Most concerningly, the study found inequities in urban green space accessibility, particularly impacting vulnerable demographics such as the elderly and lower-income groups. These results can inform urban planners and policymakers about the blind spots of urban green space accessibility and sufficiently consider the physical and socioeconomic heterogeneity of the space to determine where and how to implement inclusive urban greening policies or planning schemes. It is also of great significance in increasing awareness of vulnerable groups and preventing environmental inequality.

Rapid urbanization is widespread globally, particularly impacting developing countries. In the face of climate challenges and shrinking public spaces resulting from urbanization, the significance of green infrastructure (GI) for human well-being and sustainability has increasingly taken center stage. This study employs an array of social-environmental benefits to evaluate GI’s contributions to human well-being, including mitigation of the urban heat island (UHI) effect, recreational functions, enhanced landscape connectivity, and efficient stormwater management. By mapping GI’s advantages, we scrutinized tradeoffs and ‘hot spots’ linked to these benefits within a metropolitan region. Moreover, we correlated GI’s advantages with the well-being of different socio-economic status (SES) groups by global and local regression. The study reveals environmental inequality, with higher SES areas—such as affluent and well-educated neighborhoods—providing superior and multifaceted GI benefits. The income coefficient is significantly positively correlated with the recreation function at the 1% significance level, while the coefficient for education is significant at the 10% level. Moreover, the income coefficient (0.349) surpasses the education coefficient (0.012). Our research also highlights that accessibility to GI’s recreational services may be an essential and overlooked indicator of environmental justice, especially for communities with a high proportion of elderly and low-income individuals.