Product–service systems (PSSs) have significant sustainability potential. However, limited knowledge is available on the choices to develop circular PSS solutions. The goal of this paper is to provide a circular innovation framework containing circular strategies to facilitate the decision-making in PSS circular innovation. A systematic literature review in combination with content analysis underpinned this research. The strategies were investigated in 45 PSS cases from the literature. A coding system was designed and employed to identify and organize the circular strategies and practices. The statistics techniques employed were frequency and co-occurrence analysis, which aimed to describe the synergies among strategies. The framework proposed contains twenty-one circular strategies. The practical perspective comprises the seventy-seven practices used for the operationalization of strategies. The framework can assist organizations in making strategic to tactical decisions when developing circular PSS solutions. The paper provides a panorama of the strategy applications among the PSS types. Finally, the research approach can be employed to continuously develop an understanding of the application of circular strategies in PSS and other fields.

The relationship between packaging and sustainability has caused the evolution of literature towards the minimization of environmental damage. The task of packaging professionals is becoming more demanding, as they need to collect information from distinct topics to stay up to date. The aim of this research is to gather information on packaging in the sustainability context to provide a systemic view of the contents, to identify opportunities, and define guidelines for packaging design. A systematic literature review of 472 papers was performed. The first step was a bibliographic search using Pack *, Sustainab *, and eco * as keywords. Secondly, the content analysis revealed the emergence of nine categories grouped in four clusters. These categories and nineteen subthemes were considered research opportunities. Going beyond the coding units of the content analysis, we have used context units to propose (i) the gathering of technical procedures to support the design phases of sustainable packaging; and (ii) the proposition of a framework based on the life cycle stages and design phases. At last, we have provided insights and guidelines that can be useful for packaging professionals.

Purpose: A comprehensive understanding about open innovation implementation is still lacking. In particular, a compilation of drivers and barriers for OI implementation is absent from the literature. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to identify critical success factors (CSFs) for OI implementation at the firm level. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review was conducted in order to identify CSFs for OI implementation in previously published literature. A total of 2,894 papers were identified, 156 of which were subjected to full independent analysis by the three authors. The following aspects were considered: research strategy, approach (empirical or theoretical) and objectives; theoretical background; methodological procedures; main results; and contributions to the literature. If the paper reported empirical research that included a description of actual OI implementation, additional aspects were analyzed: industry or sector of application; firm characteristics; success of OI implementation and OI tools and techniques reported. Findings: A synthetizing framework with six thematic categories of CSFs was proposed: leadership, internal innovation capability, network and relationships, strategy, technology management, and culture. A total of 22 CSFs for OI implementation were identified within these categories. Originality/value: The proposed framework is an attempt to systematically generate a comprehensive list of factors that impact OI implementation. As such, it can support the theoretical development of OI-related capabilities, and serve as basis for future research that investigates operationalization and measurement of such capabilities.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the relation between the utilization of the customization strategy and the availability of the online toolkit and its features with the commercial variables of businesses.Design/methodology/approach: The sample used in this paper consists of 134 cases of corporate brands in the automobile industry; their sales correspond to 49.12 percent of vehicles produced in 2012. The logistic regression analysis was then applied to the sample.Findings: This paper confirmed the relationship between the use of toolkits for customization and business variables, like vehicle sales.Originality/value: The generated model allows the prediction of market conditions which recommended to provide the toolkit for customization, and if implemented, what combination of features it must have.