Hippophae gyantsensis Lian is a pioneering tree species in Chinese forestry ecological engineering, known for its robust stress tolerance, water retention capacity, and soil improvement qualities. However, the lack of rapid nursery technology has been a significant impediment to the development of the H. gyantsensis industry. In the present study, we have successfully established a tissue culture regeneration system for H. gyantsensis. The most effective methods for seed disinfection, ensuring sterility in seedlings, were found to be 75% alcohol disinfection for 40 s and 10% sodium hypochlorite disinfection for 10 min. The best media tested for callus induction in cotyledons and hypocotyls of sterile seedlings were 1/3 MS + 0.5 mg/L KT + 0.75 mg/L NAA and 1/3 MS + 0.3 mg/L 6-BA + 1.5 mg/L IBA, respectively. As the explants, cotyledons yielded larger calli with a greater size and differentiation ability than hypocotyls. For the induction of indeterminate shoots and proliferation, the most suitable media were 1/3 MS + 0.5 mg/L IAA + 0.75 mg/L 6-BA and 1/3 MS + 1.0 mg/L 6-BA + 0.05 mg/L IBA + 0.1 mg/L KT, respectively. Lastly, the best worked rooting formulation was 1/4 MS + 0.3 mg/L IBA. This study marks a significant milestone in the establishment of a systematic tissue culture regeneration system for H. gyantsensis, which will facilitate the industrial rapid propagation of high-quality seedlings and provide the foundation for improvement through genetic transformation.

Ginkgo biloba is one of the most widely cultivated dioecious timber trees in China. Understanding sex-related differences and how they affect growth traits and wood properties is crucial for informed management and optimal utilization of ginkgoes. In the present study, we collected 42 ginkgo samples and conducted DNA molecular identification to determine their sex. The result was a 1:1 ratio of male to female specimens. In addition, we measured 16 growth-trait and wood-property indices for these samples using advanced equipment, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the Hitman ST300 standing tree tool. For growth traits, significant differences were observed between male and female ginkgoes in terms of the diameter at breast height (DBH), clear bole height (CBH), height, and volume. Significant differences were identified in wood properties between male and female ginkgoes in terms of the degree of cellulose crystallinity (DCC), cell length, cell wall thickness, and wall-to-lumen ratio. Tracheids from female trees were found to be wider, with thicker cell walls, than those from male trees. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that there was a slight separation between the sexes in terms of all growth traits, whereas there was no separation in wood properties. The membership function value (MFV) also showed that male ginkgo exhibited a more robust phenotype than female ginkgo. The selection of male ginkgo for breeding and utilization offers distinct advantages for practical production.