Background: Coffee is considered one of the most preferred and consumed beverage types in the world, and caffeine is known to increase physical performance due to its ergogenic properties. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of coffee consumption in different forms on cortisol, testosterone, lactic acid and anaerobic performance levels. Methods: A total of 15 licensed male football players participated in the research voluntarily. The research was implemented in a single-blind, counterbalanced, randomized and crossover study design. Participants were given caffeinated coffee (CK), decaffeinated coffee (placebo) (DK), powdered caffeine (in a gelatin capsule) (PC) and powdered placebo (maltodextrin in a capsule) (PM) on different days, and the Wingate test protocol was performed after the warm-up protocol. Blood samples were collected post-test. Cortisol, testosterone and lactic acid levels in the serum samples taken were determined by the ELISA method. Results: As a result, it was revealed that caffeinated coffee given to participants who exercise increased anaerobic power. However, it was observed that lactic acid levels were higher in placebo and decaffeinated coffee. The highest level of cortisol was found in caffeinated coffee and powdered caffeine compared to the placebo. Testosterone values were observed to be highest in caffeinated coffee and decaffeinated coffee compared to a placebo. Conclusions: The study suggests that the type of caffeine is a factor that affects absorption rate, which impacts performance and hormone levels.

Bu çalışmanın amacı core egzersizlerinin taekwondoya yeni başlayan 10-12 yaş çocuklarda bazı fiziksel performans parametrelerine etkisini incelemektir. Aynı kulüpte taekwondo deneyimi olan 20 katılımcı deney (n=10) ve kontrol (n=10) grubu olarak rastgele iki eşit gruba ayrılmıştır. Kontrol grubu 8 hafta boyunca haftada 3 gün yalnızca taekwondo antrenman programına katılırken deney grubu ek olarak core egzersiz programına katılmıştır. Katılımcılar, program başlangıcında ve program sonunda dikey sıçrama, durarak uzun atlama, flamingo denge, plank, t-drill testi, 20 m sürat, 30 sn mekik ve 30 sn şınav testlerinde değerlendirilmiştir. Deney grubunda grup içi karşılaştırmada dikey sıçrama, durarak uzun atlama, flamingo denge, plank, t-drill testi, 20 m sürat, 30 sn mekik ve 30 sn şınav testlerinde anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Kontrol grubunda grup içi karşılaştırmada dikey sıçrama, durarak uzun atlama, flamingo denge, plank, t-drill testi, 30 sn mekik ve 30 sn şınav testlerinde anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmişken (p0.05). Gruplar arası karşılaştırmada dikey sıçrama, durarak uzun atlama, flamingo denge, plank, t-drill testi, 20 m sürat, 30 sn mekik ve 30 sn şınav testlerinde anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p<0.05). Sonuç olarak, core egzersiz programının fiziksel performans parametreleri üzerine olumlu etkilere sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir.

In this study, the effects of exercise applied to sedentary individuals and the use of pomegranate–black carrot juice on minerals, fatty acids and some biochemical parameters were examined. Twenty healthy sedentary men participated in this study. This research consisted of three stages. Blood samples were taken from the participants before this study (Baseline), after the participants exercised (60 min/day) for 10 days (Exercise_only), after the participants were given pomegranate–black carrot juice mixture (100 mL/100 mL) along with exercise (60 min/day) for 10 days (Exercise_+supp). While AST and ALT levels increased in the Exercise_only phase, they showed a relative decrease in the Exercise_+supp phase. It was determined that Mg level in the Exercise_only phase decreased compared to the Baseline and the Exercise_+supp phase. It was determined that the Zn level in the Exercise_+supp phase increased compared to the Zn level in the Exercise_only phase. It was determined that 6:0, 12:0 and 14:0 fatty acid levels increased in the Exercise_only phase compared to the Baseline. A decrease was detected in the Exercise_only phase compared to the Baseline 18:2n6c, 18:3n6 and 18:3n3 fatty acid levels. It can be said that exercise and the use of pomegranate–black carrot juice mixture in sedentary individuals have supportive and corrective effects on serum mineral, fatty acids and some biochemical parameters.

Background. In this study, the effects of pomegranate-black carrot juice mixture on serum and erythrocytes of sedentary individuals who had exhaustion test were investigated. Methods. A total of 20 men voluntarily participated in the study. Blood samples were obtained from participants on three conditions. First, before the study, blood samples of participants were collected (baseline). Second, the same participants performed in the 20-meter shuttle run test for 1 week each day and were subjected to oxidative stress. Lastly, the same participants were given a mixture of pomegranate-black carrot juices (100ml/100ml) for a week, 45minutes prior to the 20-meter shuttle run test, and the stress+supplement was performed. Blood samples were taken at the end of each process. Results. In the erythrocytes, while the oxidative stress condition malondialdehyde (MDA) level and carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme activity levels increased compared to the baseline, reduced glutathione (GSH) level, glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzyme activity levels decreased. In stress+supplement conditions, while GSH and GR levels increased according to oxidative stress conditions, CA and MDA levels decreased. While the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level of the oxidative stress condition increased compared to the baseline, the LDH level of the stress+supplement decreased compared to the oxidative stress condition. Conclusions. Our results showed that the level of oxidative stress in subjects exposed to the exhaustion test decreased with the mixture of pomegranate-black carrot juices.

Bu çalışmanın amacı tabata protokolünün voleybolcularda bazı fiziksel performans parametrelerine etkisini incelemektir. Voleybol kursuna katılan 11-12 yaş arası 30 kız katılımcı çalışmaya gönüllü olarak dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılar deney (n=15) ve kontrol (n=15) grubu olarak rastgele iki eşit gruba ayrılmıştır. Kontrol grubu 6 hafta boyunca yalnızca teknik ve taktik voleybol antrenman programına katılırken deney grubu ek olarak tabata protokolüne de katılmıştır. Tüm katılımcıların dikey sıçrama, durarak uzun atlama, t-drill, 20 metre sürat, 30 saniye mekik ve 30 saniye şınav testleri 6 hafta öncesi ve sonrasında değerlendirilmiştir. Deney ve kontrol grubunun ön test ve son test bulgularında dikey sıçrama, durarak uzun atlama, t-drill, 20 metre sürat, 30 saniye mekik ve 30 saniye şınav testlerinde anlamlı bir farklılık tespit edilmiştir (p0.05), dikey sıçrama, durarak uzun atlama, t-drill, 20 metre sürat ve 30 saniye şınav testlerinde deney grubu lehine anlamlı bir farklılık olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p

Background/Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of sarcopenia and frailty in patients with acromegaly and hypopituitarism to healthy controls. Methods: This descriptive, comparative study included 32 patients with acromegaly, 24 patients with hypopituitarism, and 28 healthy volunteers who had undergone abdominal computed tomography (CT) within a month of their presentation at the endocrinology outpatient clinic between October 2023 and October 2024. The Tilburg Frailty Indicator was used to measure frailty. Sarcopenia was assessed using a dynamometer to measure handgrip strength and a CT-derived skeletal muscle index (SMI) at the L3 spinal level to measure muscle mass. Results: Both the hypopituitarism (7.5 ± 2.8) and acromegaly (7 ± 2.7) groups had substantially greater frailty ratings than the controls (4.8 ± 2.9) (p = 0.015). Frailty prevalence was 43% in the control group, 75% in acromegaly, and 83% in hypopituitarism (p = 0.019). The hypopituitarism group’s muscle strength (20.8 ± 7.4 kg) was substantially lower than that of the acromegaly (37.5 ± 14.3 kg) and control groups (36.4 ± 9.6 kg) (p < 0.001). Patients with hypopituitarism had substantially lower SMI values (45.1 ± 11.3 cm²/m²) than those with acromegaly (53 ± 8.9 cm²/m²) (p = 0.04). A total of 50% of the control group, 9% of those with acromegaly, and 54% of those with hypopituitarism had probable or confirmed sarcopenia (p < 0.001). Conclusions: This study shows that frailty is more prevalent in patients with acromegaly and hypopituitarism than in healthy controls, with sarcopenia being especially noticeable in hypopituitarism. After adjusting for age and sex, the association with frailty remained significant for hypopituitarism (OR = 5.24, p = 0.021) while acromegaly showed a borderline trend (OR = 3.00, p = 0.076). These results imply that pituitary hormones might contribute to maintaining the functional ability and integrity of the musculoskeletal system. Further research in prospective studies using population-based controls is necessary to examine screening for frailty and sarcopenia in patients with pituitary diseases.