Introduction: The premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a critical factor in women’s health, which, in addition to physical inactivity, can be influenced by the body mass index (BMI), stress, and mental state, among others. The study aimed to assess the severity of PMS symptoms among young women regarding physical inactivity, BMI, mental state, and perceived stress level.Methods: A total of 198 female participants between the ages of 18–45 took part in a 6-month cross-sectional online questionnaire study. The average age of the participants was 25.37 ± 4.80 years. To assess physical activity, stress, mental state, and premenstrual symptoms, we employed standard questionnaires, including the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), and the Premenstrual Assessment Form-Short Form (PAF-SF). The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 28.0 software, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.Results: During the analysis, we observed a significant relationship (p = 0.020) between regular exercise and the severity of PMS symptoms, as well as between mental state and PMS symptoms (p < 0.001). Furthermore, our findings revealed a significant negative correlation between regular physical activity and perceived stress levels (r = −0.179; p = 0.012), as well as between regular exercise and the participants’ mental state (r = −0.157; p = 0.027). Additionally, we identified a significant difference (p < 0.001) among the six subgroups formed based on the PAF-SF and average PSS questionnaire results. Moreover, a significant difference was observed between the PAF-SF case and control groups in terms of BMI averages (p = 0.019).Discussion: The research findings indicate that the severity of PMS symptoms is influenced by regular physical activity, mental state, and stress.

Background/Objectives: To support women’s informed decisions and reproductive self-care, confident reproductive health-related knowledge is needed, supported by adequate health literacy (HL). No corresponding survey has been carried out in Hungary on inequalities to provide information addressing education. Materials and Methods: In the current cross-sectional online survey, 301 women of reproductive age (27.16 ± 0.36 years) were asked with the Hungarian versions of validated and standardised questionnaires about reproductive knowledge on hormones, ovulation, menstrual cycle, pregnancy signs and birth control (Knowledge of Female Body Scale—KFB), and HL (Brief Health Literacy Screening Tool—BRIEF). Spearman correlation and multivariable linear regression analyses were utilised, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. IBM SPSS version 28.0 (IBM SPSS, Armonk, NY, USA: IBM Corp.) and G*Power (version 3.1.9.7; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany) software. The STROBE checklist was followed. The Clinical Trial Registry Nr. is NCT06146673. Results: The KFB composite score was high (20.01 ± 2.33); 86.374% had “high knowledge”. Still, lacking information was identified for the mechanisms of certain contraceptive methods and early physical signs of pregnancy. A significant difference was also found in the KFB scores in the case of higher age (p = 0.019), higher education level (p = 0.018) and previous live birth (p = 0.028). A positive correlation was found between KFB and HL (p < 0.001), education (p = 0.005), and age (p = 0.021). A multiple regression analysis (R² = 0.087, p < 0.001) indicated that both HL (p < 0.001) and age (p = 0.003) are potential positive predictors of adequate reproductive knowledge, whereas induced abortion (p = 0.013) might serve as an inverse predictor. Conclusions: Inequalities in women’s knowledge about their reproductive system and HL were found, and it was significantly the lowest in their highest conception probability age. Therefore, in addition to targeted education, HL also needs improvement.

Introduction: Several studies report on the importance of physical activity (PA) in childhood, which influences attitudes towards health in adulthood. For monitoring PA, trustworthy measurement tools are needed. The study aimed to adapt the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) to the Hungarian language and assess its validity, reliability, and factor structure. Methods: A total of 620 children (the average age was 10.62 (SD 2.36)) participated in the cross-sectional study. To assess physical activity, the PAQ-C questionnaire was used. The collected data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 28.0 and IBM SPSS AMOS 29.0 software. Results: The internal consistency was acceptable (alpha = 0.729) and the test-retest reliability showed acceptable agreement (ICC = 0.772). The confirmatory factor favoured a one-factor structure of the questionnaire. The average PAQ-C score for girls was 2.87 (SD 1.07), and for boys it was 3.00 (SD 1.05), which showed a significant difference (p = 0.005). Discussion: Based on our findings, our study tested the validity and reliability of the one-factor PAQ-C questionnaire, a valid and reliable measurement tool to test the physical activity patterns of primary school children in a Hungarian sample. Further research is needed to develop physical activity monitoring of Hungarian children.

Objectives: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a prevalent condition that significantly impacts the quality of life. This study aimed to validate the Hungarian version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-FLUTS) and assess its psychometric properties in the context of the Hungarian population. Study design: A cross-sectional study involved 215 Hungarian-speaking women with a mean age of 67.6 ± 11.9 years. Main outcome measure: Participants were administered both the ICIQ-FLUTS and the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form (ICIQ-SF). The psychometric analysis included test–retest reliability, convergent validity, and internal consistency. Results: The Hungarian version of ICIQ-FLUTS demonstrated strong psychometric properties. The test–retest reliability analysis showed a high intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC = 0.921), indicating excellent agreement between measurements over a 14-day interval. Convergent validity was supported by a strong positive correlation between the total scores of ICIQ-FLUTS and ICIQ-SF (ρ = 0.686, p < 0.001), emphasizing shared underlying constructs. Furthermore, the ICIQ-FLUTS questionnaire exhibited good internal consistency, with a Cronbach’s α coefficient of 0.862. Conclusions: This study successfully validated the Hungarian version of the ICIQ-FLUTS questionnaire and demonstrated its robust psychometric properties. This tool will enable healthcare practitioners and researchers to effectively assess and address UI’s impact on their quality of life.

Premenstrual symptoms, including premenstrual syndrome and its more severe form premenstrual dysphoric disorder, are a set of somatic and psychological symptoms that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Our research aimed to adapt the Hungarian version of the Premenstrual Assessment Form-Short Form (PAF-SF), a questionnaire suitable for assessing premenstrual symptoms, and to examine its reliability, validity, and applicability. The questionnaire was validated according to Beaton's six-step guidelines. Our sample consisted of 198 menstruating women, 50 of whom completed the instrument for a second time to assess reliability. Descriptive statistics were calculated presenting mean (standard deviation), the internal consistency was measured by Cronbach's alpha value, the test–retest reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients, Spearman rank correlation was applied to test the criterion validity of the questionnaire, and discriminant validity was examined using the independent-sample t test using IBM SPSS 28.0 software. The structural validity was evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using IBM AMOS 29.0 software. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. Our sample (average age 25.37 ± 4.80 years) scored 28.08 ± 9.49 points out of the maximum 60 points when filling out the PAF-SF questionnaire. The result of Cronbach's alpha calculation, which supports the reliability of the questionnaire, was 0.845. During the CFA, the three-factor structure (Affect, Water Retention, and Pain) was supported (root mean-square error approximation [RMSEA] = 0.054; Tucker–Lewis Index = 0.965; Comparative Fit Index = 0.976; χ² = 48.642; df = 31; p = 0.023; χ²/df = 1.569). The PAF-SF questionnaire proved to be a reliable measuring tool for assessing premenstrual symptoms among women of reproductive age.

Bevezetés: Gyakori jelenség a terhesség alatti hát- és kismedencei fájdalom, amely befolyásolja az anya közérzetét és jóllétét a terhesség ideje alatt, valamint a szülés után is. Célkitűzés: Célunk az volt a kutatásunk során, hogy vizsgáljuk a derék- és medenceövi fájdalmat befolyásoló tényezőket a terhesség alatt, valamint a szülést követő egy évben. Módszer: Keresztmetszeti kérdőíves kutatásunkban 220 (átlagéletkor: 40,44 ± 4,93 év) egy éven belül szült nő vett részt. A kérdőívcsomag általános és női egészségi állapotra irányuló kérdéseket foglalt magában, valamint önálló, validált kérdőívekként tartalmazta a Nemzetközi Fizikai Aktivitás Kérdőív rövidített változatát, az Oswestry Rokkantsági Indexet, valamint a Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire-t. Az általunk használt statisztikai szoftverek a Microsoft Office Excel 2016, valamint a Statistical Package for Social Sciences 28.0 verziók voltak, a szignifikanciaszint p<0,05 értékként került meghatározásra. Eredmények: A terhesség előtti és alatti derékfájdalom erősségének mértékét mérő vizuális analóg skála pontszámai között szignifikáns különbség mutatkozott (p<0,001), a terhesség alatti és utáni pontszámok között azonban nem jelentkezett szignifikáns eltérés (p = 0,201). Pozitív irányú, szignifikáns volt a kapcsolat a derékfájdalom mértéke és az Oswestry Rokkantsági Index pontszámai között (r = 0,679; p<0,001), valamint a terhesség alatti derékfájás erősségének mértékét kifejező vizuális analóg skála pontszámai és a terhesség alatti testtömegindex között (r = 0,135; p = 0,045). A „rendszeresen sportoló” és „rendszeresen nem sportoló” csoportok Pelvic Girdle Pain Questionnaire pontszámait összehasonlítva szignifikáns különbség mutatkozott (p = 0,028). Megbeszélés: Kutatási eredményeink nagymértékben párhuzamba vonhatók, illetve alátámaszthatók a nemzetközi szakirodalomban fellelhető eredményekkel. Következtetés: A kutatás eredményei alapján megállapíthatjuk, hogy a terhesség alatti derék- és medenceövi fájdalmat befolyásolja és meghatározza a fizikai aktivitás szintje, valamint a testtömegindex. Beavatkozás nélkül a fájdalom a szülést követően is fennáll. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(22): 859–865.