Tailor made enzymatic preparation must be design to hydrolyze efficiently plant biomass, once that each plant biomass possesses a distinct cell wall composition. Most of actinomycetes used for plant cell wall degradation are focused on the cellulases and xylanases production. However, a wide range of enzymes must be produced for an efficient degradation of lignocellulose materials. During the last decade several unusual environments were studied to obtain strains that produce glycohydrolases with innovator characteristics. In this context, the present work concerned the selection of endophytic actinomycetes as producers of hemicellulases and related enzymes with different enzymatic profiles, for use in the deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass. A total of 45 Brazilian actinomycetes previously isolated from plants (endophytics) and soil were prospected for hemicellulases and β-glucosidase production. Four strains highlighted for hemicellulase production (DR61, DR63, DR69 and DR66) and were selected for cultivation under other inductors substrates (xylan and pectin). All strains belong to Streptomyces genera and have their extracts tested for degradation of several hemicellulolytic substrates. The strains presented different glicohydrolyse enzymes profiles mainly for xylans and glucans that can be used for specific formulations of enzymes applied on the biomass deconstruction, principally on sugar cane bagasse.

Biofuels and other bioproducts derived from lignocellulosic feedstocks represent environmentally sustainable pathways that have the potential to compete favorably with conventional petrochemical counterparts. Realizing their economic viability necessitates the development of highly efficient and cost-effective enzymatic preparations for the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic substrates. Within the context of this investigation, it was harnessed the capabilities of T. reesei RUT-C30, a well-recognized hypercellulolytic fungus. Employing delignified pretreated sugarcane bagasse as the main substrate, and amelioration of the culture medium composition enhanced the production of cellulase and xylanase enzymes. In a controlled bench scale bioreactor system, it was achieved noteworthy enzymatic activities, peaking at 3.8 FPU/mL for cellulase and 231 U/mL for xylanase and 26 FPU/L h productivity. Calculated hydrolysis conversion of delignified steam-explosion sugarcane bagasse (DSB) at 3% DSB concentration without the addition of an external source of β-glucosidase was 51.8% for the enzyme preparation DSB(C) and only n this same condition, maximum conversion for commercial enzymes (T reesei, Sigma) was only 34 %. This observation accentuates the competence of the enzymes derived from T. reesei RUT-C30 in efficiently degrading pretreated sugarcane bagasse. While it was demonstrated the potential of T. reesei RUT-C30 for enzyme production in the context of second-generation ethanol generation, our data portrays the enzyme's cost contribution to ethanol production of US$ 0.115 per liter of ethanol produced.