The use of nanoparticles improves the stability, solubility, and skin permeability of natural compounds in skincare products. Based on these advantages, this study aimed to incorporate the Phlomis crinita extract into polymeric nanoparticles to improve its topical skin delivery for wound healing purposes. The study involved the preparation of nanoparticles of PLGA and PLGA-PEG (PCE-PLGA-NPs and PCE-PLGA-PEG-NPs) using the solvent displacement method, physicochemical and biopharmaceutical characterization, tolerance studies by the HET-CAM assay and evaluation of skin integrity parameters, and in vitro efficacy via a scratch wound healing experiment. The prepared nanoparticles were nanometer-sized with spherical form and demonstrated an encapsulation efficiency greater than 90%. The major component (luteolin) was released following a kinetic model of hyperbola for PCE-PLGA-PEG-NPs and one-phase exponential association for PCE-PLGA-NPs. Moreover, the important permeability of luteolin skin was observed, especially for PCE-PLGA-PEG-NPs. Both formulations exhibited no irritation and no damaging effects on skin integrity, suggesting their safety. Finally, the results of the scratch wound healing experiment using 3T3-L1 cells revealed significant cell migration and proliferation, with an improved efficacy for PCE-PLGA-PEG-NPs compared to the free extract, demonstrating the potential of this formulation in the treatment of wound healing.

(1) Background: The present study aimed to assess the antifungal effectiveness of a topical innovative formulation containing the association of an antifungal agent, voriconazole (VCZ), and the essential oil of Pinus sylvestris L. (PSEO). (2) Methods: Pseudo-ternary phase diagram and D-optimal mixture design approaches were applied for the development and the optimization of the o/w nanoemulsion. The optimized formulation (NE) was subjected to physicochemical characterization and to physical stability studies. In vitro permeation studies were carried out using the Franz cell diffusion system. The antimycotic efficacy against Microsporum canis was carried out in vitro. (3) Results: Optimal nanoemulsion showed great physical stability and was characterized by a small droplet size (19.015 nm ± 0.110 nm), a PDI of 0.146 ± 0.011, a zeta potential of −16.067 mV ± 1.833 mV, a percentage of transmittance of 95.352% ± 0.175%, and a pH of 5.64 ± 0.03. Furthermore, it exhibited a significant enhancement in apparent permeability coefficient (p < 0.05) compared to the VCZ free drug. Finally, NE presented the greatest antifungal activity against Microsporum canis in comparison with VCZ and PSEO tested alone. (4) Conclusions: These promising results suggest that this topical innovative formulation could be a good candidate to treat onychomycosis. Further ex vivo and clinical investigations are needed to support these findings.

Background/Objectives: Recent advancements in innovative drug delivery nanosystems have significantly impacted wound healing, particularly through the incorporation of natural products. This study aimed to develop and characterize a Phlomis crinita extract-loaded nanostructured formulation (PCE-NF) as a topical therapy for skin wounds. Methods: This study involved the incorporation of P. crinita extract in a nanoemulsion by the high-energy emulsification method. This formulation was subjected to physicochemical and biopharmaceutical characterization, and a physical stability study over 30 days. Biocompatibility, tolerability, and irritant effects were assessed, while the wound healing potential was evaluated using in vitro skin models of fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Results: PCE-NF showed a homogeneous appearance with nanometric-sized spherical droplets of 212.27 nm and Newtonian behavior. This formulation showed a sustained release of its majority component (luteonin 7-(6″-acetylglucoside)), which followed a hyperbolic kinetic while showing high permeation, through healthy human skin, with 22.01 µg after 27 h. There were no cytotoxic effects of PCE-NF with improvements in skin barrier function and hydration levels. The wound healing potential of PCE-NF at 3.125 µg/mL was evidenced by enhanced cell migration and accelerated wound closure in 3T3-L1 and HaCaT cells, with values of 94.24 and 92.41%, respectively. Conclusions: These results suggest that this formulation could be used as an effective wound healing treatment.

Reusing textile wastewater represents a promising solution for meeting agricultural needs while preserving the environment amid increasing water scarcity. However, wastewater contains various pollutants and chemicals, thus effective treatment is needed to mitigate their impact on water quality and public health. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of combined biological treatment and hydrocyclone separation in improving textile effluent quality by analyzing their physicochemical properties and assessing the potential health risks using an in vivo food‐chain toxicological model. Corn irrigated with biologically treated wastewater (BTW) or with BTW subjected to hydrocyclone treatment (BTW+HT) was administered to Swiss mice for 30 days. Our findings revealed that BTW+HT resulted in significant reductions of 60% in color, 40% in total suspended solids, and 40% in chromium concentration. Moreover, mice fed corn irrigated with BTW+HT showed a significant reduction of approximately 39% in DNA damage, particularly in brain cells. Biochemical analysis revealed lower aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels along with a restoration of superoxide dismutase activity, whereas malondialdehyde and NF‐κB levels revealed no significant changes. In addition, histological analysis showed no alterations in tissue structure. These findings demonstrate that the combination of hydrocyclone and biological treatment improves effluent physicochemical quality, with a concomitant reduction in the observed toxicological effects, supporting the potential of treated textile wastewater as an alternative resource able to tackle water shortage. Further studies are required to validate the long‐term safety and large‐scale applicability of this combined treatment strategy for agricultural reuse of textile wastewater.

Marine‐derived biomaterials have attracted increasing interest as sustainable and biocompatible alternatives to terrestrial sources. In this study, type I collagen (Coll‐I) was extracted from the skin of Scyliorhinus canicula using an acid‐solubilization method, 7.08% ± 0.11% collagen on a dry‐weight basis. The extracted collagen was characterized through structural, thermal, and morphological analyses. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the lyophilized collagen revealed its thermal behavior, showing an irreversible endothermic transition at approximately 81°C, associated with dehydration‐related structural rearrangements and a high‐temperature thermal event around 203°C, corresponding to the onset of degradation processes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed a characteristic lamellar morphology. Biocompatibility assays confirmed the absence of cytotoxic effects on dermal cells. Coll‐I significantly enhanced fibroblast migration, achieving wound closure rates of 98% ± 1.6% and 81.99% ± 1.6% at 25 and 12.5 μg/mL, respectively. It also reduced lipopolysaccharide‐induced nitric oxide production in primary macrophages and exhibited anti‐melanogenic activity by decreasing tyrosinase activity and intracellular melanin content. These findings highlight the potential of S. canicula ‐derived collagen as a multifunctional marine biomaterial for wound‐healing and dermocosmetic applications.