This review explores the potential of biopolymers as sustainable alternatives to conventional plastics in food packaging. Biopolymers derived from plant or animal sources are crucial in extending food shelf life, minimizing degradation, and protecting against oxidative and microbial agents. Their physical and chemical properties, influenced by the raw materials used, determine their suitability for specific applications. Biopolymers have been successfully used in fruits, vegetables, meats, and dairy products, offering antimicrobial and antioxidant benefits. Consequently, they represent a functional and eco-friendly solution for the packaging industry, contributing to sustainability while maintaining product quality.

The genus Cinchona belongs to the Rubiaceae family and comprises native Peruvian tree species distributed in tropical areas. It is currently endangered due to human disturbance and overexploitation for medicinal, forestry and food uses. To date, the current and future distribution of Cinchona spp. under the climate change scenario is unknown. Here, we modeled the present and future spatial distribution of the genus Cinchona using bioclimatic, edaphic and topographic variables using the maximum entropy algorithm (MaxEnt). The results indicate that 8.08% (103,547.89 km²) and 6.02% (77,163.81 km²) of the surface of Peru possesses areas with high and moderate distribution probabilities, respectively, to host the genus Cinchona, distributed mainly in the departments of Cusco, Amazonas, San Martín and Cajamarca. Furthermore, according to future climate scenarios, the areas of high suitability will increase their extension for the years 2050 and 2070 by 3.65% and 3.9%, respectively. Since Peru seeks to promote the forest sector to be the other force for its development, this study can be considered as a basis for the establishment of priority zones for the conservation, restoration, reforestation and sustainable management of Cinchona spp. species in Peru.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue caracterizar los compuestos fenólicos y actividad antioxidante de la pulpa de café (Coffea arabica L.) deshidratada a través de dos métodos de secado (aire caliente y liofilizado). Las muestras de pulpa de café se obtuvieron de tres provincias de la región Amazonas (Perú), para luego ser sometidas a un proceso de lavado, oreado, deshidratado, molienda y extracción utilizando agua ultra pura y cuatro solventes orgánicos: etanol 50 %, etanol 95 %, metanol 50 % y metanol 95 %. Se encontró que los extractos obtenidos mediante liofilización y solvente etanol al 95 % tienen la mayor capacidad de extracción, compuestos fenólicos y capacidad antioxidante, con 66.3 % y 402.6 mg equivalentes de ácido gálico/100 g pulpa deshidratada, respectivamente. Se concluye que el etanol al 95 % es el mejor solvente para la extracción de compuestos fenólicos en pulpa de café deshidratada por liofilización.

The market for selling fruits and their derivatives for consumption requires a safe and harmless industry, with intact physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics between the postharvest stage and the final consumer; studying the fundamentals and methods for estimating the thermal properties of fruits and their derivatives allows us to determine the time parameters, models and equipment design needed to obtain food products that meet customer requirements. In this study, data obtained from the Scopus database were systematized; the search terms were “conductivity”, “diffusivity” and “foods”, and the records obtained showed exponentially increasing trends in the numbers of original and review studies from 1971 to 2022. As a result, the methods for greater application included a simple probe as a heat source, a proximal composition analysis and a differential scanning calorimetry method. Recommending spectral imaging techniques for future research, such as Raman spectroscopy, allows an easy characterization of proximal components in fruits and their derivatives; these techniques can be used to determine thermal properties, such as conductivity, thermal diffusivity, and specific heat, and to conduct comparisons with conventional methods

Solanum betaceum (tamarillo) is Andean fruit rich in secondary metabolites with increasing relevance in food, nutraceutical, and biotechnological research. Despite growing scientific interest, the available evidence remains fragmented and methodologically heterogeneous. This systematic review consolidates and critically analyzes recent studies on the bioactive composition of S. betaceum, the effects of conventional and emerging processing technologies, and the functional activities reported for fresh fruits, by-products, and processed matrices. A comprehensive search of Lens.org, Scopus, and PubMed was conducted following PRISMA 2020 guidelines. From 1049 records identified, 65 studies published between 2020 and 2025 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. The literature reveals substantial variability in polyphenols, anthocyanins, carotenoids, vitamin C, and other metabolites, driven by cultivar, maturity stage, edaphoclimatic conditions, and analytical approaches. Emerging technologies such as ultrasound-assisted extraction, high-pressure homogenization, and spray drying generally improved the recovery and stability of bioactive compounds, whereas intensive thermal treatments were associated with degradation of thermolabile constituents. Functional evidence supports antioxidant, antimicrobial, metabolic modulatory, and cytotoxic activities; however, interpretation is limited by inconsistent reporting practices, limited bioaccessibility assessment, and the predominance of in vitro models. Overall, S. betaceum shows considerable functional and technological potential, but further standardized methodologies, mechanistic studies, and human-relevant models are required to support translational and industrial validation.

Los egresados universitarios, tienen dificultades para alcanzar un trabajo desde su especialidad, las causas son diversas y repercuten en el desarrollo económico de los territorios. La presente investigación, tuvo como objetivo analizar la situación laboral de los egresados universitarios en la carrera de Ingeniería Agroindustrial y la carrera de Ingeniería Agrónoma, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza-Perú, durante el periodo 2017-2020. La metodología es descriptiva, bajo un método deductivo cuantitativo, se utilizó una encuesta aplicada a 1260 egresados vía e-mail y por WhatsApp, se utilizó un cuestionario digital anónimo, solicitando información de datos generales. Los resultados señalan una relación significativa entre las condiciones sociales de los egresados, en su mayoría son solteros, no tienen hijos y son residentes en la Región Amazonas, y la formación profesional cuyo ejercicio es en el sector agropecuario. Se concluye que existen obstáculos en los egresados por la falta de experiencia, actualización profesional y preparación académica.