// <![CDATA[ $('.header-date').hide();$('#titleAuthors').hide();$('#abstractHeader').hide(); // ]]> Xia Wang1, Xiaoyuan Du1, Yang Zhou3, Su Wang1, Feng Su3 and Shicui Zhang1, 2 1Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity and Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China 2Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266003, China 3Institute of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China Correspondence to: Feng Su, email: sufengvip@126.com Shicui Zhang, email: sczhang@ouc.edu.cn Keywords: salidroside; aging; lifespan; antioxidant system; nothobranchius Received: February 09, 2017 Accepted: November 20, 2017 Published: January 04, 2018 ABSTRACT One of the most studied and widely accepted conjectures of aging process is the oxidative stress theory. Previous studies have shown that salidroside can protect D-galactose-induced mouse model against aging and a formulation of Rhodiola rosea extracts (SHR-5) containing salidroside increases lifespan of fruit fly. However, direct evidence linking salidroside itself with the observed anti-aging effect in vivo and relevant molecular mechanisms are poorly defined. In this study, we first demonstrated that salidroside exhibited a time-dependent effect, and late-onset long-term salidroside dietary intake extended the lifespan in the annual fish Nothobranchius guentheri. We then showed that salidroside reduced the accumulation of lipofuscin in the gills as well as the levels of protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species in the muscles; enhanced the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase in the fish; and decelerated the increase of P66shc, a critical factor for regulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species contents. Collectively, these data indicate that salidroside can prolong the lifespan and retard the onset of age-related biomarkers via the antioxidant system in aging fish. It also suggests that salidroside may have a potential usefulness in prolonging the lifespan of the elderly.

In most practical applications, actualizing the inherent properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) depends strongly on the exfoliation and dispersion of SWNT bundles as individuals and/or small-diameter bundles in various liquid media. Aqueous dispersions are of specific interest in many ways, and polymer dispersants prove to be quite competent for such tasks. To develop a new type of polymer dispersant with accessional function, four water-soluble vinylimidazole (VI)-based polymers bearing different pendant groups were designed, synthesized, and then tested for preparation of aqueous dispersions of pristine SWNTs. The dispersing efficiency was studied as functions of molecular structure and solution nature of VI-polymer. Under assistance of VI-polymers, stable aqueous dispersions are available: the maximal dispersibility reaches 148.9 mg l⁻¹, while initial amount of optimal VI-polymer is merely 0.06 mg ml⁻¹ (∼6 × 10⁻³ wt%), far below ∼1.0 wt% of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), the most commonly used surfactant, for achieving SWNT dispersion. Biocompatibility of VI-polymer–SWNT complexes obtained from pertinent aqueous dispersions was assessed by culturing L929 cells (mouse fibroblasts), and the results showed that the complex materials were non-toxic to the cells under consideration. The ready dispersions thus pave the way for a variety of applications including those with biological relevance, wherein SWNTs have to face the water-based chemical environments. Besides, it may be more important that the findings, i.e. amphiphilicity and free/sparse of polymer-micelles are two critical factors for VI-polymer to determine its dispersing efficiency, can be potentially applicable to other nanotube/dispersant systems and serve as a common model for developing aqueous dispersions of pristine nanotubes.