Background/Objectives: Few studies have compared the associations of different adiposity markers with cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals without diabetes or cardiovascular disease (CVD), particularly in South America. Moreover, the associations with more severe cardiometabolic risk, defined by the simultaneous presence of altered glycemia, blood pressure, and dyslipidemia, remain unknown. We examined whether the waist-to-height ratio (W-HtR), waist circumference (WC), and BMI were independently associated with cardiometabolic risk in a chronic disease prevention program in Medellín, Colombia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 29,236 adults (age: 19–121 years) without diabetes or CVD. Exposures included increased W-HtR (>0.5), increased WC (≥80 cm for women, ≥90 cm for men), and overweight/obesity. The outcomes were dyslipidemia, elevated glycemia, high blood pressure, and full cardiometabolic risk (FCMR), defined as the presence of all three factors. Logistic regressions adjusted for sociodemographic and lifestyle covariates and additional adiposity markers were used. Cubic spline analyses examined the shape of associations. Results: Most individuals were over 40 years old (97.6%), only 40 were ≥100 years, and 16.5% (n = 4821) had FCMR. Increased W-HtR tripled the odds of FCMR compared with normal W-HtR (OR: 3.04, 95%CI: 2.45–3.77, p < 0.001). Increased WC doubled the odds of FCMR (p < 0.001). W-HtR remained the strongest predictor after adjusting for WC (OR: 1.99, 95%CI: 1.59–2.50) and BMI (OR: 2.48, 95%CI: 1.99–3.08). Cubic spline analyses showed a linear association between W-HtR and FCMR, whereas the BMI–FCMR association plateaued at approximately 30 kg/m². Conclusions: In this cross-sectional study of a large middle-to-older-aged cohort, W-HtR was the strongest adiposity marker correlated with cardiometabolic risk.

La infección crónica por parvovirus B19 en pacientes seropositivos para el virus de inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) es una causa identificable y tratable de anemia en esta población, que en nuestro medio aún no ha sido muy estudiada. La búsqueda activa de este patógeno en pacientes VIH positivos con anemia grave sin compromiso de otras líneas celulares puede llevar a una mejoría en la calidad de vida en el tiempo y reducción de los costos de la enfermedad para el sistema de salud. Nosotros presentamos el caso de un paciente con síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida y anemia a quien se le identifico parvovirus B19

Coinfections by cytomegalovirus and Clostridioides difficile are rare and can be life-threatening, especially in immunosuppressed patients. Their symptoms often overlap, thus generating a great diagnostic challenge, with the need for multiple diagnostic aids. Under certain conditions, combined antiviral treatment, requiring the addition of foscarnet, is necessary to control cytomegalovirus. The latter drug is relatively safe; however, adverse reactions should always be considered for proper management. We present a case of a patient with a history of Burkitt's lymphoma in complete remission, who received chemotherapy in the past, and currently is living with HIV with undetectable viral load and CD4+ count of 141 cells/mm3, who presented with cytomegalovirus coinfection with suspected resistance to ganciclovir and Clostridioides difficile colitis. The patient required treatment with foscarnet and developed a genital ulcer, secondary to this drug, and therefore it was necessary to suspend it.

Introduction: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) causes high morbidity and mortality in young patients. Among the causes, May Thurner syndrome, an anatomical malformation that compresses the left iliac vein, and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH), a rare hematologic disease associated with thrombosis and cytopenias, may explain cases of DVT. Clinical case: A 22-year-old female patient consulted for pain and edema of the left lower limb. Extensive DVT and an image suggestive of May Thurner syndrome was documented. Thrombectomy and stent implantation were performed, with favorable initial evolution. During follow-up, she presented thrombotic recurrence, hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Studies ruled out hereditary thrombophilia and confirmed PNH by flow cytometry. Eculizumab was started with clinical improvement. Discussion: The coexistence of May Thurner syndrome and PNH has not been previously reported. Both conditions predispose to thrombotic events, but with different pathophysiological mechanisms. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of broadening the etiologic workup for unprovoked thrombotic events, especially in young patients with abnormal hematologic findings. Identification and specific treatment, such as the use of eculizumab in PNH, are key to improve prognosis.

Las neoplasias de la tráquea son poco comunes, siendo más infrecuente aún el linfoma de células B no Hodgkin a este nivel. La presentación clínica de esta entidad es muy variable y sus síntomas son muy inespecíficos, simulando varias enfermedades, generando así un diagnóstico tardío. Actualmente se dispone de varias ayudas diagnósticas que permiten descartar otras patologías y confirmar la neoplasia traqueal, además la biopsia es fundamental para llegar al diagnóstico final y así instaurar el manejo en estadios tempranos, para impactar en la morbimortalidad. A continuación presentamos el caso de una paciente con linfoma de células B no Hodgkin como causa de obstrucción traqueal.