The great majority of the research on CO2 capture worldwide is today devoted to the integration of new technologies in power plants, which are responsible for about 80% of the worldwide CO2 emission from large stationary sources. The remaining 20% are emitted from industrial sources, mainly cement production plants (∼7% of the total emission), refineries (∼6%) and iron and steel industry (∼5%). Despite their lower overall contribution, the CO2 concentration in flue gas and the average emission per source can be higher than in power plants. Therefore, application of CO2 capture processes on these sources can be more effective and can lead to competitive cost of the CO2 avoided with respect to power plants. Furthermore, industrial CO2 capture could be an important early-opportunity application, or a facilitate demonstration of capture technology at a relative small scale or in a side stream.This paper results from a collaborative activity carried out within the Joint Programme on Carbon Capture and Storage of the European Energy Research Alliance (EERA CCS-JP) and aims at investigating the potentiality of new CO2 technologies in the application on the major industrial emitters

Biogas from fermentation of manure and organic residues produces a gas stream that can be fed into the natural gas grid, provided impurities (CO2, H2S and H2O) are removed according to specifications prior to grid injection. Compared to conventional technologies, supported amine sorbents (SAS) seem attractive for their high working capacity and fast uptake rate. In this study a technical evaluation for the conceptual design of a system for CO2 capture from biogas with SAS is carried out and the performance is compared with liquid amine scrubbing. As the basis of this study, 1000 Nm3/h of raw biogas with 45%-v of CO2 is to be upgraded to gas product containing max. 10%-v of CO2, according to low calorific gas specifications. For the selected SAS (Lewatit VP OC 1065 and PEI/SiO2) capacity measurements were carried out and results were correlated by Toth sorption isotherms. The heat of adsorption was calculated from the isotherms using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation and validated by measurements at different temperatures using calorimetry. Using the isotherms, a process analysis study with Aspen Plus software was carried out to obtain the best operating conditions for temperature swing between adsorption and desorption conditions, and subsequently the contactor size was determined. System integration studies show that the heat released during the adsorption can be integrated with the heat required in the digester (∼60 °C), resulting in a primary energy use of 20–22% for SAS, while for conventional amine scrubbing this is 38%. This study shows that SAS is an attractive technology option for CO2 removal from biogas