The desalination and sanitation project for use in the productive agriculture and cosmetic agriculture sectors and the industrial and population sectors during the study period of the project estimated at about 25 years, bringing the total economic savings from groundwater [about 0.14 KD per thousand gallons] with a total economic saving of the amount of water used in agriculture About 16800 KD daily. As for the desalinated water, the economic saving is 2.263 KD per thousand gallons, and the general total of the demand for desalinated water according to agricultural use is about 12.8 million gallons per day. The general total economic savings is about 28.966 KD per day. The project achieves economic savings from groundwater wells and desalination water about 45.766 KD per day and the savings per thousand gallons is about 0.345 KD per thousand gallons. Thus, the net gains from water desalination and its use in Kuwait amount to about 10350 thousand Kuwaiti dinars per day. The study recommends stressing the importance of the project for different sectors (agriculture, industry) and household uses (population). It is an efficient and practical economic alternative for the comprehensive development of agriculture in the State of Kuwait. Also, alternatives to underground water wealth can be preserved. Introduction : The research deals with the desalination and sanitation project and measuring its economic, social and environmental impact on the Kuwaiti national income, as the project brings benefits to different sectors of population, agriculture, environment and cosmetic agriculture, which are multiple and varied productive, service and environmental sectors. Research problem : The research problem is represented in the limited water resources in the State of Kuwait, which are required for the different uses of the agriculture, industry, cosmetic agriculture, population and environment sectors. Therefore, it is important to search for expanding the desalination water sources for use in these areas, which require high investments and many years, which requires studying the project and evaluating its financial, commercial, economic, social and environmental returns. Research objective :The research aims to shed light on: (1) The economic return of the direct and indirect project. (2) Indirect returns to productive agriculture. Way of research: The use of economic analysis method to describe the economic indicators to estimate the profitability of the different project returns. Data sources : project data and its statistical records in the State of Kuwait, and data of the Statistics Department, the Public Authority for Agricultural Affairs, Fisheries. Analysis and study of the water desalination and wastewater project: It is one of the national projects in the State of Kuwait, and there are many sectors that benefit from it, such as agriculture, population, environment, industry and cosmetic agriculture. It also brings benefits in many areas of production, consumption and environmental improvement. The project deals with two sources of water that are desalinated, which are ground water (brackish) and desalinated water. Conclusively, the research recommends paying attention to large projects that achieve an increase in national income and adding it to different sectors, which raises the level of income.

Agricultural trade tended to increase during the research period 2006-2018, and it was found that the trend of increasing agricultural imports is higher than the trend of increasing agricultural exports, and that the trend of the deficit in the agricultural balance is increasing. And that the coverage rate tends to decline and that exports are less than imports, which led to the exacerbation of the deficit, and that the trend of total agricultural trade is increasing, whether in its contribution to the domestic product or in the domestic income, and that agricultural food trade is also tending to increase, as food imports increase and food exports increase. However, imports were a larger trend than exports, which led to the trend of the deficit in the food balance to increase, and also the trend of coverage of food exports for food imports is also declining. . Conclusively, from the previous results, we recommend an increase in trade exchange between Kuwait and the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council.

The Gulf Cooperation Council states are among the world's most urbanized, yet research on their urban development remains fragmented. This article presents a PRISMA-ScR-guided systematic review of 140 peer-reviewed publications on Gulf urbanism (1950–2024). Literature is classified into five themes: urban history and evolution, urban form, urban policy, public versus private developments, and urban sustainability. Findings show a strong geographical and thematic unevenness, a dominance of qualitative case studies, and a persistent gap between the urban sustainability rhetoric and implementation. This review identifies key gaps and outlines priorities for comparative, multiscalar, and practice-oriented empirical research.