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Peng Gao
National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-Efficient Exploitation Technology for Refractory Iron Ore Resources, Shenyang 110819, China

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Journal article
Published: 13 August 2021 in Minerals
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As the fourth-largest industry waste residue, after iron slag, steel slag, and red mud, in China, the comprehensive utilization of nickel slag is imminent. Coal-based reduction combined with magnetic separation was considered an efficient method to extract iron from nickel slag. During the coal-based reduction of Jinchuan ferronickel slag, the growth characteristics and kinetics of metallic iron were investigated in this paper. The metallisation rate and metal iron grain size gradually increased with the reduction temperature or the reaction time, and the coal-based reduction process was divided into the rapid formation period and the aggregation growth period of the metallic phase. The granularity distribution of metallic iron obeyed the Doseresp sigmoidal function, and the activation energy of grain growth at different stages were 52.482 ± 4.448 kJ·mol−1 and 26.426 ± 3.295 kJ·mol−1, respectively. Meanwhile, a mathematical growth model of the metallic iron grains was also established.

ACS Style

Jianwen Yu; Yonghong Qin; Peng Gao; Yongsheng Sun; Songbo Ma. The Growth Characteristics and Kinetics of Metallic Iron in Coal-Based Reduction of Jinchuan Ferronickel Slag. Minerals 2021, 11, 876 .

AMA Style

Jianwen Yu, Yonghong Qin, Peng Gao, Yongsheng Sun, Songbo Ma. The Growth Characteristics and Kinetics of Metallic Iron in Coal-Based Reduction of Jinchuan Ferronickel Slag. Minerals. 2021; 11 (8):876.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jianwen Yu; Yonghong Qin; Peng Gao; Yongsheng Sun; Songbo Ma. 2021. "The Growth Characteristics and Kinetics of Metallic Iron in Coal-Based Reduction of Jinchuan Ferronickel Slag." Minerals 11, no. 8: 876.

Journal article
Published: 03 August 2021 in Powder Technology
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U-type reduction chamber plays a significant role in the suspension roaster which has been proven to be one of the most highly efficient and clean magnetization equipment to utilize complex refractory iron ores. In the present work, a hydrodynamic model has been developed for the operation that the materials in the fluidization chamber are fluidized while the particles in the supply chamber are in a moving packed bed. Through fluid dynamic analysis, a hydrodynamic model including four equations has been established, whose solution results in the solids concentration in the fluidization chamber and materials' height in the supply chamber. Meanwhile, the effects of operating conditions such as fluidizing gas velocity and delivery rate on solids concentration in the fluidization chamber and materials' height in the supply chamber were studied by a combination of model analysis and experiments. The experiments were carried out in a U-type reduction chamber cold test apparatus with alumina particles. The model predictions showed good agreement with the experimental data, giving average errors below 6.28% and 4.96% respectively.

ACS Style

Zhidong Tang; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Feng Yang; Kaili Xu; Yuqing Feng. A hydrodynamic model of U-type reduction chamber for iron ore suspension roaster. Powder Technology 2021, 393, 441 -448.

AMA Style

Zhidong Tang, Yuexin Han, Peng Gao, Feng Yang, Kaili Xu, Yuqing Feng. A hydrodynamic model of U-type reduction chamber for iron ore suspension roaster. Powder Technology. 2021; 393 ():441-448.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhidong Tang; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Feng Yang; Kaili Xu; Yuqing Feng. 2021. "A hydrodynamic model of U-type reduction chamber for iron ore suspension roaster." Powder Technology 393, no. : 441-448.

Review article
Published: 01 July 2021 in Journal of Hazardous Materials
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Red mud (RM) is the major waste material with strong alkaline discharged which is during the alumina extraction process. The global stock of RM has exceeded 4 billion tons and its disposal as a solid waste has always been a thorny environmental problem. However, RM is widely considered to be a potential resource due to its high content of valuable metal components such as iron. High-iron RM is rich in iron and can potentially become a valuable resource if the iron can be extracted effectively. It is of great research value and profound significance to recover iron from high-iron RM. This paper systematically reviews the iron recovery methods for resource utilization of high-iron RM, and divides the technology of iron recovery from high-iron RM into three aspects: physical separation method, pyrometallurgy method (reduction smelting and reduction roasting) and hydrometallurgy method (acid leaching). The basic principles and effect of iron extraction of the above technologies are summarized respectively, and the advantages and disadvantages of different technologies are compared. It is pointed out that the feasibility and economic cost are the main factor restricting the industrial application of these technologies. Therefore, it is of great significance to overcome various problems and difficulties, and develop innovative processes and technologies, which can realize the recycling and utilization of iron in high-iron RM and realize the reduction of RM emission at the same time.

ACS Style

Xiao Liu; Yuexin Han; Fayu He; Peng Gao; Shuai Yuan. Characteristic, hazard and iron recovery technology of red mud - A critical review. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2021, 420, 126542 .

AMA Style

Xiao Liu, Yuexin Han, Fayu He, Peng Gao, Shuai Yuan. Characteristic, hazard and iron recovery technology of red mud - A critical review. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2021; 420 ():126542.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiao Liu; Yuexin Han; Fayu He; Peng Gao; Shuai Yuan. 2021. "Characteristic, hazard and iron recovery technology of red mud - A critical review." Journal of Hazardous Materials 420, no. : 126542.

Journal article
Published: 17 June 2021 in Minerals
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Magnetization roasting followed by magnetic separation is considered an effective method for recovering iron minerals. As hematite and magnetite are the main concomitant constituents in iron ores, the separation index after the magnetization roasting will be more optimized than with only hematite. In this research, the mechanism of the original magnetite improving iron ore reduction during the magnetization roasting process was explored using ore fines and lump ore samples. Under optimum roasting conditions, the iron grade increased from 62.17% to 65.22%, and iron recovery increased from 84.02% to 92.02% after separation, when Fe in the original magnetite content increased from 0.31% to 8.09%, although the Fe masses in each sample were equal. For lump ores with magnetite and hematite intergrowth, the method of in situ and continuous image capture for microcrack generation and the evolution of the magnetization roasting process was innovatively examined with a laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) with confocal technology and 3D morphologic technology for the first time. The naturally uneven areas, protogenetic pore edges, and magnetite and hematite edges provided active sites for reduction reactions. The microcracks gradually evolved from the lump ore surface and the edges of magnetite and hematite, which had a direct connection with the efficient improvement in ore reduction.

ACS Style

Bing Zhao; Peng Gao; Zhidong Tang; Wuzhi Zhang. The Efficient Improvement of Original Magnetite in Iron Ore Reduction Reaction in Magnetization Roasting Process and Mechanism Analysis by In Situ and Continuous Image Capture. Minerals 2021, 11, 645 .

AMA Style

Bing Zhao, Peng Gao, Zhidong Tang, Wuzhi Zhang. The Efficient Improvement of Original Magnetite in Iron Ore Reduction Reaction in Magnetization Roasting Process and Mechanism Analysis by In Situ and Continuous Image Capture. Minerals. 2021; 11 (6):645.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Bing Zhao; Peng Gao; Zhidong Tang; Wuzhi Zhang. 2021. "The Efficient Improvement of Original Magnetite in Iron Ore Reduction Reaction in Magnetization Roasting Process and Mechanism Analysis by In Situ and Continuous Image Capture." Minerals 11, no. 6: 645.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2021 in Powder Technology
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The ore processed by grinding in the minerals industry is generally composed of two or more minerals, and thus multicomponent formulations are commonly used to simulate the grinding process. In this paper, batch studies were carried out by grinding magnetite, limestone, and magnetite/limestone mixture at different mixing ratios in a laboratory-scale stirred mill. The impact of mixing ratios on the volume fraction of the desired size (−45 + 10 μm) in the ground products, energy consumption, and residence time of the feed in the grinding chamber was studied. The breakage parameters of the material were predicted by the population balance model (PBM). The results indicated that the back-calculated particle size distribution (PSD) of ground products by PBM fitted well with the measured data. The correlation of breakage parameters and mixing ratio were discussed and then compared to the single mineral grinding results. In addition, the predicted PSD was analyzed and discussed by the attainable region (AR) method. A significant effect of specific energy input on the yield of the desired size in the ground products was elucidated. The energy consumption and residence time of one component in the grinding chamber were compared to the single mineral grinding results at the turning point and switch point.

ACS Style

Wang Guo; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li; Zhidong Tang. A study of the grinding of magnetite/limestone mixture in a stirred mill by the attainable region method. Powder Technology 2021, 389, 40 -47.

AMA Style

Wang Guo, Yuexin Han, Peng Gao, Yanjun Li, Zhidong Tang. A study of the grinding of magnetite/limestone mixture in a stirred mill by the attainable region method. Powder Technology. 2021; 389 ():40-47.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang Guo; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li; Zhidong Tang. 2021. "A study of the grinding of magnetite/limestone mixture in a stirred mill by the attainable region method." Powder Technology 389, no. : 40-47.

Journal article
Published: 25 April 2021 in Separation and Purification Technology
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In recent years, sulfur-doped modified iron-based catalysts have been widely used to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) or peroxydisulfate (PDS) for the contamination elimination, however, the manufacturing complicated and costly limit further industrial application. Therefore, a new water purification technology using pyrite activation PMS with electro-assisted is developed, and the parameters are adjusted and underlying mechanism is clarified. It has been found PMS is effectively activated by FeS2, achieving ∼90% tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) removal. And sulfide is the main electron donor for activation PMS and mediates the regeneration of Fe(II) on the pyrite surface, and different sulfur conversion intermediates such as short-chain polysulfides Sn2- , elemental sulfur S0, and sulfate form from the oxidation of sulfides (S22-). Moreover, the iron ions in-situ generation from pyrite activation PMS involve in TCH degradation, and concurrently is greatly affected by current, PMS and pH. The production of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) and sulfate radicals (SO4•-) by pyrite-activated PMS is confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance (ESR) and quenching tests. Finally, the mechanism is proved electro-oxidation, non-radical-oxidation and radical-oxidation synergistically eliminate TCH in EC/PMS/pyrite system. Overall, this study provides a new horizons for heterogeneous activation PMS by iron-based activators and unveils the advantages and potential applications of sulfur-containing iron-based activators.

ACS Style

Xiaojiao Chen; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Hui Li. New insight into the mechanism of electro-assisted pyrite minerals activation of peroxymonosulfate: Synergistic effects, activation sites and electron transfer. Separation and Purification Technology 2021, 274, 118817 .

AMA Style

Xiaojiao Chen, Yuexin Han, Peng Gao, Hui Li. New insight into the mechanism of electro-assisted pyrite minerals activation of peroxymonosulfate: Synergistic effects, activation sites and electron transfer. Separation and Purification Technology. 2021; 274 ():118817.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaojiao Chen; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Hui Li. 2021. "New insight into the mechanism of electro-assisted pyrite minerals activation of peroxymonosulfate: Synergistic effects, activation sites and electron transfer." Separation and Purification Technology 274, no. : 118817.

Journal article
Published: 14 January 2021 in Powder Technology
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Owing to their high energy efficiency, stirred mills are commonly used in the fine or ultrafine grinding of low-grade and fine disseminated ores to enhance liberation. In this study, batch wet grinding studies were conducted in a stirred mill to evaluate the effect of the grinding media density, grinding media diameter, and stirrer tip speed on the ground products and specific energy input. The population balance model was used to simulate the particle size distribution of the ground products. The results obtained indicated that the breakage rates S1 and S2 were highly dependent on the operating parameters, while the breakage distribution value b21 was independent of the grinding media density and stirrer tip speed. Additionally, it was observed that the yield of the desired size (−45 + 10 μm) of ground products increased with grinding media diameter. With the increase of grinding media density and stirrer tip speed, the time efficiency of the grinding process was improved. Moreover, the attainable region method via a contour plot was used to produce the maximum amount of the desired size with lower energy. Furthermore, the results revealed that the grinding process became energy inefficient when the grinding time was close to the turning point.

ACS Style

Wang Guo; Peng Gao; Zhidong Tang; Yuexin Han; Xiangzhi Meng. Effect of grinding media properties and stirrer tip speed on the grinding efficiency of a stirred mill. Powder Technology 2021, 382, 556 -565.

AMA Style

Wang Guo, Peng Gao, Zhidong Tang, Yuexin Han, Xiangzhi Meng. Effect of grinding media properties and stirrer tip speed on the grinding efficiency of a stirred mill. Powder Technology. 2021; 382 ():556-565.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang Guo; Peng Gao; Zhidong Tang; Yuexin Han; Xiangzhi Meng. 2021. "Effect of grinding media properties and stirrer tip speed on the grinding efficiency of a stirred mill." Powder Technology 382, no. : 556-565.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2021 in Journal of Molecular Liquids
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The effective separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite is the most serious challenge for the utilization of copper and molybdenum resources. One of the effective methods to solve this problem is to explore and develop a series of highly efficient depressants. In this work, a novel non-toxic and highly efficient depressant, galactomannan (GM), was applied to separate chalcopyrite from molybdenite using sodium butyl xanthate (SBX) as a collector. The selective depression behavior was evaluated via flotation experiments; the results showed that GM effectively depressed the flotation of molybdenite, whereas it exhibited weak depression effects on the flotation of chalcopyrite. The effective separation of the two minerals could be achieved using a reagent scheme consisting of 20 mg/L GM and 30 mg/L SBX at pH 5.52. The selective depression mechanism of GM for molybdenite was investigated by zeta potential measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and interaction energy calculations. The results demonstrated that the hydrophobic interaction between molybdenite and GM was the main differential driving force relative to the interaction between chalcopyrite and GM, and led to different adsorption capacities of GM on the two minerals. Moreover, after the addition of GM, the interaction between molybdenite and SBX involved physical adsorption, while chalcopyrite and SBX interacted via chemical adsorption. Overall, these results suggest that GM can be employed as a potential depressant for the selective separation of chalcopyrite from molybdenite by froth flotation.

ACS Style

Xun Wang; Peng Gao; Jie Liu; Xiaotian Gu; Yuexin Han. Adsorption performance and mechanism of eco-friendly and efficient depressant galactomannan in flotation separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite. Journal of Molecular Liquids 2021, 326, 115257 .

AMA Style

Xun Wang, Peng Gao, Jie Liu, Xiaotian Gu, Yuexin Han. Adsorption performance and mechanism of eco-friendly and efficient depressant galactomannan in flotation separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2021; 326 ():115257.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xun Wang; Peng Gao; Jie Liu; Xiaotian Gu; Yuexin Han. 2021. "Adsorption performance and mechanism of eco-friendly and efficient depressant galactomannan in flotation separation of chalcopyrite and molybdenite." Journal of Molecular Liquids 326, no. : 115257.

Research article
Published: 25 December 2020 in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review
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Serpentine, a typically magnesium phyllosilicate gangue mineral, is often associated with chalcopyrite. In the process of flotation, serpentine is easy to get into the concentrate together with useful minerals, which seriously affects the quality of concentrate products. In this study, galactomannan (GM) was introduced for effectively separating chalcopyrite from serpentine with sodium butyl xanthate used as the collector. Its depression performance and adsorption mechanism were investigated through micro-flotation tests, zeta potential, FTIR, and XPS measurements. Micro-flotation test results showed that GM depressed serpentine more stronger than that of the chalcopyrite at a wide pH range of 3–8. An excellent separation of chalcopyrite and serpentine was achieved using GM as the depressant with a lower dosage of 40 mg/L, for which the flotation recovery of chalcopyrite was more than 80% and that of serpentine was close to 0. Zeta potential, FTIR, and XPS results illustrated that GM was chemically adsorbed on the serpentine surface through the interaction of the hydroxyl groups of GM with the Mg atoms on the serpentine surface. The formation of Mg(OH)2 enhanced the hydrophilicity of serpentine and inhibited the adsorption of flotation reagents onto the serpentine surface, and thereby decreasing its floatability. Therefore, GM could be used as a potential depressant of serpentine owing to its high selectivity, low dosage, environment protection, and low cost.

ACS Style

Xiaolong Zhang; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Xiaotian Gu; Shaoxing Wang. Depression Mechanism of a Novel Depressant on Serpentine Surfaces and Its Application to the Selective Separation of Chalcopyrite from Serpentine. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review 2020, 1 -7.

AMA Style

Xiaolong Zhang, Yuexin Han, Peng Gao, Xiaotian Gu, Shaoxing Wang. Depression Mechanism of a Novel Depressant on Serpentine Surfaces and Its Application to the Selective Separation of Chalcopyrite from Serpentine. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review. 2020; ():1-7.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaolong Zhang; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Xiaotian Gu; Shaoxing Wang. 2020. "Depression Mechanism of a Novel Depressant on Serpentine Surfaces and Its Application to the Selective Separation of Chalcopyrite from Serpentine." Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review , no. : 1-7.

Journal article
Published: 30 October 2020 in Powder Technology
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In mineral processing, stirred mills have become a common device due to their high energy efficiency. In this work, the kinetics of batch wet grinding studies were studied using six mono-sized fractions of quartz. The population balance model (PBM) was used to simulate the evolution behavior of the particle size distribution in a laboratory scale stirred mill. The parameters of PBM were obtained by calculations performed on experimental data. The results showed that the breakage behavior of each class followed a first-order model in the grinding process. Furthermore, the particle size distribution was back calculated from the determined parameters of the PBM. The simulated results were analyzed by the attainable region (AR) method to maximize the volume fraction of the desired size (−45 + 10 μm) in grinding products. The results obtained indicated that the turning point and switch point were largely dependent on the feed size. These results suggest that a finer feed size is a better choice if the objective is to maximize the volume fraction of the desired size in the shortest residence time possible in a grinding circuit with a classifier. In addition, at the initial stage of grinding, the influence of the specific energy input on the yield of the desired size and overgrinding size for different feed sizes was significant.

ACS Style

Wang Guo; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li; Zhidong Tang. Effect of feed size on residence time and energy consumption in a stirred mill: An attainable region method. Powder Technology 2020, 379, 485 -493.

AMA Style

Wang Guo, Yuexin Han, Peng Gao, Yanjun Li, Zhidong Tang. Effect of feed size on residence time and energy consumption in a stirred mill: An attainable region method. Powder Technology. 2020; 379 ():485-493.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wang Guo; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li; Zhidong Tang. 2020. "Effect of feed size on residence time and energy consumption in a stirred mill: An attainable region method." Powder Technology 379, no. : 485-493.

Journal article
Published: 17 October 2020 in Minerals Engineering
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To ascertain the mechanism that the ore grinding characteristics were improved by high-voltage pulse discharge (HVPD) pre-treatment, an innovative experiment system was performed on magnetite quartzite. The HVPD pre-treatment improved the −0.074 mm mass fraction in ground products, and the increase in pulse number effectively enhanced the mass fraction. The values of relative grindability (K1 and K2) increased with the pulse number significantly, whereas their value reduced as the grinding fineness and grinding time extended. A laser particle size analysis showed that the distribution of HVPD pre-treatment products was uniform. The particle size distribution and cumulative distribution curves satisfied the lognormal distribution function and power function, respectively. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis indicated that the specific surface area, total pore volume, and the porosity of crushed products were improved effectively by the HVPD pre-treatment. The internal ore structure became loosened, resulting in the decline in the mechanical properties of the ore; this is conducive to improve the grinding efficiency. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses indicated that the grain-boundary breakage was obtained via the HVPD pre-treatment selectivity.

ACS Style

Yonghong Qin; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li; Shuai Yuan. Pre-weakening behavior of magnetite quartzite based on high-voltage pulse discharge. Minerals Engineering 2020, 160, 106662 .

AMA Style

Yonghong Qin, Yuexin Han, Peng Gao, Yanjun Li, Shuai Yuan. Pre-weakening behavior of magnetite quartzite based on high-voltage pulse discharge. Minerals Engineering. 2020; 160 ():106662.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yonghong Qin; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li; Shuai Yuan. 2020. "Pre-weakening behavior of magnetite quartzite based on high-voltage pulse discharge." Minerals Engineering 160, no. : 106662.

Journal article
Published: 21 July 2020 in Minerals Engineering
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High-iron red mud could potentially become a valuable resource if the iron could be extracted efficiently. A novel method for iron recovery from red mud using suspension magnetization roasting (SMR) followed by low-intensity magnetic separation has recently been developed. In this study, the effects of SMR operation parameters on its ability to extract iron from red mud were investigated. Under the optimized conditions, determined to be a roasting temperature of 540 °C, reaction time of 15 min, total gas-flow rate of 500 mL/min, and CO concentration of 30%, an iron grade of 56.41% and iron recovery of 88.45% was achieved. The saturation magnetization and specific magnetic susceptibility of the roasted sample under the optimal conditions studied were 37.17 A·m2/kg and 30.72 × 10−5 m3/kg, respectively. X-ray diffraction, chemical iron phase, and Mössbauer spectroscopy analyses were conducted on the raw and roasted samples, and the results indicate that hematite and goethite phases present in the raw red mud were transformed into magnetite and maghemite during the SMR process.

ACS Style

Xiao Liu; Peng Gao; Shuai Yuan; Yang Lv; Yuexin Han. Clean utilization of high-iron red mud by suspension magnetization roasting. Minerals Engineering 2020, 157, 106553 .

AMA Style

Xiao Liu, Peng Gao, Shuai Yuan, Yang Lv, Yuexin Han. Clean utilization of high-iron red mud by suspension magnetization roasting. Minerals Engineering. 2020; 157 ():106553.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiao Liu; Peng Gao; Shuai Yuan; Yang Lv; Yuexin Han. 2020. "Clean utilization of high-iron red mud by suspension magnetization roasting." Minerals Engineering 157, no. : 106553.

Research article
Published: 16 June 2020 in Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review
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During the grinding of pyrite, the grinding medium affects the properties of the grinding products, which in turn affects its flotation performance. In this study, we investigated the effects of cast iron ball (CIB) and ceramic ball (CB) grinding media on the grinding products characteristics and flotation performance of pyrite using atomic absorption spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, contact angle measurement, and single mineral flotation analysis. The results showed that the Fe3+ and SO4 2- concentrations and pH value of the pulp were significantly lower in the case of grinding with the CB medium than with the CIB medium, whereas the dissolved oxygen content of the pulp was significantly higher. The surfaces of the pyrite samples produced by the CB grinding medium were relatively even and smooth with a small amount of formation and coverage of FeOOH as compared to those of the pyrite samples produced by the CIB grinding medium, resulting in a superior hydrophobicity and floatability. Resultantly, the pyrite samples obtained using the CB grinding medium exhibited better performance in flotation recovery than those obtained using the CIB grinding medium. The presence of ferric ions was adverse to pyrite flotation because of the formation of ferric hydroxyl complex. CB shows great potential to be used as grinding medium for pyrite.

ACS Style

Xiaolong Zhang; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Xiaotian Gu; Yanjun Li. An Investigation into the Effects of Grinding Media on Grinding Products Characteristics and Flotation Performance of Pyrite. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review 2020, 42, 367 -373.

AMA Style

Xiaolong Zhang, Yuexin Han, Peng Gao, Xiaotian Gu, Yanjun Li. An Investigation into the Effects of Grinding Media on Grinding Products Characteristics and Flotation Performance of Pyrite. Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review. 2020; 42 (6):367-373.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaolong Zhang; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Xiaotian Gu; Yanjun Li. 2020. "An Investigation into the Effects of Grinding Media on Grinding Products Characteristics and Flotation Performance of Pyrite." Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review 42, no. 6: 367-373.

Journal article
Published: 27 March 2020 in Journal of Hazardous Materials
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Red mud is a type of solid waste derived from the alumina extraction process. It can be considered as a secondary resource for recovering iron values because of its high content of ferric oxide. In this study, an innovative technology called suspension magnetization roasting (SMR) was applied to treat red mud to recycle iron. Based on the lab-scale experimental basis, we adopted the single factor method to perform the semi-industrial scale experiments. Under the optimum conditions, the recovery and grade of iron in the iron concentrate were 95.22 % and 55.54 %, respectively. Chemical phase analysis, vibrating sample magnetometer, and XRD combined with Mössbauer spectroscopy were employed to assess the characteristics of red mud and roasted products. Occupancy of Fe content in magnetite was raised to 89.91 % in SMR products from 0.75 % in the red mud; saturation magnetization was enhanced from 0.40 A·m2/kg to 32.44 A·m2/kg; and the hematite and goethite phase were transformed into Fe3O4 (A), Fe3O4 (B) and γ-Fe2O3 phase. In addition, transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed that both magnetite and maghemite were found in the roasted product. This study demonstrates that SMR is a promising technology for the recovery of iron from red mud.

ACS Style

Shuai Yuan; Xiao Liu; Peng Gao; Yuexin Han. A semi-industrial experiment of suspension magnetization roasting technology for separation of iron minerals from red mud. Journal of Hazardous Materials 2020, 394, 122579 .

AMA Style

Shuai Yuan, Xiao Liu, Peng Gao, Yuexin Han. A semi-industrial experiment of suspension magnetization roasting technology for separation of iron minerals from red mud. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2020; 394 ():122579.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Shuai Yuan; Xiao Liu; Peng Gao; Yuexin Han. 2020. "A semi-industrial experiment of suspension magnetization roasting technology for separation of iron minerals from red mud." Journal of Hazardous Materials 394, no. : 122579.

Journal article
Published: 23 November 2019 in Powder Technology
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Iron ore tailings have proved to be one of the most hazardous solid wastes. This paper presents an innovative technological method for recycling iron from tailings that involves coupling the magnetic separation preconcentration with fluidized roasting followed by low-intensity magnetic separation. After analyzing the separation index and chemical composition, on the basis of the basic theory, the influences of different conditions on iron recovery were determined. Moreover, a high-quality iron concentrate assaying 65.91% Fe with a recovery rate of 94.60% was obtained under the following optimum parameters: gas flow rate of 500 ml/min, CO concentration of 25%, roasting time of 2.5 min, roasting temperature of 600 °C, grinding fineness of approximately 90 wt% passing 23 μm, and magnetic intensity of 104 kA/m. In addition, XRD analyses and iron chemical phase, optical metallographic microscope and magnetic property measurements revealed that hematite was converted to magnetite successfully after roasting. Using this method, a large amount of iron can be recycled, and this hazardous solid waste can be transformed into a valuable resource. At the same time, this research promotes and provides a research basis for integrated utilization of such solid wastes.

ACS Style

Zhidong Tang; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li; Yuexin Han; Wenbo Li; Stephen Butt; Yahui Zhang. Recovery of iron from hazardous tailings using fluidized roasting coupling technology. Powder Technology 2019, 361, 591 -599.

AMA Style

Zhidong Tang, Peng Gao, Yanjun Li, Yuexin Han, Wenbo Li, Stephen Butt, Yahui Zhang. Recovery of iron from hazardous tailings using fluidized roasting coupling technology. Powder Technology. 2019; 361 ():591-599.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhidong Tang; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li; Yuexin Han; Wenbo Li; Stephen Butt; Yahui Zhang. 2019. "Recovery of iron from hazardous tailings using fluidized roasting coupling technology." Powder Technology 361, no. : 591-599.

Journal article
Published: 06 November 2019 in Powder Technology
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Flotation kinetics is an excellent tool used to evaluate flotation performance, which is controlled by several factors, such as the particle size, bubble size, and surface property. In this study, we investigated the effects of particle size and ferric hydroxo complex produced by grinding with CB and CIB media on the flotation kinetics of pyrite using Python statistical analysis software and Origin software based on five flotation kinetic models. The results showed that the pyrite particles produced when CB was used as the grinding medium exhibited better cumulative experimental recovery owing to a lower formation of ferric hydroxo complexes. In the case of grinding with CB medium, the first-order flotation kinetic model (ε = ε∞(1 − e−kt)) provided the best fit for the experimental data, whereas the first-order and second-order flotation kinetic model are considered the best in the case of grinding with the CIB medium depending on the experimental conditions. In addition, the particle size and the ferric hydroxo complex were found to be the determining factors of the flotation rate constant (k) and cumulative ultimate recovery (ɛ∞), respectively, in both cases. The intermediate sizes of 10 to 120 μm were found to be the optimal particle sizes for achieving a higher pyrite flotation rate. Less quantity of ferric hydroxo complexes formed on the surface of the pyrite particles, resulting in a higher ɛ∞. The presence of ferric ions inhibited the pyrite flotation recovery and its flotation rate once the pulp pH was sufficient to cause complete precipitation of the ferric hydroxo complex.

ACS Style

Xiaolong Zhang; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li; Yongsheng Sun. Effects of particle size and ferric hydroxo complex produced by different grinding media on the flotation kinetics of pyrite. Powder Technology 2019, 360, 1028 -1036.

AMA Style

Xiaolong Zhang, Yuexin Han, Peng Gao, Yanjun Li, Yongsheng Sun. Effects of particle size and ferric hydroxo complex produced by different grinding media on the flotation kinetics of pyrite. Powder Technology. 2019; 360 ():1028-1036.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaolong Zhang; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li; Yongsheng Sun. 2019. "Effects of particle size and ferric hydroxo complex produced by different grinding media on the flotation kinetics of pyrite." Powder Technology 360, no. : 1028-1036.

Journal article
Published: 11 October 2019 in Powder Technology
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A U-type reduction chamber (URC) is developed as the key component of the novel iron ore suspension roaster. It consists of a fluidization chamber (FC) and a supply chamber (SC), and functions dually as sealing valve and reduction chamber. This roaster has been applied successfully to iron ore reduction roasting, while only limited information is available on its working mechanism. The fluid dynamic behavior of solid particles within URC and effects of operating parameters, i.e., the fluidizing air velocity, aeration air velocity and delivery rate, on its performance were investigated in this study. Simulation experiments on the fluid behavior of feed ores were conducted in a cold operating URC apparatus using alumina particles with an average size of 147 μm. It was found that the feeding particles descend in moving-bed mode in the supply chamber, while the particles move upwards in fluidization mode in the FC under suitable operating conditions. The differential pressure fluctuation reaches the maximum at the middle region of the FC, indicating vigorous gas-solid interactions at this area. The solids holdup presents an “S” shape distribution along the height of the FC. The average solids holdup and axial nonuniformity index range from 0.35 to 0.50 and from 0.10 to 0.40, respectively, which are relatively higher than those found in conventional fluidized bed reactors, ensuring better gas-solids contacting and mixing and promotion of reduction performance. In addition, the solids height in the SC could self-adjust to maintain pressure balance in the URC system under various operating conditions, and the pressure difference produced by solids at a certain height in the SC is the main driving force to keep normal flow of solid particles. The information obtained from this study could be helpful, especially for the regulation and control of industrial iron ore suspension roasting.

ACS Style

Zhidong Tang; Peng Gao; Yongsheng Sun; Yuexin Han; Erlei Li; Jia Chen; Yahui Zhang. Studies on the fluidization performance of a novel fluidized bed reactor for iron ore suspension roasting. Powder Technology 2019, 360, 649 -657.

AMA Style

Zhidong Tang, Peng Gao, Yongsheng Sun, Yuexin Han, Erlei Li, Jia Chen, Yahui Zhang. Studies on the fluidization performance of a novel fluidized bed reactor for iron ore suspension roasting. Powder Technology. 2019; 360 ():649-657.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhidong Tang; Peng Gao; Yongsheng Sun; Yuexin Han; Erlei Li; Jia Chen; Yahui Zhang. 2019. "Studies on the fluidization performance of a novel fluidized bed reactor for iron ore suspension roasting." Powder Technology 360, no. : 649-657.

Journal article
Published: 10 October 2019 in Minerals Engineering
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Selective flotation has been considered the most promising strategy for treating chalcopyrite. Grinding, an essential procedure before flotation, has extraordinary significance in chalcopyrite flotation. In this study, the differences between the properties of the products obtained by grinding with cast iron ball (CIB, >3.5% C) and ceramic ball (CB, >90% Al2O3) media were investigated using various techniques: atomic absorption spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy combined with energy dispersive spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and contact angle and zeta potential measurements. The performance of chalcopyrite flotation was used as the final factor in determining the characteristics of both the grinding media. The results indicate that the Fe3+ concentration and the pH of the pulp obtained by grinding with CB medium were lower, while the dissolved oxygen content was obviously higher, than those of the pulp obtained by grinding with CIB medium. The Cu2+ concentrations were basically the same under the two grinding media systems. Furthermore, grinding with CB medium yielded products with relatively more even and smoother surface than grinding with CIB medium did. Fewer oxygen-containing floccules, i.e., FeOOH and Cu(OH)2, had formed and scattered on the chalcopyrite surface during grinding with CB medium, and this is mainly attributable to the limited local cell reaction of chalcopyrite alone. Additionally, it was found that better hydrophobicity and a lower iso-electric point of the chalcopyrite surface were achieved by grinding with CB medium. Consequently, grinding with CB medium exhibited better performance in terms of chalcopyrite recovery, which was approximately 16% higher than that obtained by grinding with CIB medium.

ACS Style

Xiaolong Zhang; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li. Effects of grinding media on grinding products and flotation performance of chalcopyrite. Minerals Engineering 2019, 145, 106070 .

AMA Style

Xiaolong Zhang, Yuexin Han, Peng Gao, Yanjun Li. Effects of grinding media on grinding products and flotation performance of chalcopyrite. Minerals Engineering. 2019; 145 ():106070.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaolong Zhang; Yuexin Han; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li. 2019. "Effects of grinding media on grinding products and flotation performance of chalcopyrite." Minerals Engineering 145, no. : 106070.

Article
Published: 04 October 2019 in International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials
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To understand the formation and growth mechanism of the magnetite phase during the fluidized reduction of hematite, a high-purity hematite ore was isothermally reduced using a 20vol% CO?80vol% CO2 gas mixture in a micro-fluidized bed to examine the process of the selective conversion of hematite to magnetite. The micro-structural characteristics of the magnetite phase were investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) method, and the thickness of the magnetite layer was measured and evaluated using statistical analysis. The experimental results showed that the fresh magnetite nuclei were dense needles of different lengths, and the original hematite grains became porous after complete reduction to the magnetite phase. The thickness of the magnetite layer increased with an increase in reduction temperature and reduction time. The growth kinetics of the magnetite layer was investigated, and the value of the activation energy E was estimated to be 28.33 kJ/mol.

ACS Style

Jianwen Yu; Yue-Xin Han; Yan-Jun Li; Peng Gao. Growth behavior of the magnetite phase in the reduction of hematite via a fluidized bed. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials 2019, 26, 1231 -1238.

AMA Style

Jianwen Yu, Yue-Xin Han, Yan-Jun Li, Peng Gao. Growth behavior of the magnetite phase in the reduction of hematite via a fluidized bed. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials. 2019; 26 (10):1231-1238.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jianwen Yu; Yue-Xin Han; Yan-Jun Li; Peng Gao. 2019. "Growth behavior of the magnetite phase in the reduction of hematite via a fluidized bed." International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy, and Materials 26, no. 10: 1231-1238.

Journal article
Published: 24 April 2018 in Minerals
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To reveal the growth behavior and size characterization of iron particles in coal-based reduction, we reduced oolitic hematite–coal composite briquettes at various temperatures, durations and ore size fractions. The degree of metallization and microstructure of the reduced briquettes and the characteristic of iron particle size were investigated through chemical composition analysis, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Bgrimm process mineralogy analysis. Results showed that iron oxides in the oolitic hematite ore were reduced to metallic iron from outer to inner layers; these oxides gradually grew into quasi-spherical iron particles with random distribution in the gangue. As reduction continued, iron grains agglomerated occurred, and iron particle clusters were formed in the form of quasi-spherical, chained, blocky, and clavate when they were viewed in the cross section. The boundaries among the iron grains of the iron particle cluster continuously faded and disappeared, and an iron particle with increased size and homogeneity was finally produced. The reduction temperature, time, and ore size fraction influenced the reduction of composite briquettes and iron particle size. The degree of metallization increased as reduction temperature was increased, reduction time was extended, or ore size fraction was decreased until the equilibrium of reaction was achieved. Moreover, the iron particle size gradually increased as reduction temperature was increased, reduction time was extended, or ore size fraction was decreased.

ACS Style

Yanfeng Li; Yuexin Han; Yongsheng Sun; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li; Guichen Gong. Growth Behavior and Size Characterization of Metallic Iron Particles in Coal-Based Reduction of Oolitic Hematite–Coal Composite Briquettes. Minerals 2018, 8, 177 .

AMA Style

Yanfeng Li, Yuexin Han, Yongsheng Sun, Peng Gao, Yanjun Li, Guichen Gong. Growth Behavior and Size Characterization of Metallic Iron Particles in Coal-Based Reduction of Oolitic Hematite–Coal Composite Briquettes. Minerals. 2018; 8 (5):177.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yanfeng Li; Yuexin Han; Yongsheng Sun; Peng Gao; Yanjun Li; Guichen Gong. 2018. "Growth Behavior and Size Characterization of Metallic Iron Particles in Coal-Based Reduction of Oolitic Hematite–Coal Composite Briquettes." Minerals 8, no. 5: 177.