A direct base-mediated intramolecular carbon-oxygen bond formation has been developed without a transition-metal catalyst. In the presence of 2.0 equiv of K₂CO₃ in DMSO at 140 °C, the intramolecular cyclization of o-haloanilides affords benzoxazoles in high yields. A mechanism via an initial formation of a benzyne intermediate followed by nucleophilic addition to form the C–O bond has been proposed.

HPB@COF nanoparticles were synthesized in situ using a one-pot method, and exhibited excellent pH-responsive release properties and photothermal tumor treatment effects.

Polyoxometalate-based metal–organic frameworks (POMOFs) are novel materials composed of polyoxometalates (POMs) and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), which are widely used in biomedical research. Synthesis strategies for POMOF materials predominantly utilise liquid-phase self-assembly via diverse methodologies and solid-phase self-assembly facilitated by mechanical grinding. Additionally, POMOF materials can be modified to enhance their efficacy through enhancements in catalytic activity and structural refinement. This review article summarises the common design, synthesis, and modification strategies of POMOF materials suitable for biomedical applications. The review further elucidates the unique properties of POMOF materials, regulatability, stability, and multifunctionality, which distinctly exceed those of other biomedical materials. Subsequently, the review is centred on applying POMOF biosensors classified by colourimetric and electrochemical methods and their multiple roles in biomedical therapy fields. Finally, we introduce the challenges faced by POMOFs in terms of synthesis methods and, using conditions, propose potential solutions and summarise the future development potential of POMOFs in the field of biomedical detection and therapy.