Imipenem cilastatin sodium, as a member of a new generation of ss-lactam antibiotics, has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and a very wide range of application. Thrombocytopenia has been reported as a rare adverse event in several studies of patients treated with imipenem cilastatin sodium. In this study, we present a case of thrombocytopenia associated with imipenem cilastatin sodium in an older patient. The 78-year-old male patient with pulmonary infection was initiated on anti-infection therapy with imipenem cilastatin sodium. On the 9(th) day after imipenem cilastatin sodium administration, the patient experienced a sudden and dramatic decrease in platelet count. Similarly, on the 4(th) day after the re-administration of imipenem cilastatin sodium for anti-infection therapy, the patient's platelet count showed a remarkable downward trend again. A time correlation between the drug therapy and the occurrence of platelet reaction was found. The patient's platelet count gradually returned to the normal level on the 6(th) day after the first drug withdrawal and the 13(th) day after the second drug withdrawal, respectively. Considering the widespread use of imipenem cilastatin sodium, healthcare providers should improve the notification of thrombocytopenia associated with imipenem cilastatin sodium.

Tigecycline is a tetracycline-class antibacterial indicated for the treatment of complicated skin and skin-structure infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections, and community-acquired bacterial pneumonia. It has a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. It has identified gastrointestinal side-effects, particularly nausea and vomiting. With the increasing clinical use of tigecycline, its associated acute pancreatitis has been frequently reported in adults. However, cases of tigecycline-induced acute pancreatitis have rarely been described in children. In this study, we report a case of acute pancreatitis caused by the use of tigecycline in a child with pulmonary cystic fibrosis. In this case, abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting occurred on the 5^th day after the use of tigecycline. Elevated pancreatic enzymes occurred, and abdominal computed tomography findings were compatible with pancreatitis. After 2 weeks of discontinuation of tigecycline, the pancreatic enzyme level decreased to normal, and the symptoms of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting disappeared completely. In conclusion, we hope to improve the clinical awareness of children with tigecycline-associated pancreatitis, so as to reduce the probability of adverse reactions through the analysis of this case.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has ravaged the world since December 2019. Up to now, it is still prevalent around the world. Vaccines are an important means to prevent the spread of COVID-19 and reduce severe disease and mortality. Currently, different types of novel coronavirus vaccines are still being developed and improved, and the relevant vaccines that have been approved for marketing have been widely vaccinated around the world. As vaccination coverage continues to grow, concerns about the efficacy and safety of vaccines after real-world use have grown. Some clinical studies have shown that vaccine effectiveness is closely related to antibody response after vaccination. Among them, the advantages of COVID-19 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine, such as better adaptability to variant strains and better immune response ability, have attracted great attention. However, different populations with different genders, ages, previous COVID-19 infection history, underlying diseases and treatments will show different antibody responses after mRNA vaccination, which will affect the protection of the vaccine. Based on this, this paper reviews the reports related severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 mRNA vaccines, and summarizes the effectiveness of vaccines in different populations and different disease states and looked forward to the precise vaccination strategy of the vaccine in the future.

Introduction: Fulminant myocarditis is a life-threatening disease among young patients. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is distributed in nature and is often spread as an opportunistic pathogen to cause hospital-acquired infections in patients with underlying diseases and low immunity. Case Presentation: This report presented a case of a 28-year-old woman with fulminant myocarditis followed by P. aeruginosa infection. After hospitalization, she received veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and continuous renal replacement treatment (CRRT). Initially, piperacillin sodium tazobactam combined with amikacin was used for anti-infection therapy, which had a poor clinical effect. Subsequently, it was recommended to use ceftazidime-avibactam and amikacin for treatment. Finally, the infection index of the patient returned to normal. Conclusions: It is necessary to select correct and effective drugs according to etiology, considering the influence of ECMO and CRRT on the patient’s antimicrobial pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD). This case could provide a reference for safe and rational drug use in clinical practice.

Introduction: Vibrio vulnificus is a pathogen that usually induces serious infections and even life-threatening diseases. It might delay the diagnosis and targeted treatment of V. vulnificus infection due to early atypical symptoms and low incidence. Case Presentation: A 73-year-old woman with cerebral infarction developed necrotizing fasciitis with septic infection after admission. The patient developed rapidly progressive symptoms of the right lower limb, nausea and vomiting, hypotension, and liver and kidney function insufficiency on day 10 of hospitalization. Laboratory tests showed a significant increase in infection indicators, and blood cultures showed V. vulnificus growth. Early anti-infective drugs showed a gradual decline in the infection indexes but an aggravation trend in the right lower extremity lesions. The antibiotic regimen was adjusted to cephalosporin combined with quinolones, and local incision decompression and drainage were performed. The patient's infection was controlled, and the local lesion shrank. Conclusions: This case report suggests the importance of referring to the results of drug sensitivity and choosing proper antibiotics in consideration of various factors, such as the infected site of the patient and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) characteristics of antibiotics for V. vulnificus infection. Meanwhile, the timing of surgical intervention is also crucial for the necrotizing fasciitis caused by V. vulnificus.

This paper was prepared for presentation at the 1999 SPE Asia Pacific Improved Oil Recovery Conference held in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 25-26 October 1999.