This study emphasizes the importance of monitoring the microbiological quality of animal products, such as raw sheep’s milk and cheese, to ensure food safety. In Brazil, there is currently no legislation governing the quality of sheep’s milk and its derivatives. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate: (i) the hygienic-sanitary quality of raw sheep’s milk and cheese produced in southern Brazil; (ii) the presence of enterotoxins and Staphylococcus spp. in these products; and (iii) the susceptibility of the isolated Staphylococcus spp. to antimicrobial drugs and the presence of resistance genes. A total of 35 samples of sheep’s milk and cheese were examined. The microbiological quality and presence of enterotoxins were accessed using Petrifilm and VIDAS SET2 methods, respectively. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were conducted using VITEK 2 equipment and the disc diffusion method. The presence of resistance genes tet(L), sul1, sul2, ermB, tetM, AAC(6)’, tetW, and strA were evaluated through PCR. In total, 39 Staphylococcus spp. were obtained. The resistance genes tetM, ermB, strA, tetL, sul1, AAC(6)’, and sul2 were detected in 82%, 59%, 36%, 28%, 23%, 3%, and 3% of isolates, respectively. The findings revealed that both raw sheep’s milk and cheese contained Staphylococcus spp. that exhibited resistance to antimicrobial drugs and harbored resistance genes. These results underscore the immediate need for specific legislation in Brazil to regulate the production and sale of these products.

Enterococci have been used as sentinel organisms for monitoring antimicrobial resistance in food, humans, and other animals. In this sense, the present study evaluated the antimicrobial susceptibility profile and the presence of genes associated with resistance to erythromycin (msrC and ermB) and tetracycline [tet(M) and/or tet(L)] in enterococci isolated from raw sheep’s milk and cheeses (colonial, feta-, and pecorino-type) from South region of Brazil. A total of 156 enterococci were isolated from milk (n=80) and cheese (n=76) samples, identified by MALDI-TOF. Enterococcus faecalis (50.6%; n=79) was the most frequent species isolated from both samples. According to in vitro susceptibility tests, enterococci strains were not susceptible to the most commonly antimicrobial agents used in human and veterinary medicine. The frequency of MDR strains in enterococci isolated from milk (53.7%) was higher than those from cheese (24.2%). The tet(M) gene was the most commonly detected among tetracycline not-susceptible strains. The present study provided the first evidence of antimicrobial not-susceptible enterococci in raw sheep’s milk and cheeses in South Brazil. Drug-resistant strains, particularly those that are MDR, constitute a One Health issue.

The Industry 4.0 technologies are in ascension in the worldwide market, in Brazil still needs to be explored. It was made a Systematic Review to measure the application of IoT in the food industry. Some platforms were used to select works, applying the string “IoT AND Raspberry Pi AND Cheese”. It was possible to evidence the majority of IoT applications in the food industry, focus on the control of temperature, humidity, color, traceability of productive chain, and enlargement of sustainability in the food industry. The most difficulties faced in the conventional application of IoT are related to the high cost of proprietary arquitectures, qualified manpower and obstacles of data security implementation. There are alternatives that aim to reduce the costs of implementation, like the utilization of Raspberry Pi. The food industry presents potential application of technologies that aim for the quality of products, being an excellent opportunity.

The search for sustainable and health-promoting food ingredients has positioned microalgae as promising candidates for the development of functional products. Haematococcus pluvialis, a unicellular green microalga, is the richest natural source of astaxanthin, a carotenoid with outstanding antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. In addition to astaxanthin, H. pluvialis provides high-value proteins, essential fatty acids, polysaccharides, and vitamins, which expand its potential applications in the food sector. This review compiles current knowledge on the biology and physiology of H. pluvialis, with emphasis on cultivation strategies, environmental stress factors, and biotechnological tools designed to enhance bioactive compound production. Advances in extraction and purification methods are also discussed, contrasting conventional solvent-based approaches with emerging green technologies. The integration of these strategies with biomass valorization highlights opportunities for improving economic feasibility and sustainability. Applications of H. pluvialis in the food industry include its use as a functional ingredient, natural colorant, antioxidant, and stabilizer in bakery products, beverages, meat analogs, and emulsified systems. Evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies reinforces its safety and effectiveness. Looking ahead, industrial perspectives point to the adoption of omics-based tools, metabolic engineering, and circular economy approaches as drivers to overcome current barriers of cost, stability, and regulation, opening new avenues for large-scale applications in food systems.

Edible flowers (PANC), are increasingly used in the preparation of meals, as they have beneficial potential for human health. The nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) is a flower recognized for its antioxidant properties and high content of phenolic compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the profile of bioactive compounds, nutritional in human health, such as carotenoids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids and anthocyanins, in edible flowers of the species (Tropaeolum majus) through the application of descriptive review methodology. Through this descriptive review, we sought to collect data on the effects of bioactive compounds from Capuchin on the human body. The search for published bibliographies took place in the Scielo, Academic Google and World Wide Science databases between the years 2004 to 2020 using the descriptors "Capuchinha", "bioactive compounds", phenolic compounds", "anthocyanins" and "carotenoids", " Tropaeolum majus”, “edible flowers”, in total there were 27 articles in Portuguese and English. After reading and evaluation, 20 articles were selected. greater use in food due to its functional or sensory characteristics.

Resumo A liofilização é considerada uma das técnicas mais seguras para obtenção de estabilidade de cepas de cultura. Para este processo, podem ser utilizados crioprotetores, que são substâncias que protegem as estruturas celulares durante o período de congelamento, descongelamento e desidratação. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho da glicose, trealose e quitosana como crioprotetores para manutenção de cepas de Escherichia coli e Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Para tratamento estatístico, utilizou-se ANOVA e teste de Tukey com o software Bioestat, versão 5.3. Para Escherichia coli, a Trealose apresentou melhores resultados após a liofilização, porém nenhum dos tratamentos mostrou-se eficaz em prolongar a viabilidade até os 60 dias de armazenamento. Para Saccharomyces cerevisiae, todos os tratamentos apresentaram-se satisfatórios ao longo dos 60 dias avaliados.