As a widely-used construction machinery, the electric loader has the potential to recover braking energy due to its large mass and frequent starts and stops. Identifying braking intention accurately is the foundation of braking energy recovery. The typical braking condition of an electric loader is analyzed; the braking intention is divided into sliding brake, mild braking, moderate braking, and emergency braking. A large number of braking data were collected under different braking intentions, which are used as the basis for fuzzy control variable partitioning, fuzzy controller parameter setting and fuzzy control rule formulation. The control strategies of deceleration intention identification based on accelerator pedal, braking intention identification based on brake pedal and sliding brake intention identification are proposed in this paper, respectively. This paper takes the hydraulic brake pressure as a feedback parameter, even if there is hysteresis or failure based on the intention of pedal identification, the system can still provide sufficient braking strength to ensure the braking safety. The AMESim(R12)-Matlab/Simulink co-simulation model and prototype are built to verify the feasibility of the control strategy under different braking intention identification. The results show that the braking strength under stronger braking intention can satisfy the braking demand whether at a speed of 2 m/s or 12 m/s, which ensures the safety of emergency braking, and the electric loader can provide stable braking strength under different braking intention and different speed. This has good braking stability.

In steam turbines, blades operate in a high-speed wet steam environment and are often damaged by combined erosion from liquid droplets and solid particles. To reveal the mechanism of composite modification via high velocity oxy-fuel spraying (HVOF) and laser shock peening (LSP) on improving blade erosion resistance, an accelerated erosion experimental method was designed in this work. Five different processes were proposed, including UT, LSP, UT-HVOF, LSP-HVOF, and HVOF-LSP. The results indicate that compared with UT specimens, LSP treatment induces high compressive residual stress in the surface layer of 1Cr12Ni3Mo2VN stainless steel, which leads to shallower compound erosion pits. Compared with UT-HVOF and LSP-HVOF specimens, the HVOF-LSP specimen has the lowest coating porosity and the highest surface microhardness of 1500 HV0.5, representing an increase of 14.5% and 8.7% respectively. This demonstrates that LSP post-treatment can enhance the load-bearing capacity of HVOF coatings effectively. Microstructural analysis further reveals that the HVOF-LSP specimen presents the shallowest erosion pits and the longest penetration lifetime of the WC coating. Accordingly, the HVOF-LSP treatment can effectively improve the service life and protection performance of materials under accelerated erosion conditions, providing a technical reference for the long-term service of turbine blades.

To address the severe wear of the hole wall and orifice in ejector pin guide holes of injection molds caused by frequent hole-shaft sliding, this study proposes a composite strengthening method that combines nitriding with oblique laser shock peening (N-OLSP). The strengthening uniformity in both circumferential and axial directions was evaluated by defining a laser shock peening uniformity coefficient ($k$). By strictly controlling the uniformity coefficient ratio of two adjacent spots to be no less than 0.98, the optimal step angles for circumferential and axial directions were determined. Comparative experiments were conducted on three types of samples: Untreated, Nitrided, and N-OLSP treated. The results demonstrate that N-OLSP significantly enhances both surface hardness and residual compressive stress of the guide hole, and the degree of improvement increases with a higher value of $k$. Among the tested samples, N-OLSP exhibited the best wear resistance at the orifice, reducing the wear rate to 0.60 μm/h. Compared with the untreated and nitrided samples, the wear rate reduction achieved by N-OLSP was 66.85% and 16.67%, respectively.