Tri‑Cuong Do received a B.S. from the School of Transportation Engineering from Ha Noi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam, in 2017 and M. Sc. and Ph.D. degrees from the School of Mechanical Engineering from the University of Ulsan, Korea, in 2019 and 2023, respectively. Currently, he is working as a lecturer at the Institute of Intelligent and Interactive Technologies at the University of Economics, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam. His research interests include energy harvesting, innovative powertrain, renewable energy, and optimization control.