The content of the China-US CCUS technology development roadmap is summarized based on the roadmap update in 2019. Qualitative analysis and evaluation were conducted from the perspectives of running CCUS demonstrations or industrial projects, CO₂ pipeline infrastructure, established regulatory frameworks, policy support, research and development capabilities, and geological storage resources. A simple analysis of the development status of carbon capture, storage, and utilization technology through relevant patent data is provided. Future planning by China and the United States in terms of planning volume, investment funds, related industries, transportation methods, geological storage, geological utilization, other utilization methods, and incentive policies is compared. Overall, US CCUS technology development is in the leading position in the world; it has entered the stage of small-scale commercial promotion, while the overall development level of China’s CCUS technology is still behind the international advanced level in a small-scale experimental demonstration period, and is still in the catch-up stage. However, as the Chinese government has put forward the strategy of “carbon peaking and carbon neutralization”, CCUS has ushered in a golden opportunity for development in China, and some large-scale industrial demonstration projects have been carried out. This study analyzes China’s advantages and challenges in developing CCUS and gives some suggestions on the direction that China’s CCUS development should take in the future.

As the largest carbon emitter in China’s manufacturing sector, the low-carbon transition of the steel industry is urgent. CO₂ capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technology is one of the effective measures to reduce carbon emissions in steel industry. In this paper, a comprehensive assessment model of source–sink matching-levelized cost in China’s steel industry is constructed to evaluate the potential, economy, and spatial distribution of CCUS retrofits of blast furnaces in the BF-BOF steel industry. The results show that, if no extra incentive policy is included, the levelized cost of carbon dioxide (LCOCD) of 111 steel plants with a 420.07 Mt/a CO₂ abatement potential ranges from −134.87 to 142.95 USD/t. The levelized cost of crude steel (LCOS) range of steel plants after the CCUS retrofits of blast furnaces is 341.81 to 541.41 USD/t. The incentives such as carbon market and government subsidies will all contribute to the early deployment of CCUS projects. The CCUS technology could be prioritized for deployment in North China, Northwest China, and East China’s Shandong Province, but more powerful incentives are still needed for current large-scale deployment. The research results can provide references for the early deployment and policy formulation of CCUS in China’s steel industry.