This paper investigates the changes in species diversity and the spatial pattern of the population of a moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forest community in the Wuyi Mountain Nature Reserve in Fujian Province, China. Using the method of space–time substitution, the composition of species and changes in the spatial patterns of different communities were analyzed by taking Phyllostachys edulis mixed forests after 0, 3, 5, 10, 15, and 40 years of enclosure as the survey object. The results showed that as the number of years of enclosure extended, the important values of the Japanese bay tree (Machilus thunbergii Sieb. & Zucc.), chinquapin (Castanopsis faberi Hance), and Masson’s pine (Pinus massoniana Lamb.) increased continuously. These trees became the dominant species of mature forest after 40 years of enclosure. The species diversity of mature and young trees in the community generally increased in parallel with the years of enclosure, and the species diversity of the shrubs generally increased first and then decreased as the number of years of enclosure increased. With the extension of enclosure years, the average diameter at breast height of the mature trees tended to increase, indicating that there were increasing advantages of mature growth as the time of enclosure increased. With the extension of enclosure years, the pattern of spatial distribution of the mature trees in the forest community was generally an aggregated distribution. The Phyllostachys edulis forest community under the prolonged enclosure conditions responded in a positive direction and ultimately formed a more stable Phyllostachys edulis mixed forest community.

Investigating light–nitrogen interactions during bamboo shoot bud germination of Dendrocalamus latiflorus provides a theoretical basis for regulating shoot emergence through optimized light intensity and nitrogen supply. This study further elucidates how such coupling effects can guide stand density adjustments in bamboo plantations. Additionally, it provides actionable insights for improving nutrient management strategies in practical bamboo cultivation systems. This study evaluated the effects of different nitrogen levels (1.5, 4.5, and 7.5 g·clump⁻¹) combined with varying light intensities (10%, 40%, and 100%) on shoot germination and physiological characteristics of bamboo. Two-way ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between light intensity and nitrogen concentration on bamboo shoot bud germination (p < 0.05). Under low nitrogen conditions, bamboo shoot bud germination was highest (3 buds·clump⁻¹) at 10% light intensity. However, under high nitrogen conditions, the highest germination (4.75 buds·clump⁻¹) occurred at 40% light intensity. Moreover, leaf carbon, nitrogen, and starch contents were positively correlated with shoot bud germination. Pearson correlation and path analyses indicated that total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a/b, photochemical quenching coefficient, sucrose, and leaf nitrate were the main photosynthetic traits associated with bamboo shoot bud germination. Among these, the photochemical quenching coefficient was the most critical factor. Based on this, the nitrogen management, nitrogen utilization, and low-light adaptability of D. latiflorus could be optimized.

Chamaecyparis hodginsii with a naturally narrow-crowned form combines ornamental value, landscape greening functions, and timber production potential, maki