Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) has become a serious public health exposure because it leads to chronic pain and minimizes physical function and quality of life (QOL). This review aimed to find out the effectiveness of closed kinetic chain exercise (CKCE) on pain, range of motion (ROM), physical function, and QOL in subjects with knee OA. Methods: The design of this study was a narrative review. A computerized electronic search was performed using PEDro, PubMed, CINAHL, and EMBASE Register of controlled trials with keywords including osteoarthritis, knee OA, closed chain exercise, closed kinetic chain exercise, functional exercise, physiotherapy exercise, and therapeutic intervention. The inclusion criteria consisted of studies that were randomized controlled trials, published in English from 2016 to 2023. Here, allotted osteoarthritis was the primary concern, and we identified closed kinetic chain exercise as one of the treatment options. Results: The initial search of the database revealed a total of 91 studies. Of those studies, 11 were selected as potentially meeting the inclusion criteria. Ultimately, six studies were retained for the final review. The evaluations suggested that CKCE has better impacts on pain, capacity, and ROM in knee OA. After reviewing, it has been revealed that at least an 8-week program with 3 sessions per week in 30 min longer might have greater effects on the CKCE program. Conclusion: The results of this narrative review have shown that CKCEs are efficient for relieving pain, promoting function, increasing knee ROM, and enhancing QOL in subjects with knee OA.

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a neuromuscular ailment that leads to the deprivation of motor neurons in the spinal cord, producing denervation and muscle weakness. This case report explains how a patient with type 2 SMA used a therapeutic exercise rehabilitation program in a school environment. Motor functions were assessed by Gross Motor Function Measure-88 (GMFM-88), Manual Muscle Testing (MMT), and Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale (HFMS), which is validated and reliable. This study employed a repeated pre-test post-test measures design. During a year of treatment sessions, the child underwent twice weekly 45-minute physical therapy sessions for 48 weeks. The research was carried out between March 2022 and February 2023. The purpose of the intervention, which comprised a variety of therapeutic workouts, was to enhance physical function and gross motor abilities in an age-appropriate manner. The intervention utilized in this study led to improvements in GMFM-88, HFMS, and MMT total scores. The results of this case study showed that a child with type 2 SMA aged nine had successfully improved their gross motor skills and muscle strength.

Background and Aims: Lumbar disc prolapse (LDP) is a more severe health issue worldwide. Shacklock's neural mobilization is a useful technique for treating prolapsed discs. The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of Shacklock's neural mobilization for acute and subacute LDP. Methods: The study was a double‐blinded, randomized controlled trial. A total of 42 individuals with LDP were allocated randomly by computer‐generated numbers to an experimental and a control group. The experimental group got neural mobilization along with usual physiotherapy treatment. The control group got just usual physiotherapy. Postural education was given for both groups in sitting and standing positions. The total number of therapy sessions was eight, with a frequency of four sessions per week for a duration of 2 weeks. The Dallas pain questionnaire (DPQ) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) questionnaire were measured on the initial day and after eight sessions of treatment. The data was analyzed through paired t ‐test, unrelated t ‐test, chi‐square, and Mann‐Whitney U test. Results: A significant improvement of pain in different positions and disability was demonstrated in the within‐group analysis by paired t ‐test, whereas no significant improvement was found in the between‐group analysis by independent sample t ‐test. The significant change was found on the DPQ score except for two variables. There was no statistically significant association between disability status and gender ( p = 0.69) and between disability status and BMI ( p = 0.41). A significant difference ( p = 0.000) was found in both scales. Conclusion: Shacklock's neural mobilization, along with standard physiotherapy techniques, had a significant impact on pain and disability for people with acute and subacute LDP. Trial Registration: Zahid Bin Sultan Nahid: CTRI/2023/04/051283

Background: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus quickly surged the whole world and affected people’s physical, mental, and social health, thereby upsetting their quality of life (QOL). Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the psychological status and QOL of COVID-19-positive patients after recovery in Bangladesh. Methods: A multi-centered cross-sectional survey was conducted using a convenient sampling technique. A total of 305 COVID-19 cases, diagnosed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) tests, were selected for interviewing through a phone call. Firstly, the participants were asked about socio-demographic information, and then the survey used self-report questionnaires of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), European Quality of Life 5 Dimensions 3 Level Version (EQ-5D-3L), and EuroQoL-visual analogue scales (EQ-VAS) questionnaires. Results: The participant’s age Mean ± SD was 34.84 ± 12.98. A maximum of 65.7% of participants were male, and 49.7% were from semi-urban areas. Around 50.1% of respondents had COVID-19-related symptoms, and a maximum of 19.3% were suffering from fatigue. The majority of the participants had hypertension (14.4%) and were newly diagnosed with respiratory cases (10.8%). Researchers found that 71.9% had taken management for health problems. The IES-R scale reported that around 29.8% had a mild psychological impact due to the COVID-19 outbreak. It displayed a significant association (p-value<0.05) among different variables of EQ-5D-3L with the age of the participants. The results focused on the significant association (p-value<0.05) between psychological variables and isolation duration in people positive for COVID-19. Conclusion: The study revealed that the psychological status and QOL of the people positive for COVID-19 declined. Appropriate, adequate, and timely information is needed to build awareness among the masses regarding the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: Limb amputation is a significant life-changing experience that affects activities of daily living (ADL), overall health, and quality of life (QOL). Limb amputation ultimately restricts social participation. Objectives: The study aimed to investigate lower-limb prosthetic patients’ satisfaction with their device and related services provided in the Centre for the Rehabilitation of the Paralysed (CRP) and the Centre for Disability in Development (CDD). Methods: The cross-sectional study with the convenience sampling method was used to select 145 participants. First, the participants were asked about sociodemographic information, and then the survey used the Quebec User Evaluation of Satisfaction with Assistive Technology questionnaire (QUEST 2.0). Results: The participant’s ages mean ± SD of the CRP and CDD were 38.14 ± 13.37 and 39.58 ± 11.94 years, respectively. The majority, 87.5%, of participants were male from CRP, and 84.6% were male from CDD. The majority of the amputations were transtibial. The difficulty faced and device type were significantly associated ( P = 0.00) for the respondents from both organizations. The results of QUEST showed that participants were significantly quite satisfied with their assistive devices and more or less satisfied with the service they are receiving. The weight of the device, durability, safety, adjustments of the device, and effectiveness were considered the most important satisfaction levels. Conclusions: Participants reported a high level of satisfaction with the devices and services, although they have had some adverse experiences. Limitations in the effectiveness of assistive devices and limited access to follow-up services and repairs were issues that need to be addressed. Clinical Relevance: The results of the study showed that participants among transtibial prosthetic users were quite satisfied with their assistive devices and also very satisfied with the services received. Participants were significantly more or less satisfied with service delivery system in Bangladesh.

Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is characterized as pain in the back that lasts more than 12 weeks or 3 months. Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization (IASTM) combines specialized noninvasive medical devices used to stimulate soft tissue, reduce restrictions, and improve circulation. The objective of the study was to explore IASTM alone with conventional care in reducing pain for CLBP. Methods: The trial was conducted from June to November 2024. A total of 52 patients with CLBP were allocated randomly to an experimental and a control group. The trial group provided IASTM along with conventional physiotherapy. The control group got just conventional care. The total duration of the trial regimen was 4 weeks, 3 sessions per week, for a total of 12 sessions. The Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) was used to define the individual pain level, the inclinometer was used to evaluate the ROM, and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) was utilized to evaluate the severity of functional disability. Results: The majority of the participants (30.5%) were between the ages of 41 and 50 years, where most of them were male (62.7%). Around 45.8% were from urban areas, where the majority of the participants (28.8%) had secondary-level education. In between-group analysis, the significant outcome was found with pain (p = 0.021), lumbar ROM (p = 0.006), and disability status (p = 0.001). In the within-group analysis, the study identified an immediate significant improvement in lumbar ROM, reduced pain, and disability after both interventions for CLBP. However, the IASTM alone with the conventional care group was more effective than only the conventional care group. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that IASTM along with conventional physiotherapy was effective for reducing pain, increasing ROM, and minimizing the disability status of patients with CLBP. Trial registration: Efficacy of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization for chronic low back pain. Trial registration has been given from Clinical Trial Registry India (CTRI), CTRI no. CTRI/2025/04/084894.