Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition affecting over 10% of the global population, with high sodium intake identified as a critical modifiable risk factor. This study investigated the global burden of CKD due to excessive sodium intake in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021 and made the first future projections to 2040, addressing gaps in longitudinal analysis of sodium-related CKD trends and demographic differences.Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database were analyzed to quantify CKD-related deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) linked to high sodium intake. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) and DALY rates (ASDR), alongside the sociodemographic index (SDI), were used to assess regional and demographic variations. Statistical analyses in R included joinpoint regression to identify temporal inflection points and age-period-cohort (APC) modeling to disentangle age, period, and birth cohort effects. Future projections show that from 2021 to 2040, the global ASMR trend is stabilizing and ASDR is on the rise. Moreover, male ASMR and ASDR have been consistently higher than female ASMR. This gender difference is expected to continue for a long time, with men continuing to bear a greater burden of chronic kidney disease than women.Results: Between 1990 and 2021, global CKD deaths attributed to high sodium intake surged 1.68-fold (26,072 to 69,954), while DALYs increased by 135% (741,197 to 1,705,325). ASMR and ASDR rose markedly in high-income regions (20.73% and 6.77%, respectively), with Latin America and the Caribbean reporting the highest burdens (ASMR: 1.49/100,000; ASDR: 33.21/100,000). Men exhibited consistently higher burdens than women, peaking in the 65–79 age group. Low SDI regions showed declining trends, contrasting with widening inequalities in medium SDI areas.Conclusion: The global CKD burden attributable to high sodium intake has escalated dramatically over three decades, driven by aging populations, dietary shifts, and regional disparities. Urgent, targeted interventions—such as sodium reduction policies, gender-specific health strategies, and enhanced healthcare access—are critical to curbing this trend, particularly in high-risk demographics and high-income regions.

Background: High body mass index (BMI) is a key metabolic risk for liver cancer, yet global assessments of its impact are limited. This study analyzes the liver cancer burden linked to high BMI from 1990 to 2021, using frontier analysis to evaluate prevention efficiency at different SDI levels and providing future predictions of the global burden up to 2040 to guide public health strategies. Method: We analyzed global burden mortality and disability rates using 2021 data, applying age-period-cohort modeling to assess the temporal dynamics of BMI-related liver cancer burden, adjusting for period and cohort effects across 204 countries and 21 regions, stratified by sex, age, and Sociodemographic Index (SDI). The analysis incorporated frontier efficiency estimates to understand the best achievable burden reduction at each SDI level and utilized a Bayesian framework for future trend predictions. Result: From 1990 to 2021, high BMI-related liver cancer deaths reached 46,200.88 worldwide, predominantly affecting men, especially ages 70–74 and 60–64 for DALYs. The disease burden varies nonlinearly with SDI, with regional disparities: Southeastern South America and Central/Eastern Europe face the highest impact, despite higher SDIs in Japan, South Korea, and Singapore, where the burden is comparatively lower. Frontier analysis reveals that countries with higher SDI levels have optimized prevention and control strategies, achieving lower burdens, while lower SDI regions still face significant challenges. The future projections indicate that the global burden of high BMI-related liver cancer will continue to rise by 2040, with rapid increases in male populations, although female predictions show more gradual growth. Conclusion: High BMI contributes to the increasing and unequal global burden of liver cancer, mainly impacting men, seniors, and middle-to-high SDI areas. Urgent, targeted efforts are needed to combat obesity, metabolic issues, and healthcare inequalities to reduce future risks. Future prevention strategies should incorporate continuous monitoring and adaptive responses to dynamic factors influencing liver cancer attributable to high BMI.

Background. MCM3AP antisense RNA 1 (MCM3AP-AS1) is a newly identified potential tumor biomarker. Nevertheless, the prognostic value of MCM3AP-AS1 in cancer has been inconsistent in the available studies. We performed this meta-analysis to identify the prognostic role of MCM3AP-AS1 in various cancers. Methods. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library databases to screen relevant studies. Hazard ratios (HR) or odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to evaluate the relationship between aberrant MCM3AP-AS1 expression and survival and clinicopathological features (CFS) of cancer patients. A meta-analysis was performed using STATA 12.0 software. Additionally, results were validated by an online database based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Subsequently, we analyzed the MCM3AP-AS1-related genes and molecular mechanisms based on the MEM database. Results. Our results showed that overexpression of MCM3AP-AS1 was related to poor overall survival (OS) ( , 95% CI, 1.52–2.64, ) and relapse-free survival (RFS) ( , 95% CI 1.56–6.88, ). In addition, MCM3AP-AS1 overexpression was associated with TNM stage, differentiation grade, and lymph node metastasis, but not significantly with age, gender, and tumor size. In addition, MCM3AP-AS1 overexpression was verified by the GEPIA online database to be associated with poorer survival. The further functional investigation suggested that MCM3AP-AS1 may be involved in several cancer-related pathways. Conclusions. The overexpression of MCM3AP-AS1 was related to poor survival and CFS. MCM3AP-AS1 may be considered a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target in various cancers.

Objectives: Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein VTA1 homolog (VTA1) encodes a factor involved in multivesicular body trafficking. This investigation sought to determine if VTA1 might function as a diagnostic indicator, a standalone prognostic element, and a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer. Methods: We performed a pan-cancer analysis of VTA1 expression using TCGA data from 33 cancer types and assessed immune infiltration with TIMER2.0. Breast cancer data from TCGA and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database were collected to complete the difference analysis, clinical feature correlation, prognosis analysis, enrichment analysis, and tumor microenvironment score analysis of VTA1 in BRCA. The presence of VTA1 in BRCA cells was verified by Reverse Transcription Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR), Western Blot (WB), and Immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: VTA1 expression was markedly elevated in breast cancer. Elevated levels were significantly linked to worse overall survival (OS). (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.791, 95 % CI: 1.206–2.659, p<0.01) and recurrence-free survival (RFS), indicating that VTA1 is an independent prognostic factor. In the tumor immune microenvironment, high VTA1 expression correlated with increased infiltration of myeloid and resting immune cells but decreased effector/activated immune cells, suggesting poor prognosis. Conclusions: VTA1 is a promising prognostic indicator for various cancers, particularly in breast cancer. The expression of VTA1 is markedly elevated in breast cancer tissues relative to the adjacent normal tissues. Clinical analyses further suggest that VTA1 functions as an independent indicator associated with unfavorable outcomes in breast cancer. These findings imply that VTA1 may serve as a promising biomarker for diagnosis, therapeutic guidance, and survival prediction.