Endometriosis, a prevalent disorder in women of reproductive age, is often associated with undesired infertility. Ovarian reserve, an essential measure of ovarian function that is crucial for maintaining fecundity, is frequently diminished in women with endometriosis. Though the causative relationship between endometriosis and reduced ovarian reserve is not fully understood due to the lack of standardized and precise measurements of ovarian reserve, there is ongoing discussion regarding the impact of interventions for endometriosis on ovarian reserve. Therefore, in this review, we investigate articles that have related keywords and which were also published in recent years. Thereafter, we provide a comprehensive summary of evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and human studies, thereby shedding light on the decreased ovarian reserve in endometriosis. This research consolidates evidence from in vitro, in vivo, and human studies on the diminished ovarian reserve associated with endometriosis, as well as enhances our understanding of whether and how endometriosis, as well as its interventions, contribute to reductions in ovarian reserve. Furthermore, we explore potential strategies to modify existing therapy options that could help prevent diminished ovarian reserve in patients with endometriosis.

Canine acanthomatous ameloblastomas (CAA), analogs of human ameloblastoma, are oral tumors of odontogenic origin for which the genetic drivers have remained undefined. By whole-exome sequencing, we have now discovered recurrent HRAS and BRAF activating mutations, respectively, in 63% and 8% of CAA. Notably, cell lines derived from CAA with HRAS mutation exhibit marked sensitivity to MAP kinase (MAPK) pathway inhibitors, which constrain cell proliferation and drive ameloblast differentiation. Our findings newly identify a large-animal spontaneous cancer model to study the progression and treatment of RAS-driven cancer. More broadly, our study highlights the translational potential of canine cancer genome sequencing to benefit both humans and their companion animals.

Conflicting data have been published regarding the oncologic appropriateness of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in the treatment of cervical cancer. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether our experience in the treatment of early cervical cancer using a robotic surgical approach was safe and oncologically effective. The data of 557 patients with cervical cancer treated by robotic surgery were retrospectively collected, including the perioperative and survival outcomes. Tumor stage was based on the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO 2009). The disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Of the 557 patients, 196 (35.2%) patients were stage IA1 to IB1, and 304 (54.6%) patients were stage IB2 to I1A2. Also included were 57 (10.2%) patients with either recurrent or persistent disease following concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Two patients (0.4%) experienced severe intraoperative complications and 11 patients (2.0%) developed postoperative complications. A stratified analysis of survival was conducted in 91 patients who met a follow-up time of 3-year or more. The median follow-up time was 49 (range, 6-57) months. Both the 3-year DFS and OS of early-stage (stage IA1 to IB1) cervical cancer were 97.6%. For patients with locally advanced (stage IB2 to IIA2) disease, DFS and OS were 88.1% and 90.5%, respectively. The patients with recurrent or persistent disease had DFS and OS of 62.5%. Our study results demonstrated that the robotic surgical approach could achieve satisfying therapeutic outcomes in patients with early-stage cervical cancer, with a low complication rate. For advanced cervical cancer patients with recurrent or persistent disease following concurrent chemoradiotherapy, robotic surgery undertaken as supplementary therapy may improve prognosis. However, there remains a need for additional prospective data reporting long-term survival of cervical cancer patients treated with a robotic surgical approach.

子宫内膜异位症（endometriosis, EMT）作为一种常见的妇科良性疾病，是导致女性不孕的重要原因，从多个方面影响女性生育力。线粒体被称为“细胞动力工厂”，在细胞能量代谢、钙稳态、氧化应激、自噬、调控细胞周期及细胞死亡等生理过程中扮演重要角色，参与多种疾病的发生、发展。线粒体具有高度动态性，不断进行着分裂和融合的循环，以满足细胞活动所需，线粒体动力学平衡对正常女性生殖功能十分重要。此外，线粒体还是细胞内活性氧类（reactive oxygen species, ROS）的主要来源，EMT患者体内氧化-抗氧化系统失衡，其介导的细胞损伤、细胞死亡、纤维化等可以导致卵母细胞质量下降、卵巢储备降低。目前，EMT相关不孕的发病机制及其治疗仍是一个具有挑战性和争议性的话题。本文就线粒体功能异常在EMT相关不孕中研究进展及潜在治疗靶点进行综述。