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Nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-damo) catalyzed by Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera (M. oxyfera)-like bacteria is a new pathway for the regulation of methane emissions from paddy fields. Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (e[CO2]) can indirectly affect the structure and function of microbial communities. However, the response of M. oxyfera-like bacteria to e[CO2] is currently unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of e[CO2] (ambient CO2 + 200 ppm) on community composition, abundance, and activity of M. oxyfera-like bacteria at different depths (0–5, 5–10, and 10–20 cm) in paddy fields across multiple rice growth stages (tillering, jointing, and flowering). High-throughput sequencing showed that e[CO2] had no significant effect on the community composition of M. oxyfera-like bacteria. However, quantitative PCR suggested that the 16S rRNA gene abundance of M. oxyfera-like bacteria increased significantly in soil under e[CO2], particularly at the tillering stage. Furthermore, 13CH4 tracer experiments showed potential n-damo activity of 0.31–8.91 nmol CO2 g−1 (dry soil) d−1. E[CO2] significantly stimulated n-damo activity, especially at the jointing and flowering stages. The n-damo activity and abundance of M. oxyfera-like bacteria increased by an average of 90.9% and 50.0%, respectively, under e[CO2]. Correlation analysis showed that the increase in soil dissolved organic carbon content caused by e[CO2] had significant effects on the activity and abundance of M. oxyfera-like bacteria. Overall, this study provides the first evidence for a positive response of M. oxyfera-like bacteria to e[CO2], which may help reduce methane emissions from paddy fields under future climate change conditions.
Mao-Hui Tian; Li-Dong Shen; Xin Liu; Ya-Nan Bai; Zheng-Hua Hu; Jing-Hao Jin; Yan-Fang Feng; Yang Liu; Wang-Ting Yang; Yu-Ling Yang; Jia-Qi Liu. Response of nitrite-dependent anaerobic methanotrophs to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration in paddy fields. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 801, 149785 .
AMA StyleMao-Hui Tian, Li-Dong Shen, Xin Liu, Ya-Nan Bai, Zheng-Hua Hu, Jing-Hao Jin, Yan-Fang Feng, Yang Liu, Wang-Ting Yang, Yu-Ling Yang, Jia-Qi Liu. Response of nitrite-dependent anaerobic methanotrophs to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration in paddy fields. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 801 ():149785.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMao-Hui Tian; Li-Dong Shen; Xin Liu; Ya-Nan Bai; Zheng-Hua Hu; Jing-Hao Jin; Yan-Fang Feng; Yang Liu; Wang-Ting Yang; Yu-Ling Yang; Jia-Qi Liu. 2021. "Response of nitrite-dependent anaerobic methanotrophs to elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration in paddy fields." Science of The Total Environment 801, no. : 149785.
Agricultural drought risk analysis is useful for reducing probable drought risk in the background of global warming. This study aims to identify spatiotemporal characteristics of drought and drought disaster risk in the summer maize growth period under climate change condition. In this research, we use daily datasets from 79 meteorological stations and the maize yield data in the Huang-Huai-Hai (HHH) plain, eastern China during the period 1960–2015. The drought disaster risk index (DDRI) model was applied to assess the drought disaster risk. The maize drought disaster risk maps were drawn under current and future climate change conditions. The results showed that the high DDRI was distributed in northern region and low DDRI was distributed in most of southern region in the HHH plain. During the summer maize growth period, the DDRI decreased gradually from the northern to southern region. The results also exhibited that under the RCP4.5 (Representative Concentration Pathway 4.5) scenario, about one half of the HHH plain belonged to the slight and sub-slight DDRI region in the future 80 years. Overall, our results demonstrated that the DDRI model provided an accurate assessment in both spatial and temporal scales and had a theoretical guidance for improving the adaptation of crop production. Elevating maize drought risk management helps to lessen the anticipated risk to crop production in the HHH plain under the context of climate change.
Zhenghua Hu; Zhurong Wu; Yixuan Zhang; Qi Li; A. R. M. Towfiqul Islam; Congcong Pan. Risk assessment of drought disaster in summer maize cultivated areas of the Huang-Huai-Hai plain, eastern China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 2021, 193, 1 -15.
AMA StyleZhenghua Hu, Zhurong Wu, Yixuan Zhang, Qi Li, A. R. M. Towfiqul Islam, Congcong Pan. Risk assessment of drought disaster in summer maize cultivated areas of the Huang-Huai-Hai plain, eastern China. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 2021; 193 (7):1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhenghua Hu; Zhurong Wu; Yixuan Zhang; Qi Li; A. R. M. Towfiqul Islam; Congcong Pan. 2021. "Risk assessment of drought disaster in summer maize cultivated areas of the Huang-Huai-Hai plain, eastern China." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 193, no. 7: 1-15.
Leaf area index is a vital biological parameter, which is widely used to monitor plant growth, evaluate health status, and predict yield. Remote sensing techniques are known to be nondestructive and effective methods for estimating leaf area index of plants, but little attention has been paid to predicting leaf area index under carbon dioxide enrichment. Field experiments were conducted to estimate the rice leaf area index under elevated carbon dioxide using hyperspectral remote sensing. The results showed that various spectral parameters, including the first derivative reflectance at 467 nm, the yellow edge amplitude, the normalized value of the green peak and red valley reflectance, the ratio of red edge and blue edge area, and the normalized value of the red edge and blue edge area, have a significantly correlated with the leaf area index. Further comparing the results of models, the normalized value of the green peak and red valley reflectance exhibited the optimal performance for estimating leaf area index. The best-fitted inversion model was y=6.89x0.46 with the coefficient of determination was 0.75 and root mean square error was 0.31. This finding is helpful in providing guidance for monitoring rice leaf area index under carbon dioxide enrichment.
Chao Liu; Zhenghua Hu; Rui Kong; Lingfei Yu; Yuanyuan Wang; Shutao Chen; Xuesong Zhang. Hyperspectral characteristics and leaf area index monitoring of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under carbon dioxide concentration enrichment. Spectroscopy Letters 2021, 54, 231 -243.
AMA StyleChao Liu, Zhenghua Hu, Rui Kong, Lingfei Yu, Yuanyuan Wang, Shutao Chen, Xuesong Zhang. Hyperspectral characteristics and leaf area index monitoring of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under carbon dioxide concentration enrichment. Spectroscopy Letters. 2021; 54 (3):231-243.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChao Liu; Zhenghua Hu; Rui Kong; Lingfei Yu; Yuanyuan Wang; Shutao Chen; Xuesong Zhang. 2021. "Hyperspectral characteristics and leaf area index monitoring of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under carbon dioxide concentration enrichment." Spectroscopy Letters 54, no. 3: 231-243.
Understanding the process of methanogenesis in paddy fields under the scenarios of future climate change is of great significance for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and regulating the soil carbon cycle. Methyl Coenzyme M Reductase subunit A (mcrA) of methanogens is a rate-limiting enzyme that catalyzes the final step of CH4 production. However, the mechanism of methanogenesis change in the paddy fields under different elevated CO2 concentrations (e[CO2]) is rarely explored in earlier studies. In this research, we explored how the methanogens affect CH4 flux in paddy fields under various (e[CO2]). CH4 flux and CH4 production potential (MPP), and mcrA gene abundance were quantitatively analyzed under C (ambient CO2 concentration), C1 (C + 160 ppm CO2), and C2 (C + 200 ppm CO2) treatments. Additionally, the community composition and structure of methanogens were also compared with Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The results showed that C2 treatment significantly increased CH4 flux and MPP at the tillering stage. E[CO2] had a positive effect on the abundance of methanogens, but the effect was insignificant. We detected four known dominant orders of methanogenesis in this study, such as Methanosarcinales, Methanobacteriales, Methanocellales, and Methanomicrobiales. Although e[CO2] did not significantly change the overall community structure and diversity of methanogens, C2 treatment significantly reduced the relative abundance of two uncultured genera compared to C treatment. A linear regression model of DOC, methanogenic abundance, and MPP can explain 67.2% of the variation of CH4 flux under e[CO2]. Overall, our results demonstrated that CH4 flux in paddy fields under e[CO2] was mainly controlled by soil unstable C substrate and the abundance and activity of methanogens in rhizosphere soil.
Yuanyuan Wang; Zhenghua Hu; Lidong Shen; Chao Liu; A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam; Zhurong Wu; Huihui Dang; Shutao Chen. The process of methanogenesis in paddy fields under different elevated CO2 concentrations. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 773, 145629 .
AMA StyleYuanyuan Wang, Zhenghua Hu, Lidong Shen, Chao Liu, A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam, Zhurong Wu, Huihui Dang, Shutao Chen. The process of methanogenesis in paddy fields under different elevated CO2 concentrations. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 773 ():145629.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuanyuan Wang; Zhenghua Hu; Lidong Shen; Chao Liu; A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam; Zhurong Wu; Huihui Dang; Shutao Chen. 2021. "The process of methanogenesis in paddy fields under different elevated CO2 concentrations." Science of The Total Environment 773, no. : 145629.
Freshwaters are receiving growing concerns on atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) budget; however, little is known about the anthropogenic sources of CO2 and CH4 from river network in agricultural-dominated watersheds. Here, we chose such a typical watershed and measured surface dissolved CO2 and CH4 concentrations over 2 years (2015–2017) in Jurong Reservoir watershed for different freshwater types (river network, ponds, reservoir, and ditches), which located in Eastern China and were impacted by agriculture with high fertilizer N application. Results showed that significantly higher gas concentrations occurred in river network (CO2: 112 ± 36 μmol L−1; CH4: 509 ± 341 nmol L−1) with high nutrient concentrations. Dissolved CO2 and CH4 concentrations were supersaturated in all of the freshwater types with peak saturation ratios generally occurring in river network. Temporal variations in the gas saturations were positively correlated with water temperature. The saturations of CO2 and CH4 were positively correlated with each other in river network, and both of these saturations were also positively correlated with nutrient loadings, and negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen concentration. The highly agricultural river network acted as significant CO2 and CH4 sources with estimated emission fluxes of 409 ± 369 mmol m−2 d−1 for CO2 and 1.6 ± 1.2 mmol m−2 d−1 for CH4, and made a disproportionately large, relative to the area, contribution to the total aquatic carbon emission of the watershed. Our results suggested the aquatic carbon emissions accounted for 6% of the watershed carbon budget, and fertilizer N and watersheds land use played a large role in the aquatic carbon emission.
Qitao Xiao; Zhenghua Hu; Cheng Hu; A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam; Hang Bian; Shutao Chen; Chao Liu; Xuhui Lee. A highly agricultural river network in Jurong Reservoir watershed as significant CO2 and CH4 sources. Science of The Total Environment 2021, 769, 144558 .
AMA StyleQitao Xiao, Zhenghua Hu, Cheng Hu, A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam, Hang Bian, Shutao Chen, Chao Liu, Xuhui Lee. A highly agricultural river network in Jurong Reservoir watershed as significant CO2 and CH4 sources. Science of The Total Environment. 2021; 769 ():144558.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQitao Xiao; Zhenghua Hu; Cheng Hu; A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam; Hang Bian; Shutao Chen; Chao Liu; Xuhui Lee. 2021. "A highly agricultural river network in Jurong Reservoir watershed as significant CO2 and CH4 sources." Science of The Total Environment 769, no. : 144558.
Agricultural drought (AGD) is one of the most impactful natural disasters for rain-fed agricultural regions worldwide, including those in China. Spatiotemporal characteristics of the winter wheat drought season on the Huang-Huai-Hai (HHH) Plain, China, were studied by employing the Penman-Monteith (P-M) equation and a crop coefficient model based on daily meteorological datasets from 57 stations from 1980 to 2011. The crop water deficit index (CWDI) was employed as an index of AGD appraisal to depict the spatiotemporal changes in drought during the winter wheat growth stages in the HHH Plain, China. Besides, this study also intends to develop a drought disaster risk index (DDRI) of winter wheat for various growth stages based on risk formation theory. The spatial distribution patterns indicated higher CWDI values in the northern and middle parts of the HHH Plain and lower in the southern region throughout the wheat growth stages. Of the winter wheat growth stages on the northern HHH Plain, the drought frequency was the highest during the heading-mature stage, when it reached up to 80–100%. The high drought hazard was obvious during the heading-mature growth stage, with a more severe high drought hazard in the northern region of the HHH Plain than in the southern region. Spatially, the high DDRI values were distributed in the northern and central regions of the HHH Plain. The outcomes suggest that the DDRI model provides accurate spatiotemporal appraisals in both temporal and spatial scales, and these findings are important for enhancing the adaptability and mitigation ability of AGD risk on the HHH Plain.
Zhenghua Hu; Zhurong Wu; A. R. M. Towfiqul Islam; Xinyuan You; Chao Liu; Qi Li; Xuesong Zhang. Spatiotemporal characteristics and risk assessment of agricultural drought disasters during the winter wheat-growing season on the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, China. Theoretical and Applied Climatology 2021, 143, 1393 -1407.
AMA StyleZhenghua Hu, Zhurong Wu, A. R. M. Towfiqul Islam, Xinyuan You, Chao Liu, Qi Li, Xuesong Zhang. Spatiotemporal characteristics and risk assessment of agricultural drought disasters during the winter wheat-growing season on the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, China. Theoretical and Applied Climatology. 2021; 143 (3-4):1393-1407.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhenghua Hu; Zhurong Wu; A. R. M. Towfiqul Islam; Xinyuan You; Chao Liu; Qi Li; Xuesong Zhang. 2021. "Spatiotemporal characteristics and risk assessment of agricultural drought disasters during the winter wheat-growing season on the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain, China." Theoretical and Applied Climatology 143, no. 3-4: 1393-1407.
As carbon dioxide (CO2) is required for plants photosynthesis, elevated CO2 (eCO2) concentrations have potential impacts on plant growth and development. The leaf area index (LAI) and soil and plant analysis development (SPAD), which are often used for characterize the chlorophyll content of plants, are important parameters for characterizing plant growth. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different eCO2 concentrations on winter wheat growth and select sensitive spectral parameters to establish LAI and SPAD estimation models. A field experiment in which winter wheat was exposed to different eCO2 concentrations was performed using open-top chambers (OTCs) during the winter wheat growing season from 2017 to 2018. The experimental treatments consisted of exposure to the ambient CO2 concentration (CK), 80 μmol mol–1 CO2 above CK (T 1), and 200 μmol mol–1 CO2 above CK (T 2). The canopy spectral reflectance, LAI, and SPAD were measured during the main growth stages of the winter wheat. The results showed that no significant differences in LAI and SPAD were found under different treatments. Different eCO2 concentrations did not change the reflectance curves, solely affecting the reflectance. Elevated CO2 conditions induced the red edge parameters red shift first and then blue shift. The first derivative reflectance at 755 nm (R’ 755), red edge position (λ Red), ratio of the red edge area to the blue edge area (SDRed/SDBlue), and normalized value of the red edge area and blue edge area ((SDRed – SDBlue)/(SDRed + SDBlue)) were highly correlated with the LAI. The first derivative reflectance at 764 nm (R’ 764), SDRed/SDBlue, ratio of the red edge area to the yellow edge area (SDRed/SDYellow), (SDRed – SDBlue)/(SDRed + SDBlue), and normalized value of the red edge area and yellow edge area ((SDRed – SDYellow)/(SDRed + SDYellow)) were significantly correlated with the SPAD. The optimal regression model for the LAI was y = 0.49x 0.74, simulated by SDRed/SDBlue; that for the SPAD was y = – 0.035x 2–1.96x + 25.83, simulated by SDRed/SDYellow. The coefficient of determination (R 2) values were 0.49 and 0.61, respectively, and the root mean square error (RMSE) values were 0.38 and 1.51, respectively. Overall, our results indicate that inversion models based on SDRed/SDBlue and SDRed/SDYellow can be used to estimate the LAI and SPAD values under eCO2 concentration conditions during the winter wheat growth period.
Chao Liu; Zhenghua Hu; A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam; Rui Kong; Lingfei Yu; Yuanyuan Wang; Shutao Chen; Xuesong Zhang. Hyperspectral characteristics and inversion model estimation of winter wheat under different elevated CO2 concentrations. International Journal of Remote Sensing 2020, 42, 1035 -1053.
AMA StyleChao Liu, Zhenghua Hu, A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam, Rui Kong, Lingfei Yu, Yuanyuan Wang, Shutao Chen, Xuesong Zhang. Hyperspectral characteristics and inversion model estimation of winter wheat under different elevated CO2 concentrations. International Journal of Remote Sensing. 2020; 42 (3):1035-1053.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChao Liu; Zhenghua Hu; A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam; Rui Kong; Lingfei Yu; Yuanyuan Wang; Shutao Chen; Xuesong Zhang. 2020. "Hyperspectral characteristics and inversion model estimation of winter wheat under different elevated CO2 concentrations." International Journal of Remote Sensing 42, no. 3: 1035-1053.
Climate warming is anticipated to change the terrestrial carbon/nitrogen cycle through its impact on the fluxes of greenhouse gases such as CO2 and N2O. This study investigated the effect of diurnal warming and acid rain on CO2 and N2O emissions from soil-plant systems in a winter wheat–soybean rotation cropland. Field rotational experiments of winter wheat and soybean were conducted by simulating diurnal warming and acid rain. Manipulated experiments included the control (CK), diurnal warming (T, + 2 °C), acid rain (AR, pH = 2.5), and the combined treatment (TAR, + 2 °C and acid rain). CO2 and N2O fluxes from soil-plant systems were measured using a static chamber-gas technique. The results showed that in the winter wheat and soybean growing seasons, compared with CK treatment, T, AR, and TAR treatments did not change the accumulative amount of CO2 emission (AAC) across the full growth period (p ˃ 0.05), although T treatment significantly increased soil AAC (p < 0.05) at the grain filling-maturity stage. On the contrary, T and AR treatments significantly increased the accumulative amount of N2O emission (AAN) in winter wheat and soybean croplands (p < 0.05), which was attributed to leaf nitrate reductase activity, total biomass, and soil NO3−–N content. In addition, there was a significant interaction between warming and acid rain on N2O flux. The AAN from the winter wheat cropland under treatments was in the order: TAR ˃ AR ˃ T ˃ CK. Our findings suggest that diurnal warming and acid rain had no significant effect on CO2 emissions from soil-plant systems, but significantly increase N2O emissions in winter wheat and soybean growing seasons. Moreover, diurnal warming would strengthen the positive effect of acid rain on N2O emissions from soil-plant systems in winter wheat farmland.
Yuanyuan Wang; Zhenghua Hu; Chao Liu; A. R. M. Towfiqul Islam; Shutao Chen; Xuesong Zhang; Yinping Zhou. Responses of CO2 and N2O emissions from soil-plant systems to simulated warming and acid rain in cropland. Journal of Soils and Sediments 2020, 21, 1109 -1126.
AMA StyleYuanyuan Wang, Zhenghua Hu, Chao Liu, A. R. M. Towfiqul Islam, Shutao Chen, Xuesong Zhang, Yinping Zhou. Responses of CO2 and N2O emissions from soil-plant systems to simulated warming and acid rain in cropland. Journal of Soils and Sediments. 2020; 21 (2):1109-1126.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuanyuan Wang; Zhenghua Hu; Chao Liu; A. R. M. Towfiqul Islam; Shutao Chen; Xuesong Zhang; Yinping Zhou. 2020. "Responses of CO2 and N2O emissions from soil-plant systems to simulated warming and acid rain in cropland." Journal of Soils and Sediments 21, no. 2: 1109-1126.
Non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) play an important role in yield formation. In this paper, the relationships of NSC accumulation and translocation with yield formation were investigated under elevated CO2 concentrations ([CO2]) and nitrogen (N) application rates. A japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivar, “Nanjing 9108,” was grown at three [CO2]—Ambient (T0), ambient + 160 μmol·mol−1 (T1), and ambient + 200 μmol·mol−1 (T2)—in open-top chambers (OTC), with three levels of N fertilizer application rates—10 gN·m−2 (N1), 20 gN·m−2 (N2), and 30 gN·m−2 (N3)—Which were set in OTCs using pot experiments. The results showed that the concentration of NSC (CNSC) and the total mass of NSC stored in stems (TMNSC) under T1 and T2 were higher than those in the T0 treatment, and the CNSC and TMNSC of N3 were lower than those of N1 and N2 at the heading stage. The CNSC and the TMNSC were significantly positively correlated with the stem biomass during the growth period and were notably negatively correlated with the N content in leaves (Nleaf) at the heading and filling stages. The seed setting rate was significantly positively related to the apparent transferred mass of NSC from stems to grains (ATMNSC) at the filling stage, while the relationship between yield and the ATMNSC was not statistically significant. Although there was no difference in the apparent contribution of transferred NSC to grain yield (ACNSC) between treatments, NSC stored in stems further accumulated obviously during the late filling stage, implying that the grain yield of “Nanjing 9108” was predominantly sink-limited. We concluded that elevated [CO2] improved the concentration of NSC at the rice heading stage. The interaction between elevated [CO2] and N fertilizer rates significantly influenced the concentration of NSC at the filling stage. Rice stems NSC reaccumulated at the late grain filling stage, which implies a restriction on NSC transference to grain.
Peipei Cao; Wenjuan Sun; Yao Huang; Jingrui Yang; Kai Yang; Chunhua Lv; Yijie Wang; Lingfei Yu; Zhenghua Hu. Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentration and Nitrogen Application Levels on the Accumulation and Translocation of Non-Structural Carbohydrates in Japonica Rice. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5386 .
AMA StylePeipei Cao, Wenjuan Sun, Yao Huang, Jingrui Yang, Kai Yang, Chunhua Lv, Yijie Wang, Lingfei Yu, Zhenghua Hu. Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentration and Nitrogen Application Levels on the Accumulation and Translocation of Non-Structural Carbohydrates in Japonica Rice. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (13):5386.
Chicago/Turabian StylePeipei Cao; Wenjuan Sun; Yao Huang; Jingrui Yang; Kai Yang; Chunhua Lv; Yijie Wang; Lingfei Yu; Zhenghua Hu. 2020. "Effects of Elevated CO2 Concentration and Nitrogen Application Levels on the Accumulation and Translocation of Non-Structural Carbohydrates in Japonica Rice." Sustainability 12, no. 13: 5386.
The effects of warming and elevated ozone (O3) concentrations on nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from cropland has received increasing attention; however, the small number of studies on this topic impedes understanding. A field experiment was performed to explore the role of warming and elevated O3 concentrations on N2O emission from wheat-soybean rotation cropland from 2012 to 2013 using open-top chambers (OTCs). Experimental treatments included ambient temperature (control), elevated temperature (+2 °C), elevated O3 (100 ppb), and combined elevated temperature (+2 °C) and O3 (100 ppb). Results demonstrate that warming significantly increased the accumulative amount of N2O (AAN) emitted from the soil-winter wheat system due to enhanced nitrification rates in the wheat farmland and nitrate reductase activity in wheat leaves. However, elevated O3 concentrations significantly decreased AAN emission from the soil-soybean system owing to reduced nitrification rates in the soybean farmland. The combined treatment of warming and elevated O3 inhibited the emission of N2O from the soybean farmland. Additionally, both the warming and combined treatments significantly increased soil nitrification rates in winter wheat and soybean croplands and decreased denitrification rates in the winter wheat cropping system. Our results suggest that global warming and elevated O3 concentrations will strongly affect N2O emission from wheat-soybean rotation croplands.
Yuanyuan Wang; Zhenghua Hu; Dongyao Shang; Ying Xue; A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam; Shutao Chen. Effects of warming and elevated O3 concentrations on N2O emission and soil nitrification and denitrification rates in a wheat-soybean rotation cropland. Environmental Pollution 2019, 257, 113556 .
AMA StyleYuanyuan Wang, Zhenghua Hu, Dongyao Shang, Ying Xue, A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam, Shutao Chen. Effects of warming and elevated O3 concentrations on N2O emission and soil nitrification and denitrification rates in a wheat-soybean rotation cropland. Environmental Pollution. 2019; 257 ():113556.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuanyuan Wang; Zhenghua Hu; Dongyao Shang; Ying Xue; A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam; Shutao Chen. 2019. "Effects of warming and elevated O3 concentrations on N2O emission and soil nitrification and denitrification rates in a wheat-soybean rotation cropland." Environmental Pollution 257, no. : 113556.
In this study, the impact of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) on the China winter temperature (CWT) was assessed on an interdecadal timescale, and the capacities of the 35 models of the fifth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) were assessed by simulating the PDO-CWT teleconnection. The Met Office Hadley Centre’s sea ice and sea surface temperature (HadISST) were used as the observational data, and Climatic Research Unit (CRU) datasets provided long-term temperature data for the 1901–2005 period. By calculating the spatial correlation coefficient between the PDO index and winter temperature in China, thirteen CMIP5 models close to the HadISST datasets were selected for this study. These models were averaged as the good multi-model ensemble (GOODMME), and the PDO-CWT spatial correlation between the GOODMME and the observations was 0.80. Overall, the correlation coefficient between the PDO index and atmospheric circulation suggests that the GOODMME produces the same excellent results as do the observations. The results also verify the GOODMME’s superiority in simulating the impact of the PDO on winter temperatures in China. The possible mechanisms underlying the impact of the different phases of the PDO on the CWT are also described.
Yifei Xu; Te Li; Shuanghe Shen; Zhenghua Hu. Assessment of CMIP5 Models Based on the Interdecadal Relationship between the PDO and Winter Temperature in China. Atmosphere 2019, 10, 597 .
AMA StyleYifei Xu, Te Li, Shuanghe Shen, Zhenghua Hu. Assessment of CMIP5 Models Based on the Interdecadal Relationship between the PDO and Winter Temperature in China. Atmosphere. 2019; 10 (10):597.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYifei Xu; Te Li; Shuanghe Shen; Zhenghua Hu. 2019. "Assessment of CMIP5 Models Based on the Interdecadal Relationship between the PDO and Winter Temperature in China." Atmosphere 10, no. 10: 597.
Agriculture is one of major emission sources of nitrous oxide (N2O), an important greenhouse gas dominating stratospheric ozone destruction. However, indirect N2O emissions from agriculture watershed water surfaces are poorly understood. Here, surface-dissolved N2O concentration in water bodies of the agricultural watershed in Eastern China, one of the most intensive agricultural regions, was measured over a two-year period. Results showed that the dissolved N2O concentrations varied in samples taken from different water types, and the annual mean N2O concentrations for rivers, ponds, reservoir, and ditches were 30 ± 18, 19 ± 7, 16 ± 5 and 58 ± 69 nmol L-1, respectively. The N2O concentrations can be best predicted by the NO3--N concentrations in rivers and by the NH4+-N concentrations in ponds. Heavy precipitation induced hot moments of riverine N2O emissions were observed during farming season. Upstream waters are hot spots, in which the N2O production rates were two times greater than in non-hotspot locations. The modeled watershed indirect N2O emission rates were comparable to direct emission from fertilized soil. A rough estimate suggests that indirect N2O emissions yield approximately 4% of the total N2O emissions yield from N-fertilizer at the watershed scale. Separate emission factors (EF) established for rivers, ponds, and reservoir were 0.0013, 0.0020, and 0.0012, respectively, indicating that the IPCC (Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change) default value of 0.0025 may overestimate the indirect N2O emission from surface water in eastern China. EF was inversely correlated with N loading, highlighting the potential constraints in the IPCC methodology for water with a high anthropogenic N input.
Qitao Xiao; Zhenghua Hu; Congsheng Fu; Hang Bian; Xuhui Lee; Shutao Chen; Dongyao Shang. Surface nitrous oxide concentrations and fluxes from water bodies of the agricultural watershed in Eastern China. Environmental Pollution 2019, 251, 185 -192.
AMA StyleQitao Xiao, Zhenghua Hu, Congsheng Fu, Hang Bian, Xuhui Lee, Shutao Chen, Dongyao Shang. Surface nitrous oxide concentrations and fluxes from water bodies of the agricultural watershed in Eastern China. Environmental Pollution. 2019; 251 ():185-192.
Chicago/Turabian StyleQitao Xiao; Zhenghua Hu; Congsheng Fu; Hang Bian; Xuhui Lee; Shutao Chen; Dongyao Shang. 2019. "Surface nitrous oxide concentrations and fluxes from water bodies of the agricultural watershed in Eastern China." Environmental Pollution 251, no. : 185-192.
A deeper understanding of the effects of experimental warming and elevated ozone (O3) concentration on carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes is imperative for reducing potential CO2 emissions in agroecosystems, but are less understood particularly in rotational wheat (Triticum aestivum)-soybean (Glycine max) croplands. In order to understand such effects on CO2 fluxes from winter wheat-soybean rotation, a field experiment was conducted by using the open-top chamber (OTCs) during the growing seasons of 2012 and 2013 at an agro-ecological station in southeast China. The experimental treatments included the control (CK), experimental warming (T, crop canopy temperature increased by ~2 °C), elevated O3 concentration (O, O3 concentration about 100 ppb) along with temperature enhancement (OT, elevated ~2 °C temperature plus 100 ppb O3). The results showed that warming significantly increased the mean CO2 fluxes (MCF) and the cumulative amount of CO2 (CAC) from soil and soil-crop systems, while elevated O3 and warming enhancement (OT) significantly reduced MCF and CAC. Besides, warming significantly reduced the biomass of winter-wheat, but it insignificantly decreased the biomass of soybean in the harvest period. The O and OT treatments significantly reduced the biomass of winter-wheat and soybean cropping systems in the harvest time. Both warming and elevated O3 concentration decreased the temperature sensitivity coefficients (Q10) in soil respiration during the experimental period. Overall, our results indicate that elevated O3 concentration compensates the effect of warming on CO2 emission to some extents, which has a positive feedback impact on the climate system.
Yuanyuan Wang; Zhenghua Hu; A. R. M. Towfiqul Islam; Shutao Chen; Dongyao Shang; Ying Xue. Effect of Warming and Elevated O3 Concentration on CO2 Emissions in a Wheat-Soybean Rotation Cropland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2019, 16, 1755 .
AMA StyleYuanyuan Wang, Zhenghua Hu, A. R. M. Towfiqul Islam, Shutao Chen, Dongyao Shang, Ying Xue. Effect of Warming and Elevated O3 Concentration on CO2 Emissions in a Wheat-Soybean Rotation Cropland. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2019; 16 (10):1755.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYuanyuan Wang; Zhenghua Hu; A. R. M. Towfiqul Islam; Shutao Chen; Dongyao Shang; Ying Xue. 2019. "Effect of Warming and Elevated O3 Concentration on CO2 Emissions in a Wheat-Soybean Rotation Cropland." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 10: 1755.
Climate changes have significant impacts on crop yield, and also on crop quality related to food safety and human health. This study investigated the influences of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) enrichment on cereal metal accumulation in soil-crop system. Field rotation experiments of rice (Oryza sativa) and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were conducted by simulating elevated CO2 concentrations (e[CO2]) in 12 open-top chambers (OTCs). The treatments included the ambient [CO2] (CK), 80 ppm (T1) and 200 ppm (T2) above ambient condition, respectively. Different parts of above-ground plant samples were analyzed for metal concentrations (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn; Ca, Mg) at the key growth stages, assisted with analyses of soil pH, metal bioavailability, and transfer factors (TFs). The result patterns were opposite for rice and wheat. After the increased transport from rhizospheric soil solution due to the metal mobilization by declined pH, most metals increased their distributions in rice grain, husk, and stem than leaf. While for winter wheat, though soil metal bioavailability was also increased, their distributions in grain, husk, and stem were decreased owing to possible carbohydrate dilution effect or cation competition, except some macro metals distributed more in leaf. Since results of metals and crops are not always consistent among various reports, the mechanisms of essential/toxic metal transport in soil-crop system affected by climate change and its impacts on human health deserve further studies.
Xiao-San Luo; Dan Zhang; Zhenghua Hu; Chao Liu; Zhen Zhao; Wenjuan Sun; Xiaokun Fang; Peipei Fan. Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on metal transport in soil-crop system: results from a field rice and wheat experiment. Journal of Soils and Sediments 2019, 19, 3742 -3748.
AMA StyleXiao-San Luo, Dan Zhang, Zhenghua Hu, Chao Liu, Zhen Zhao, Wenjuan Sun, Xiaokun Fang, Peipei Fan. Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on metal transport in soil-crop system: results from a field rice and wheat experiment. Journal of Soils and Sediments. 2019; 19 (11):3742-3748.
Chicago/Turabian StyleXiao-San Luo; Dan Zhang; Zhenghua Hu; Chao Liu; Zhen Zhao; Wenjuan Sun; Xiaokun Fang; Peipei Fan. 2019. "Effects of elevated carbon dioxide on metal transport in soil-crop system: results from a field rice and wheat experiment." Journal of Soils and Sediments 19, no. 11: 3742-3748.
The effects of experimental warming and reduced precipitation on soil respiration (SR) and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes have been of increasing concern but are poorly understood, particularly in agroecosystems. A plot experiment was conducted in a winter wheat–soybean cropping system over the 2014–2016 growing seasons in southeast China. A full two factorial design was used that included treatments with crop canopy temperature increased by ~2 °C (T), 30% reduction in precipitation (P), the combined soil warming and precipitation reduction (TP), and the control under ambient conditions (C). Seasonal patterns of SR and N2O fluxes did not significantly differ among the treatments. Over the 2014–2016 period, soil warming significantly increased SR rates and N2O emissions. Compared with the control, the reduced precipitation treatment significantly decreased SR rates, but its effects on N2O fluxes were not pronounced. There was no interactive effect of warming and reduced precipitation on SR rates and N2O fluxes. Overall, our results suggest that climate warming would lead to more soil CO2 and N2O emissions, potential but poorly understood changes in precipitation may thus control soil greenhouse gas emissions in a warming world.
Zhenghua Hu; A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam; Shutao Chen; Bingbing Hu; Shuanghe Shen; Yangzhou Wu; Yaping Wang. Effects of warming and reduced precipitation on soil respiration and N2O fluxes from winter wheat-soybean cropping systems. Geoderma 2018, 337, 956 -964.
AMA StyleZhenghua Hu, A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam, Shutao Chen, Bingbing Hu, Shuanghe Shen, Yangzhou Wu, Yaping Wang. Effects of warming and reduced precipitation on soil respiration and N2O fluxes from winter wheat-soybean cropping systems. Geoderma. 2018; 337 ():956-964.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhenghua Hu; A.R.M. Towfiqul Islam; Shutao Chen; Bingbing Hu; Shuanghe Shen; Yangzhou Wu; Yaping Wang. 2018. "Effects of warming and reduced precipitation on soil respiration and N2O fluxes from winter wheat-soybean cropping systems." Geoderma 337, no. : 956-964.
Yan Xie; Xi Chen; Zheng-Hua Hu; Shu-Tao Chen; Han Zhang; Hui Ling; Shuang-He Shen. [Effects of Short-time Conservation Tillage Managements on Greenhouse Gases Emissions from Soybean-Winter Wheat Rotation System]. Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue 2016, 37, 1 .
AMA StyleYan Xie, Xi Chen, Zheng-Hua Hu, Shu-Tao Chen, Han Zhang, Hui Ling, Shuang-He Shen. [Effects of Short-time Conservation Tillage Managements on Greenhouse Gases Emissions from Soybean-Winter Wheat Rotation System]. Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue. 2016; 37 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYan Xie; Xi Chen; Zheng-Hua Hu; Shu-Tao Chen; Han Zhang; Hui Ling; Shuang-He Shen. 2016. "[Effects of Short-time Conservation Tillage Managements on Greenhouse Gases Emissions from Soybean-Winter Wheat Rotation System]." Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue 37, no. 4: 1.
Shu-Tao Chen; Lin Sang; Xu Zhang; Zheng-Hua Hu. [Effects of Warming and Straw Application on Soil Respiration and Enzyme Activity in a Winter Wheat Cropland]. Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue 2016, 37, 1 .
AMA StyleShu-Tao Chen, Lin Sang, Xu Zhang, Zheng-Hua Hu. [Effects of Warming and Straw Application on Soil Respiration and Enzyme Activity in a Winter Wheat Cropland]. Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue. 2016; 37 (2):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleShu-Tao Chen; Lin Sang; Xu Zhang; Zheng-Hua Hu. 2016. "[Effects of Warming and Straw Application on Soil Respiration and Enzyme Activity in a Winter Wheat Cropland]." Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue 37, no. 2: 1.
Yang-Zhou Wu; Jian Chen; Zheng-Hua Hu; Yan Xie; Shu-Tao Chen; Xue-Song Zhang; Shuang-He Shen; Xi Chen. [Effects of Reduced Water and Diurnal Warming on Winter-Wheat Biomass and Soil Respiration]. Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue 2016, 37, 1 .
AMA StyleYang-Zhou Wu, Jian Chen, Zheng-Hua Hu, Yan Xie, Shu-Tao Chen, Xue-Song Zhang, Shuang-He Shen, Xi Chen. [Effects of Reduced Water and Diurnal Warming on Winter-Wheat Biomass and Soil Respiration]. Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue. 2016; 37 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleYang-Zhou Wu; Jian Chen; Zheng-Hua Hu; Yan Xie; Shu-Tao Chen; Xue-Song Zhang; Shuang-He Shen; Xi Chen. 2016. "[Effects of Reduced Water and Diurnal Warming on Winter-Wheat Biomass and Soil Respiration]." Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue 37, no. 1: 1.
Jing Wu; Shu-Tao Chen; Zheng-Hua Hu; Xu Zhang. [Soil Microbial Respiration Under Different Soil Temperature Conditions and Its Relationship to Soil Dissolved Organic Carbon and Invertase]. Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue 2015, 36, 1 .
AMA StyleJing Wu, Shu-Tao Chen, Zheng-Hua Hu, Xu Zhang. [Soil Microbial Respiration Under Different Soil Temperature Conditions and Its Relationship to Soil Dissolved Organic Carbon and Invertase]. Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue. 2015; 36 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJing Wu; Shu-Tao Chen; Zheng-Hua Hu; Xu Zhang. 2015. "[Soil Microbial Respiration Under Different Soil Temperature Conditions and Its Relationship to Soil Dissolved Organic Carbon and Invertase]." Huan jing ke xue= Huanjing kexue 36, no. 4: 1.
With continuous measurements of dissolved oxygen, temperature, irradiance, and wind speed, as well as frequent measurements of pH, oxidation-reduction potential, and algal chlorophyll, temporal dynamics and drivers of ecosystem metabolism in a large nutrient-rich shallow lake (Lake Taihu) are tested in this study. The results show that the dissolved oxygen concentrations in the lake fluctuate annually. They increase in autumn and winter with a peak value of 14.19 mg·L−1 in winter, and decrease in spring and summer with a trough value of 6.40 mg·L−1 in summer. Gross primary production (GPP), ecosystem respiration (R), and net ecosystem production (NEP) increase in summer, with their peak values in late summer and autumn, and decrease in winter and spring. Mean values of GPP, R and NEP are 1.75 ± 0.06 (Mean ± SE), 1.52 ± 0.05, and 0.23 ± 0.03 g O2 m−3·d−1, respectively. It is also found that water temperature and surface irradiance are the best predictors of GPP and R, while water temperature (wind speed) has a significantly positive (negative) relationship with NEP. The findings in this study suggest that Lake Taihu is a net autotrophic ecosystem, and water temperature and surface irradiance are the two important drivers of lake metabolism.
Zhenghua Hu; Qitao Xiao; Jinbiao Yang; Wei Xiao; Wei Wang; Shoudong Liu; Xuhui Lee. Temporal Dynamics and Drivers of Ecosystem Metabolism in a Large Subtropical Shallow Lake (Lake Taihu). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2015, 12, 3691 -3706.
AMA StyleZhenghua Hu, Qitao Xiao, Jinbiao Yang, Wei Xiao, Wei Wang, Shoudong Liu, Xuhui Lee. Temporal Dynamics and Drivers of Ecosystem Metabolism in a Large Subtropical Shallow Lake (Lake Taihu). International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2015; 12 (4):3691-3706.
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhenghua Hu; Qitao Xiao; Jinbiao Yang; Wei Xiao; Wei Wang; Shoudong Liu; Xuhui Lee. 2015. "Temporal Dynamics and Drivers of Ecosystem Metabolism in a Large Subtropical Shallow Lake (Lake Taihu)." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12, no. 4: 3691-3706.