This paper presents the results of experimental tests with a spark-ignition engine powered using ammonia and DME (dimethyl ether). The tests were carried out on a CFR (cooperative fuel research) engine with a compression ratio of 10 and a rotational speed of 600 rpm. DME was used as a fuel to facilitate the initiation and then accelerate the combustion in the SI (spark-ignition) engine. It turned out that only about 10% of the energy share of DME ensures the correct combustion process. DME has a positive effect on the combustion stages, reduces the ignition delay time, and shortens the combustion duration. Thanks to this, for 18% of the energy share of NH₃, the highest engine efficiency (29.8%), the highest value of the average indicated pressure IMEP (712 kPa), and the minimum value of specific energy consumption (12.1 MJ/kWh) were obtained. Even the smallest DME content ensured the high repeatability of IMEP, below the permissible limit of 5%.

This paper analyzes the influence of the number of ignition coils and spark discharge energy on the Coefficient of Variation of Indicated Mean Effective Pressure (COV_IMEP) of an SI internal combustion piston engine. A modern electronically controlled induction ignition system is used during the test. Two fuels are used in the experiment. The reference fuel is gasoline and the tested fuel is ammonia. For the traditional fuel, using an additional ignition coil does not improve COV_IMEP. This parameter for gasoline has an almost constant value for different ignition system charging times. The situation is different for ammonia. This fuel requires high ignition energy. The use of one ignition coil demands a long charging time. For short charging times, unrepeatability of the engine cycles is unacceptable. The use of an additional ignition coil allowed to the charging coil timing to be shortened and the unrepeatable engine cycles to be reduced. This paper determined the maximum charging time of the used ignition coil, above which the spark parameters are worse. In addition, the influence of charging time and number of ignition coils on total spark energy, spark discharge duration, maximum spark power, and voltage during spark discharge for ammonia is presented. The data presented in this paper are developed based on measurements of current and voltage in the secondary winding of the ignition coil. A self-developed electronic device enabling the change in spark energy is used to control the ignition system. This paper also presents the construction of modern ignition systems, describes the functions of selected components, and briefly discusses their diagnostics.

W pracy opisano budowę i działanie układu wtrysku wielokrotnego przeznaczonego do zasilania silnika spalinowego o zapłonie samoczynnym. Do sterowania pracą układu wtryskowego wykorzystano sterownik Compact RIO obsługiwany z poziomu komputera przez aplikację sterującą. Przedstawiono wyniki prób działania układu wtryskowego i ocenę jego przydatności do sterowania pracą silnika badawczego.

W pracy opisano projekt robota wspomagającego pracę rehabilitanta. Stworzono konstrukcję do rehabilitacji kończyn górnych, a następnie policzono układ kinematyczny manipulatora. Napisano program w środowisku Scilab, który umożliwia obliczenie kinematyki dowolnego robota wpisując jego parametry w notacji Denavita - Hartenberga.

This paper analyzes the operation of a spark-ignition reciprocating engine fueled by purified landfill gas (LFG). The engine serves as the prime mover for an electric generator and a heat source within a Combined Heat and Power (CHP) unit. Experimental data is retrieved from the Engine Control Unit (ECU). The findings encompass 3000 operating hours (September–December), a period characterized by evolving spark plug conditions, during which various adjustments and service tasks are performed. This study primarily addresses operational strategies for spark plug maintenance to guarantee CHP system reliability, with a specific focus on electrode degradation and its subsequent effect on engine performance. A significant portion of the research analyzes the wear of eight OEM spark plugs installed during the observation period. Utilizing data from a specific interval (4044 to 4797 h), the study calculates the wear rates for both center and ground electrodes based on volume loss measurements obtained via digital microscopy. The results indicate varied electrode wear across the set. Furthermore, the correlation between spark plug condition, misfire counts, emergency shutdowns, and service intervals is examined. The misfires counter is proposed as a parameter for predicting emergency shutdowns and as an indicator for spark plug adjustment or replacement. Lastly, the paper describes potential causes of accelerated ground electrode wear and suggests probable methods for enhancing component longevity.

W pracy opisano sposób wykorzystania przemiennika częstotliwości w układzie hamowania tłokowego silnika spalinowego do wyznaczania jego mocy indykowanej. Sprawdzono czy i jak dokładnie energia tracona w rezystorze hamowania w ciągu każdego cyklu pracy silnika może być wykorzystana do określenia mocy indykowanej silnika w tym cyklu. Opisano stanowisko badawcze i przedstawiono przykładowy przebieg mocy indykowanej i energii traconej w rezystorze hamującym.