Klebsiella pneumoniae is a rapidly evolving pathogen with a diverse pangenome whose mobilome and resistome remain elusive. Here, we aimed to delineate the pangenome of 198 isolates from Tanzanian regions. Raw Illumina reads retrieved from public repositories were assembled and analyzed using multilocus sequence typing, core-genome single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based phylogeny, and capsular polysaccharide (K-locus) and lipopolysaccharide O-antigen (O-locus) typing. A total of 184 isolates were classified as Klebsiella pneumoniae sensu stricto , while 14 belonged to other species within the Klebsiella pneumoniae complex. We identified 90 sequence types (STs), including global high-risk ST45, ST39, ST336, ST14, ST1552, and ST17. KL24 and KL25 were the most common K-loci, while OL2α.1 and OL2α.2 were dominant O-loci. Pangenome analysis revealed 30,992 gene families, distributed as persistent (13.6%), shell (11.2%), and cloud (75.2%) genes, suggesting an open pangenome structure. Core-genome SNP-based phylogeny confirmed clonal expansion and lineage clustering. Virulence profiling showed yersiniabactin in 44% of isolates. Most genomes carried key fimbrial and iron uptake genes. Resistome analysis revealed near-universal presence of bla_CTX-M-15 , oqxA/B , fosA6 , sul2 , and marA . Plasmid typing identified IncF-type (76%) and Col-type (54%) plasmids, while over 120 mobile genetic elements were detected, whose frequencies were on a huge spectrum of insertion sequences (e.g., IS5075 and MITE Ype1 ) and transposons (e.g., Tn5403 and Tn6082). Conclusively, Tanzanian K. pneumoniae strains exhibit extensive genomic plasticity, high-risk lineages, and a versatile mobilome, calling for national genomic surveillance to inform intervention strategies. IMPORTANCE: The Klebsiella pneumoniae complex comprises a diverse group of bacterial pathogens adapted to thrive over a wide range of environments. Isolates from clinical and environmental samples are implicated in nosocomial infections and multidrug resistance, with similar genome structures and inherent genes. Our study presents the first pangenome report underlying genomic plasticity of K. pneumoniae isolates from Tanzanian clinical specimens, demonstrating versatile clones, mobilome, and resistome profiles. Combining these profiles with the versatility of K and O structures, our study emphasizes the need for comprehensive multidisciplinary surveillance studies to optimize therapeutic and vaccine development.

We present the whole-genome sequence data of Staphylococcus aureus strain MD03, isolated from a diabetic foot ulcer of a 56-year-old female patient at a tertiary hospital in Southwestern Uganda. Genomic DNA was extracted and sequenced using the Illumina platform. The assembled genome is 2,747,391 base pairs in length with a GC content of 32.5 %. The dataset includes annotated genes related to antimicrobial resistance and virulence, such as dfrG, mepA, LmrS, tet (K), norA, hla, lukF-PV, fnbA, fnbB, ica, scn, and sbi. The genome sequence and accompanying metadata are available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/datasets/genome/GCF_046573245.1/ .This dataset is suitable for reuse in comparative genomic analyses, resistance gene mapping, and understanding genetic diversity among S. aureus isolates from wound infections in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Campylobacter jejuni is a leading foodborne cause of gastroenteritis, but genomic surveillance remains uneven across Africa. A recent East Africa study combined whole-genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing for Campylobacter isolates from humans with diarrhea in Kenya and poultry in Tanzania, showing high sequence-type diversity and substantially higher multidrug resistance in poultry. We extended this regional evidence by analyzing 1,013 publicly available C. jejuni genomes, including 718 African and 295 non-African comparator genomes, with standardized assembly, genotyping, phylogenomics, pangenome reconstruction, antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and mobile-element profiling. African genomes were geographically concentrated but genetically diverse, included globally distributed and regionally enriched lineages, and showed an open pangenome dominated by low-frequency gene families. Resistance and virulence determinants were unevenly distributed by region and lineage. These findings place African C. jejuni diversity within a global evolutionary framework and support expanded, integrated One Health genomic surveillance.

Brucella melitensis is a major zoonotic pathogen in Africa, yet its population structure and transmission dynamics remain poorly characterized due to the limited use of whole-genome sequencing (WGS). This systematic review synthesized all published WGS studies of B. melitensis from African settings to assess lineage distributions, phylogenomic patterns, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) determinants, and virulence repertoires. The review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines and was prospectively registered in PROSPERO. PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched without date limits for studies generating or analyzing WGS data from B. melitensis isolates originating in Africa. Eligible studies reported primary genomic analyses, including lineage assignment, phylogenomics, AMR, or virulence profiling. Two reviewers independently screened records extracted data using a calibrated form and assessed methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tools. Owing to methodological heterogeneity, findings were synthesized narratively. Of 96 records identified, nine studies met the inclusion criteria, representing six countries (Tunisia, Algeria, Egypt, Ethiopia, Tanzania, and South Africa) and 139 genomes. North African datasets were dominated by biovar 3 and sequence type (ST) 11 within West Mediterranean lineages, whereas East and Southern African studies showed ST12-dominated African-lineage clusters with several novel sequence types. Phylogenomic analyses consistently revealed tight within-country clusters (0–6 alleles or 0–2 SNPs) and substantially larger between-country and between-lineage distances. AMR determinants were limited to intrinsic loci such as mprF and bepC–G , with no classical acquired resistance genes detected. Virulence repertoires were highly conserved across regions, with intact LPS and type IV secretion system genes universally present. African B. melitensis populations form regionally distinct lineages with strong local clustering and conserved virulence and intrinsic AMR architectures. Major evidence gaps, particularly in West and Central Africa, highlight the need for coordinated, continent-wide genomic surveillance to inform One Health brucellosis control.

Background and Aims: Tetanus‐toxoid‐containing vaccines protect mothers and newborns, but cumulative uptake may decline at higher dose thresholds. We assessed knowledge, attitudes, self‐reported tetanus‐toxoid‐containing vaccine uptake, and factors associated with receipt of at least three doses among women aged 15–44 years in Ifakara Town, Tanzania. Methods: A community‐based analytical cross‐sectional study included 383 women aged 15–44 years; electronic records were submitted between September 14, 2025, and January 6, 2026. Participants were selected through multistage sampling and completed an interviewer‐administered questionnaire. The primary outcome was self‐reported receipt of at least three tetanus‐toxoid‐containing vaccine doses. Participant‐level data were reanalyzed using multivariable logistic regression. The parity‐adjusted complete‐case model included 382 women; Firth bias‐reduced regression assessed sparse‐data sensitivity. Results: Almost all participants had heard of tetanus vaccination (97.7%) and reported ever receiving it (97.4%). Self‐reported uptake was 80.7% for at least two doses, 66.6% for at least three doses, 38.4% for at least four doses, and 24.5% for five doses. Good knowledge was reported for 66.1%, and 74.4% had a positive attitude score. In the parity‐adjusted model, the odds of reporting at least three doses were higher for ages 26–35 years (aOR 2.89, 95% CI 1.34–6.20) and 36–44 years (aOR 5.89, 95% CI 1.66–20.96), healthcare‐provider information (aOR 2.06, 95% CI 1.07–3.97), and parous status (aOR 15.94, 95% CI 6.84–37.14). Education, knowledge, and reported access barriers were not independently associated after parity adjustment. Conclusion: Initial contact with tetanus vaccination services was high, but self‐reported uptake declined at higher dose thresholds. Age and parity probably reflect cumulative opportunities for vaccination, rather than causal effects. Dose‐history review, provider‐led counseling, and access support may improve cumulative uptake.